Evgeny Fyodorovich Stankovych |

Yevhen Stankovych

Mu mlalang'amba wa oimba Chiyukireniya 70s. E. Stankovich ndi mmodzi mwa atsogoleri. Chiyambi chake chagona, choyamba, m'malingaliro akuluakulu, malingaliro, kufotokoza za mavuto a moyo, maonekedwe awo a nyimbo, ndipo potsiriza pa udindo wapachiweniweni, mukulimbikitsana kosasinthasintha kwa malingaliro, mukulimbana (osati mophiphiritsira - zenizeni! ) ndi akuluakulu oimba.

Stankevich amatchedwa "New folklore wave". Izi mwina sizowona kwenikweni, chifukwa samawona nthano ngati njira yowonetsera ichi kapena chithunzicho. Kwa iye ndi mkhalidwe wamoyo, mkhalidwe wofunika kwambiri. Chifukwa chake kugwiritsa ntchito mowolowa manja mitu ndi zithunzi za anthu, zomwe zimasinthidwa kudzera mumalingaliro amakono adziko lapansi muzovuta zake zonse, kusinthasintha, komanso kusagwirizana.

Stankovich anabadwira m'tauni yaing'ono ya Transcarpathia ya Svalyava. Sukulu ya nyimbo, sukulu ya nyimbo, utumiki wa Soviet Army. Pambuyo demobilization anakhala wophunzira wa Kyiv Conservatory (1965). Kwa zaka 3 zophunzira m'kalasi ya B. Lyatoshinsky, Stankovich adatha kusokoneza mfundo yake yamakhalidwe abwino: kukhala woona mtima muzojambula ndi zochita. Pambuyo pa imfa ya mphunzitsi Stankovich anasamukira ku kalasi ya M. Skorik, amene anapereka sukulu yabwino ya ukatswiri.

Chilichonse mu nyimbo chimadalira Stankovich. Ali ndi mitundu yonse yamakono ya luso lolemba. Dodecaphony, aleatoric, sonorous effects, collage amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachilengedwe ndi wolembayo, koma palibe paliponse pamene iwo amakhala cholinga chodzidalira.

Kuyambira zaka za ophunzira, Stankovich wakhala akulemba zambiri komanso m'madera osiyanasiyana, koma ntchito zofunika kwambiri zinalengedwa mu symphonic ndi nyimbo-zisudzo Mitundu: Sinfonietta, 5 symphonies, ballets Olga ndi Prometheus, opera wowerengeka. Fern Blooms - izi ndi ntchito zina zimazindikirika ndi mawonekedwe achilendo.

Symphony yoyamba ("Sinfonia larga") ya zida za zingwe za 15 (1973) ndizosawerengeka za kachitidwe kamodzi kamene kamayenda pang'onopang'ono. Izi ndizozama zamafilosofi ndi nyimbo, pomwe mphatso ya Stankovich monga polyphonist idawonetsedwa bwino.

Mu mlalang'amba wa oimba Chiyukireniya 70s. E. Stankovich ndi mmodzi mwa atsogoleri. Chiyambi chake chagona, choyamba, m'malingaliro akuluakulu, malingaliro, kufotokoza za mavuto a moyo, maonekedwe awo a nyimbo, ndipo potsiriza pa udindo wapachiweniweni, mukulimbikitsana kosasinthasintha kwa malingaliro, mukulimbana (osati mophiphiritsira - zenizeni! ) ndi akuluakulu oimba.

Stankevich amatchedwa "New folklore wave". Izi mwina sizowona kwenikweni, chifukwa samawona nthano ngati njira yowonetsera ichi kapena chithunzicho. Kwa iye ndi mkhalidwe wamoyo, mkhalidwe wofunika kwambiri. Chifukwa chake kugwiritsa ntchito mowolowa manja mitu ndi zithunzi za anthu, zomwe zimasinthidwa kudzera mumalingaliro amakono adziko lapansi muzovuta zake zonse, kusinthasintha, komanso kusagwirizana.

Stankovich anabadwira m'tauni yaing'ono ya Transcarpathia ya Svalyava. Sukulu ya nyimbo, sukulu ya nyimbo, utumiki wa Soviet Army. Pambuyo demobilization anakhala wophunzira wa Kyiv Conservatory (1965). Kwa zaka 3 zophunzira m'kalasi ya B. Lyatoshinsky, Stankovich adatha kusokoneza mfundo yake yamakhalidwe abwino: kukhala woona mtima muzojambula ndi zochita. Pambuyo pa imfa ya mphunzitsi Stankovich anasamukira ku kalasi ya M. Skorik, amene anapereka sukulu yabwino ya ukatswiri.

Chilichonse mu nyimbo chimadalira Stankovich. Ali ndi mitundu yonse yamakono ya luso lolemba. Dodecaphony, aleatoric, sonorous effects, collage amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachilengedwe ndi wolembayo, koma palibe paliponse pamene iwo amakhala cholinga chodzidalira.

Kuyambira zaka za ophunzira, Stankovich wakhala akulemba zambiri komanso m'madera osiyanasiyana, koma ntchito zofunika kwambiri zinalengedwa mu symphonic ndi nyimbo-zisudzo Mitundu: Sinfonietta, 5 symphonies, ballets Olga ndi Prometheus, opera wowerengeka. Fern Blooms - izi ndi ntchito zina zimazindikirika ndi mawonekedwe achilendo.

Symphony yoyamba ("Sinfonia larga") ya zida za zingwe za 15 (1973) ndizosawerengeka za kachitidwe kamodzi kamene kamayenda pang'onopang'ono. Izi ndizozama zamafilosofi ndi nyimbo, pomwe mphatso ya Stankovich monga polyphonist idawonetsedwa bwino.

