Velvet contralto mawu. Kodi chinsinsi chachikulu cha kutchuka kwake ndi chiyani?

Contralto ndi imodzi mwamawu aakazi omwe amamveka bwino. Phokoso lake lotsika pang'onopang'ono limafanizidwa ndi cello. Mawuwa ndi osowa m'chilengedwe, choncho amayamikiridwa kwambiri chifukwa cha timbre yake yokongola komanso chifukwa amatha kufika pamunsi kwambiri kwa amayi.

Mawu awa ali ndi mapangidwe ake ake. Nthawi zambiri zimatha kuzindikirika pambuyo pa zaka 14 kapena 18 zakubadwa. Liwu la contralto lachikazi limapangidwa makamaka kuchokera ku mawu a ana awiri: otsika alto, omwe kuyambira ali aang'ono amakhala ndi kaundula wa pachifuwa, kapena soprano yokhala ndi timbre yosadziwika.

Kawirikawiri, paunyamata, liwu loyamba limakhala ndi phokoso lotsika lokongola ndi kaundula wa chifuwa cha velvety, ndipo chachiwiri, mosayembekezereka kwa aliyense, chimakulitsa mtundu wake ndikuyamba kumveka bwino pambuyo pa unyamata.

Atsikana ambiri amadabwa ndi kusintha komanso kuti mitunduyi imakhala yotsika, ndipo mawu amapeza zolemba zabwino zomveka bwino.

Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri: Kenako, patatha zaka pafupifupi 14, amakhala ndi mawu omveka pachifuwa ndi mawu achikazi, omwe amadziwika ndi contralto. Kaundula wapamwamba pang'onopang'ono amakhala wopanda mtundu komanso wosawoneka bwino, pomwe zolemba zotsika, m'malo mwake, zimapeza mawu okongola pachifuwa.

Mosiyana ndi mezzo-soprano, mtundu uwu wa contralto mukumveka ukufanana ndi mawu a mtsikana wolemera, koma liwu la mkazi wokhwima kwambiri, wamkulu kwambiri kuposa msinkhu wake wa kalendala. Ngati liwu la mezzo-soprano likumveka ngati velvety, koma lolemera kwambiri komanso lokongola, ndiye kuti contralto imakhala ndi phokoso laling'ono lomwe liwu lachikazi silikhala.

Chitsanzo cha mawu amenewa ndi woimba Vera Brezhneva. Ali mwana, anali ndi mawu apamwamba a soprano omwe, mosiyana ndi mawu a ana ena, ankawoneka osamveka komanso opanda mtundu. Ngati muunyamata, soprano ya atsikana ena inangopeza mphamvu ndikukhala wolemera mu timbre, kukongola ndi zolemba za pachifuwa, ndiye kuti mitundu ya mawu a Vera pang'onopang'ono inasiya kufotokoza, koma kaundula wa chifuwa adakula.

Ndipo ali wamkulu, adapanga mawu omveka bwino a contralto achikazi, omwe amamveka mwakuya komanso koyambirira. Chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi cha mawu oterowo chikhoza kumveka mu nyimbo "Ndithandizeni" ndi "Tsiku Labwino".

Mtundu wina wa contralto umapangidwa kale ali mwana. Mawu awa amakhala ndi mawu owopsa ndipo nthawi zambiri amaimba ngati altos m'makwaya asukulu. Paunyamata, amasanduka mezzo-sopranos ndi dramatic sopranos, ndipo ena amakula kukhala contralto yakuya. M’mawu amwano, mawu oterowo amamveka mwano ndipo amamveka ngati anyamata.

Atsikana okhala ndi mawu otere nthawi zina amanyozedwa ndi anzawo, ndipo nthawi zambiri amatchedwa mayina achimuna. Paunyamata, mtundu uwu wa contralto umakhala wolemera komanso wotsika, ngakhale kuti timbre yamphongo sichitha. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kumvetsetsa mu kujambula yemwe akuimba, mnyamata kapena mtsikana. Ngati ma altos ena amakhala mezzo-sopranos kapena dramatic sopranos, ndiye kuti cholembera pachifuwa cha contralto chimatseguka. Atsikana ambiri amayamba kudzitama kuti amatha kutengera mawu a amuna mosavuta.

