Gulu la zida zoimbira. Kodi zida zoimbira ndi chiyani?

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Tikamakambirana zida zoimbira, ambiri aife timaganiza za zida za ng'oma zomwe zimabwera ndi gulu lililonse lomwe likusewera nyimbo zotchuka. Komabe, banja loyimba ndi lalikulu kwambiri ndipo limaphatikizapo zida zokulirapo monga zoyimba. Izi ndi, mwa zina, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ng'oma kapena zosokoneza zomwe zingaperekedwe kumagulu ang'onoang'ono.

Kugawikana kwakukulu komwe timapanga pankhani ya zida zoimbira ndi kugawikana kwa omwe ali ndi mawu ake enieni, monga timpani, xylophone, vibraphone, celesta, ndi omwe ali ndi mawu osadziwika bwino, monga ng'oma, katatu, maracas, ndi zinganga. Ndi kamvekedwe kosadziwika bwino kameneka, ndi nkhani yachizoloŵezi chifukwa chida chilichonse chimakhala ndi mawu ake, motero chiyeneranso kukhala ndi kamvekedwe kake. Mfundo yake ndi yoti kutalika kwa chida chomwe chapatsidwa kungadziwike bwino kapena pafupifupi, mwachitsanzo, kutalika - kutsika. Choncho, mwinamwake kugawanika kolondola komanso komveka bwino kudzakhala zida zoimbira komanso zopanda nyimbo.

Kugawanika kwina kumene tingapange m’gululi ndi zida zolira zolira zokha. ma idiophones - momwe gwero la phokoso ndilo kugwedezeka kwa chida chonse ndi zida zoimbira za membrane, zomwe zimatchedwa ma membranophones - momwe gwero la phokoso ndi kugwedeza taut diaphragm, kupanga chimodzi mwa zigawo za chidacho. Titha kugawa ma idiophone kukhala gulu lowonjezera, lomwe lingasiyanitse chida chopatsidwa chifukwa cha zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga. Pano, zopangira zazikulu zomwe timakumana nazo ndi nkhuni kapena zitsulo.

M'malo mwake, aliyense wa ife, ngakhale anthu omwe sanali okhudzana kwenikweni ndi nyimbo, adalumikizana ndi zida za gulu loimba. Mabelu otchuka, omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa zinganga kusukulu, ndiwonso zida zoimbira. Vibraphone yopangidwa ndi mbale zachitsulo ndi yofanana ndi mabelu akusukulu. Chida chofanana ndi vibraphone ndi xylophone, kupatula kuti mbale zake sizitsulo koma zamatabwa. Mutha kupeza zofanana zambiri pakati pa zida zoyimba.

Inde pakati pa zida zoimbira gulu lalikulu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ng'oma. Gawo lalikulu la iwo limagwiritsidwa ntchito osati mu nyimbo zachikhalidwe zokha, komanso nyimbo zodziwika bwino. Makamaka mu nyimbo zachilatini, ndikugogomezera kwambiri nyimbo za Cuba, titha kupeza zida monga bongo kapena conga. Iwo ali m'gulu la zida za nembanemba, nembanemba yomwe imapangidwa ndi chikopa chachilengedwe kapena chopangidwa.

Chida chodziwika bwino komanso chodziwika bwino mu gulu ili ndi zida za ng'oma, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa seti. Zimapangidwa ndi zida zapayekha, zosiyana za diaphragm ndi zinganga. Zigawo zazikulu za seti yonse ndi: ng'oma yapakati, ng'oma ya msampha ndi hi-hat. Ndi pazinthu zoyambira izi m'mene maphunziro amayimba amayambira, motsatizana akuwonjezapo zingwe ndi zinganga. Chigawo cha seti yotereyi ndi, zowonadi, zida, mwachitsanzo, zida, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zoyimira zanganga, ng'oma ya msampha, chopondapo cha ng'oma komanso, koposa zonse, ng'oma ndi makina. hi-hatu. Chothandizira pazida zoyambira zotere zitha kukhala zida zosiyanasiyana zoyimba, monga maseche kapena mabelu opachikika.

Pagulu la zida zoyimbira pali zida zambiri zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndipo chimodzi mwazosangalatsa kwambiri ndi, mwachitsanzo, zanza, chomwe chimadziwika kwambiri ku Europe kuti. kalimba. Ndi chida chomwe chimachokera ku Africa ndipo chili m'gulu la ma idiophones odulidwa. Amakhala ndi bolodi kapena bokosi resonator pomwe bango kapena malirime achitsulo amalumikizidwa. Tikhoza kupeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chida ichi, mwachitsanzo mzere umodzi, mizere iwiri ngakhale mizere itatu ya kalibe. Zomangamanga zosavuta zimakulolani kuyimba nyimbo zosavuta, pomwe zovuta kwambiri zimapereka mwayi wopanga nyimbo. Mtengo wa chida ichi umadalira makamaka zinthu zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito pochipanga ndipo umachokera ku ma zloty angapo mpaka mazana angapo. Chidachi chitha kukhala ngati chida choimbira chokha komanso kukhala chothandizira kwambiri pazida zazikulu zoimbira za gulu lomwe laperekedwa.