Zithunzi zosiyana kwambiri, zotsutsana zimalowa mu Symphony Yachiwiri ("Heroic") (1975), yophimbidwa, m'mawu a wolembayo, ndi "chizindikiro chamoto" cha Great Patriotic War.

Mu 1976, Symphony Yachitatu ("Ndimatsimikiziridwa") idawonekera - chinsalu chachikulu chamagulu asanu ndi limodzi cha symphonic, momwe kwaya imayambitsidwa. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa zithunzi, zothetsera nyimbo, masewero oimba olemera amasiyanitsa ntchitoyi, zomwe zimafika pachisinthiko cha ntchito ya Stankovich. Kusiyanitsa kwa Chachitatu ndi Symphony Yachinayi, yomwe idapangidwa chaka chotsatira ("Sinfonia lirisa"), mawu olemekezeka a wojambulayo. Pomaliza, chomaliza, Chachisanu ("Pastoral Symphony") ndi ndakatulo kuvomereza, kusinkhasinkha za chilengedwe ndi malo a munthu mmenemo (1980). Chifukwa chake ma motifs-chants zazifupi ndi zizindikiro zachindunji, zomwe sizipezeka kwa Stankovich.

Pamodzi ndi malingaliro akuluakulu, Stankevich nthawi zambiri amatembenukira ku ziganizo za chipinda. Zojambula zazing'ono, zopangidwira kagulu kakang'ono ka oimba, zimathandiza woimbayo kuti afotokoze kusintha kwa nthawi yomweyo, kupanga zing'onozing'ono za mapangidwe, kuunikira zithunzi kuchokera kumbali zosiyanasiyana ndipo, chifukwa cha luso lenileni, amapanga nyimbo zabwino kwambiri, mwina zapamtima kwambiri. (Mlingo wa ungwiro umatsimikiziridwanso ndi mfundo yakuti mu 1985 UNESCO Music Commission inatcha Stankovic's Third Chamber Symphony (1982) pakati pa nyimbo 10 zabwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.)

Stankovich nayenso amakopeka ndi zisudzo nyimbo, koposa zonse mwayi kukhudza mbiri. The folk-opera When the Fern Blooms (1979) ndi yachilendo pamalingaliro ake. Uwu ndi mndandanda wazithunzi zapakhomo komanso zamwambo zokonzedwa kuti zichitike ndi kwaya yotchuka padziko lonse ya State Ukraine Folk Choir. G. Zingwe. Kuphatikizika kwa zitsanzo zenizeni za nthano ndi nyimbo za wolemba: mtundu wa sewero lanyimbo limabadwa - popanda chiwembu, pafupi ndi suite.

Machitidwe ena a bungwe lazinthu adapezeka mu ballets Olga (1982) ndi Prometheus (1985). Zochitika zazikulu za mbiri yakale, zithunzi zosiyanasiyana ndi nkhani zankhani zimathandizira kukhazikitsa ziwonetsero zazikulu za nyimbo. Mu nyimbo za ballet "Olga" nkhani zosiyanasiyana zimapereka malingaliro osiyanasiyana: apa pali zochitika zochititsa chidwi, zachikondi zachikondi, ndi zochitika za miyambo ya anthu. Izi, mwinamwake, ndizolemba za demokalase za Stankovich, chifukwa, monga kwina kulikonse, chiyambi cha nyimbo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pano.

Zina mwa Prometheus. Mosiyana ndi chiwembu chodutsa "Olga", pali ndege ziwiri pano: zenizeni ndi zophiphiritsa. Wolembayo adagwira ntchito yovuta kwambiri: kuphatikiza mutu wa Great October Socialist Revolution ndi nyimbo.

Anathandizidwa kupeŵa kuletsedwa, kulunjika, ndi clichés osati kokha ndi kutanthauzira kwachikondi kwa zithunzi zophiphiritsira (Prometheus, mwana wake wamkazi Iskra), koma, choyamba, ndi chitukuko chodabwitsa cha mitu, chinenero chamakono popanda malipiro a malamulo a mtundu. Njira yothetsera nyimbo inakhala yozama kwambiri kuposa mzere wakunja. Makamaka pafupi ndi wolembayo ndi chifaniziro cha Prometheus, yemwe anabweretsa zabwino kwa anthu ndipo akuyenera kuvutika kosatha chifukwa cha ntchitoyi. Chiwembu cha ballet ndi chopindulitsanso chifukwa chinapangitsa kuti zitheke kukankhira maiko awiri a polar palimodzi. Chifukwa cha izi, zida zosemphana kwambiri zidawuka, zokhala ndi ziwopsezo zamphamvu komanso zamawu, zonyoza komanso zomvetsa chisoni zenizeni.

"Kunola" munthu mwa munthu, kupanga dziko lake lamalingaliro, malingaliro ake amayankha mosavuta "zizindikiro zoyitana" za anthu ena. Ndiye limagwirira nawo, chifundo osati amakulolani kuzindikira akamanena za ntchito, koma ndithudi cholinga omvera pa mavuto a masiku ano. Mawu awa a Stankovych akuwonetseratu udindo wake wapachiweniweni ndipo akuwonetsa tanthauzo la zochitika zake zolimbitsa thupi (mlembi wa Union of Composers of the USSR ndi mlembi woyamba wa Union of Composers of the Ukraine SSR, wachiwiri kwa Supreme Soviet wa SSR yaku Ukraine. , wachiwiri kwa anthu ku USSR), cholinga chake ndikuchita zabwino.

S. Filstein