Chitsanzo cha contralto chotere chikanakhala Irina Zabiyaka, mtsikana wa gulu "Chile", yemwe nthawi zonse anali ndi mawu otsika. Mwa njira, iye anaphunzira mawu maphunziro kwa zaka zambiri, zomwe zinamuthandiza kuwulula zosiyanasiyana zake.

Chitsanzo china cha contralto chosowa, chomwe chimapangidwa pambuyo pa zaka 18, ndi mawu a Nadezhda Babkina. Kuyambira ali mwana, iye anaimba alto, ndipo pamene iye analowa mu Conservatory, mapulofesa anazindikira mawu ake monga mochititsa chidwi mezzo-soprano. Koma pofika kumapeto kwa maphunziro ake, kutsika kwake kunakula ndipo pofika zaka 24 anali atapanga mawu okongola a contralto.

Mu opera, mawu oterowo ndi osowa, popeza palibe ma contralto ambiri omwe amakwaniritsa zofunikira zamaphunziro. Pakuyimba kwa opera, contralto sayenera kukhala yotsika mokwanira, komanso yomveka bwino popanda maikolofoni, ndipo mawu amphamvu ngati amenewa ndi osowa. Ndicho chifukwa chake atsikana omwe ali ndi mawu a contralto amapita kukaimba pa siteji kapena jazi.

Pakuyimba kwakwaya, mawu otsika amakhala ofunikira nthawi zonse, popeza ma alto okhala ndi timbre yokongola amakhala akusowa nthawi zonse.

Mwa njira, mumayendedwe a jazi pali ma contraltos ambiri, chifukwa chodziwika bwino cha nyimbo sichimangowalola kuti aziwonetsa bwino mawonekedwe awo achilengedwe, komanso kusewera ndi mawu awo m'malo osiyanasiyana. Pali contraltos makamaka pakati pa African-American kapena mulatto akazi.

Chifuwa chawo chapadera pachokha chimakhala chokongoletsera chamtundu uliwonse wa jazi kapena nyimbo ya moyo. Woimira wamkulu wa mawu oterowo anali Toni Braxton, yemwe anagunda "Unbreak my heart" sakanatha kuyimba bwino ndi woimba aliyense, ngakhale ndi mawu otsika kwambiri.

Pa siteji, contralto imayamikiridwa chifukwa cha velvety yake yokongola ya timbre ndi mawu achikazi. Malinga ndi akatswiri a zamaganizo, iwo mosasamala amalimbikitsa kukhulupirirana, koma, mwatsoka, atsikana ambiri amawasokoneza ndi mawu osuta. Ndipotu, n'zosavuta kusiyanitsa mawu otere ndi otsika: mawu osuta amamveka osamveka komanso osamveka poyerekeza ndi khalidwe lotsika koma la sonorous la contralto.

Oimba okhala ndi mawu oterowo adzamveka bwino m’holo yaikulu, ngakhale ataimba monong’ona. Mawu a atsikana omwe amasuta amakhala osamveka komanso osamveka, amataya utoto wawo ndipo samveka bwino muholo. M'malo mwa timbre yachikazi yolemera komanso yofotokozera, imakhala yosamvetsetseka kwambiri ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuti azisewera pazithunzithunzi, kusintha kuchokera ku phokoso labata kupita ku phokoso lomveka ngati pakufunika, ndi zina zotero. kunja kwa mafashoni.

Mawu a contralto achikazi nthawi zambiri amapezeka mbali zosiyanasiyana. Mu zisudzo, wotchuka contralto oimba anali Pauline Viardot, Sonya Prina, Natalie Stutzman ndi ena ambiri.

Mwa oimba a ku Russia, Irina Allegrova, woimba Verona, Irina Zabiyaka (woimba wa "Chili"), Anita Tsoi (makamaka m'nyimbo ya "Sky"), Vera Brezhneva ndi Angelica Agurbash anali ndi contralto timbre yakuya komanso yofotokozera.