Mphotho Zanyimbo |

Mphotho zanyimbo - mphotho zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa ziwerengero zamamuse. art-va - olemba, oimba, oimba nyimbo, otsutsa, instr. ambuye, aphunzitsi, ndi zina zotero pa ntchito zapamwamba kapena kuphatikiza luso. zopambana. P. amapatsidwa chifukwa cha zotsatira za mpikisano wokhazikitsidwa mwapadera (onani Mpikisano), komanso ndi chisankho cha maboma. mabungwe, osiyanasiyana nyimbo ob-in, akaunti. mabungwe, t-ditch, nyumba zosindikizira, ndi zina zotero; m'mayiko a capitalist - anthu wamba, opereka chithandizo. Kugawa kwakukulu kwa nyimbo. Zinthu zinapezedwa m'zaka za m'ma 19 ndi 20, pamene m'mayiko angapo anayamba kupanga zosiyanasiyana. za-va ndi ndalama ndi cholinga cholimbikitsa oimba achinyamata. Nthawi zambiri adawuka ku Germany; Monga lamulo, iwo anali ndi mayina a olemba nyimbo zazikulu—F. Mendelssohn, WA Mozart, J. Meyerbeer, R. Wagner, ndi ena. Rimskaya P. ku Paris, ndi Beethoven P. ndi PP im. Paderevsky ku USA, Glinkin's P. ku Russia, kenako - Roman P. ku Belgium (monga pa Paris), maphunziro a Mendelssohn ku UK, P. im. Schubert, JS Bach, L. Beethoven, L. Spohr mu decomp. mizinda ya Germany, etc. Mwambo wa appropriation wa P. izdat. makampani abwino kwambiri. mtundu wina; inde, kwa con. Nyumba yosindikizira ya zaka za m'ma 19 "Ricordi" (Italy) mphoto P. chifukwa cha nyimbo zoimba. Mu USA pakati zofunika - P. kwa iwo. Pulitzer, iwo. J. Gershwin, iwo. C. Ditson, Ford ndi Guggenheim Foundations, ndi ena. Nkhondo yachiŵiri ya padziko lonse itatha (2–1939), masitudiyo angapo ojambulira anakhazikitsidwa m’gawo la kujambula, zonse zaluso ndi zaumisiri. ntchito zoperekedwa ndi Special intl. oweruza m'mayiko ambiri ku Ulaya, USA ndi Japan.

Mu USSR, Lenin Prize (kuyambira 1957) ndi State Prize wa USSR (1940-52 ndipo kuyambira 1967) ndi mphoto chifukwa cha kupambana kwambiri mu gawo la nyimbo. Resp. Pitani. P. Zopambana za oimba m'mabungwe onse ndi mn. mayiko odziyimira pawokha a USSR: Azerbaijan. SSR (yotchedwa U. Hajibekova, c. 1966), Arm. SSR (yotchedwa A. Khachaturyan - kwa olemba, ndipo adatchedwa A. Danielyan - kwa oimba, 1965), BSSR (1966), Georgia. SSR (yotchedwa Sh. Rustaveli, 1965), Kazakh. SSR (yotchedwa K. Baiseitovoy ndipo inatchedwa Kurmangazy, 1965), Kirg. SSR (yotchedwa Toktogula Satylganova, 1966), Latv. SSR (1957), Lit. SSR (1957), Mold. SSR (1965), RSFSR (yotchedwa MI Glinki, 1965), Taj. SSR (im. Rudaki, 1963), Turkm. SSR (named after Makhtumkuli, 1966), Uzb. SSR (yotchedwa Hamzy, 1964), USSR (yotchedwa TG Shevchenko, 1961), Est. SSR (1957), Tat. ASSR (yotchedwa G. Tukaya, 1958), Yakut. ASSR (1966) ndi ena. Prisuzhdatus nayenso P. Komiti Yaikulu ya VLKSM ndi Komiti Yaikulu ya Komsomol ya Union Republics, Komiti Yaikulu ya USSR ndi ena. Zosankha zopatsa Gos. P. amasindikizidwa pakati, resp. ndi sitampu yachigawo yachikumbutso cha Revolution ya Okutobala ya 1917.

Mu chikhalidwe china. mayiko P. oimba amapatsidwa dziko. ndi magulu. mabungwe (ku Bulgaria - P. dzina lake G. Dimitrov, ku Hungary - L. Kossuth, ku GDR - Nats. P., etc.).

MM Yakovlev