Nyimbo zoyambira kwa oimba nyimbo

Amene amasankha kuphunzira zinazake zofunika kwambiri pankhani ya nyimbo sangapeweretu kuzoloŵerana ndi nyimbo zosiyanasiyana. Kuchokera m'nkhaniyi muphunzira momwe mungawerengere zolemba popanda kuziloweza, koma pongomvetsetsa mfundo zomveka zomwe nyimbo zimayambira.

Ndi chiyani chomwe chikuphatikizidwa mu lingaliro la nyimbo? Izi ndizo zonse zomwe zikugwirizana, mwanjira ina, kulemba ndi kuwerenga zolemba; Ichi ndi chilankhulo chapadera chomwe chimamveka kwa oimba onse ku Europe ndi America. Monga mukudziwira, phokoso lililonse la nyimbo limatsimikiziridwa ndi 4 katundu wakuthupi: (mtundu). Ndipo mothandizidwa ndi mawu a nyimbo, woimbayo amalandira chidziŵitso chokhudza mbali zinayi zonsezi za phokoso limene adzaimba kapena kulirira pa chida choimbira.

Ndikupangira kuti ndimvetsetse momwe chilichonse mwamawu amawu amasonyezedwera muzolemba zanyimbo.

Pitch

Mitundu yonse ya mawu a nyimbo imapangidwa mu dongosolo limodzi - sikelo ya mawu, ndiko kuti, mpambo umene mawu onse amatsatizana mwa dongosolo, kuchokera ku maphokoso otsika kwambiri mpaka apamwamba kwambiri, kapena mosiyana. Sikelo imagawidwa kukhala octaves - zigawo za sikelo ya nyimbo, iliyonse yomwe ili ndi zolemba zomwe zili ndi dzina lomwelo - .

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito polemba ndi kuwerenga zolemba khola - uwu ndi mzere wolembera zolemba mumizere isanu yofananira (zingakhale zolondola kunena - ). Zolemba zilizonse za sikelo zimalembedwa pa ndodo: pa olamulira, pansi pa olamulira kapena pamwamba pawo (ndipo, ndithudi, pakati pa olamulira ndi kupambana kofanana). Olamulira nthawi zambiri amawerengedwa kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba:

Zolembazo zimasonyezedwa ndi mitu yooneka ngati oval. Ngati mizere yayikulu isanu sikwanira kulemba cholemba, ndiye kuti mizere yapadera yowonjezera imayambitsidwa kwa iwo. Pamene mawuwo akumveka kwambiri, ndiye kuti amakhala pamwamba pa olamulira:

Lingaliro la kumveka kwenikweni kwa phokoso limaperekedwa ndi makiyi a nyimbo, omwe awiri omwe amadziwika kwambiri kwa aliyense ndi. Nyimbo zoyambira kwa oyamba kumene zimatengera kuphunzira kwa treble clef mu octave yoyamba. Zalembedwa motere:

Werengani za njira zoloweza mwachangu zolemba zonse m'nkhani yakuti "Momwe mungaphunzire mwachangu komanso mosavuta"; malizitsani zochitika zomwe zaperekedwa pamenepo ndipo simudzawona momwe vutoli lizithera lokha.

Nthawi zolembera

Kutalika kwa cholemba chilichonse ndi gawo la nthawi yanyimbo, yomwe ndikuyenda mosalekeza pa liwiro lomwelo la magawo ofanana, kufananiza ndi kugunda kwamphamvu kwa kugunda. Nthawi zambiri kugunda kumodzi kotereku kumalumikizidwa ndi noti ya kotala. Yang'anani pachithunzichi, muwona chithunzithunzi chazithunzi za nthawi zosiyanasiyana ndi mayina awo:

Inde, nyimbo zimagwiritsanso ntchito nthawi yaying'ono. Ndipo mudamvetsetsa kale kuti nthawi iliyonse yatsopano, yaying'ono imapezedwa pogawa cholemba chonse ndi nambala 2 mpaka nth mphamvu: 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, ndi zina zotero. zolemba za kotala, koma ndi kupambana kofanana mu zolemba 4 zisanu ndi zitatu kapena 8 zolemba khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi.

Nthawi yanyimbo imakonzedwa bwino, ndipo mu bungwe lake, kuwonjezera pa magawo, magulu akuluakulu amatenga nawo mbali - kotero inu, ndiye kuti, zigawo zomwe zili ndi nambala yoperekedwa. Miyezo imasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe polekanitsa wina ndi mzake poyimirira mzere wa bar. Chiwerengero cha kumenyedwa mu miyeso, ndi nthawi ya aliyense wa iwo amawonetsedwa muzolemba pogwiritsa ntchito manambala kukula.

Kukula, kutalika, ndi kugunda kwamitundu yonse kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi gawo la nyimbo monga rhythm. Nyimbo zoimbira kwa oyamba kumene nthawi zambiri zimagwira ntchito ndi mita yosavuta, mwachitsanzo, 2/4, 3/4, ndi zina zambiri. Onani momwe nyimbo zoimbira zingakhazikitsire mwa iwo.

Volume

Momwe mungasewere izi kapena cholinga icho - mokweza kapena mwakachetechete - kumasonyezedwanso m'zolembazo. Zonse ndi zophweka apa. Nazi zithunzi zomwe mudzawone:

Chizindikiro

The timbre of sounds ndi dera lomwe silinakhudzidwe konse ndi nyimbo zoimbira kwa oyamba kumene. Komabe, monga lamulo, zolembazo zimakhala ndi malangizo osiyanasiyana pankhaniyi. Chosavuta kwambiri ndi dzina la chida kapena mawu omwe akupangidwira. Gawo lovuta kwambiri ndi lokhudzana ndi luso losewera (mwachitsanzo, kuyatsa ndi kuzimitsa limba pa piyano) kapena njira zopangira mawu (mwachitsanzo, ma harmonics pa violin).

Tiyenera kuima apa: kumbali imodzi, mwaphunzira kale zambiri zomwe zingathe kuwerengedwa mu nyimbo za pepala, kumbali ina, pali zambiri zoti muphunzire. Tsatirani zosintha patsamba. Ngati mudakonda nkhaniyi, ipangireni kwa anzanu pogwiritsa ntchito mabatani omwe ali pansi pa tsamba.