Nyimbo za sign |

chizindikiro cha nyimbo - nyimbo zogwiritsidwa ntchito, kuyambira nthawi zakale zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu ankhondo komanso m'moyo wamba. Zimaphatikizapo zankhondo, kusaka, upainiya ndi zizindikiro zamasewera za lipenga (bugle) ndi ng'oma, moni wa fanfare ndi zizindikiro zochenjeza za truce, heralds, heralds, S. m. zikondwerero za anthu ndi mwambo wapadziko lonse lapansi. Kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko cha mphamvu ya S. m. imakhala imodzi mwa njira zofunika kwambiri zoyendetsera maphunziro, ntchito zankhondo ndi moyo wa asilikali. Rus. zolemba zakale ndi zazing'ono zowawonetsa zimachitira umboni kukhalapo kwa zida zolumikizirana ndi Dr. Russia kuyambira zaka za zana la 10. Nyanga, mipope yowongoka, maseche (ng’oma) ndi nakras (timpani) zinali kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri panthawiyo. Zida zimenezi zinalipo m’gulu lililonse lalikulu la asilikali ndipo zinkagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zosonyezera nkhondo. Iwo ankatumikira monga njira yodalirika yochenjeza, kulankhulana ndi kulamulira ndi kulamulira asilikali pa nthawi ya nkhondo. Chizindikiro chosonyeza kuyamba kwa nkhondo kapena kuukira linga nthaŵi zambiri chinkaperekedwa ndi phokoso lamphamvu la asilikali onse. zida zowonetsera. Momwemonso, kubwerera kunalengezedwa, kusonkhana kwa asilikali pambuyo pa nkhondo, kulamula kusintha njira yoyendetsera. Pankhondoyo, makamaka m’zaka za m’ma 17 mpaka 18, ng’oma zinkagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zida zama siginecha zapezeka mu nyimbo. makonzedwe a miyambo yankhondo monga m’bandakucha, kuika alonda, kukumana kwa akazembe, kuikidwa m’manda kwa asilikali akufa. Ku 17in. zida zozindikiritsa zasinthidwa kwambiri. Mapaipi adayamba kupangidwa mosinthana zingapo, ng'oma zidakhala zozungulira. mawonekedwe ndipo, mosiyana ndi zam'mbuyomo, anayamba kuperekedwa ndi chimodzi, koma nembanemba ziwiri, timpani inayamba kupangidwa ndi mkuwa kapena siliva ndi yokongoletsedwa. Kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma 18, nyanga ya ana oyenda pansi inawonekera m'magulu ankhondo. Pambuyo pakupanga gulu lankhondo laku Russia komanso kukhazikitsidwa kwa malamulo oyambira ankhondo, nyimbo zowonetsera zimakhala imodzi mwantchito zankhondo. Ndi chitukuko cha zida. asilikali anayamba kupanga ndi asilikali. zizindikiro zosonyeza zenizeni za machitidwe a nkhondo ndi utumiki wa mtundu uliwonse wa asilikali. Izi zinatsimikiziranso mtundu wa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zowonetsera. Choncho, mapaipi, omwe anali ndi phokoso lamphamvu komanso phokoso lalikulu kwambiri lachirengedwe, ankagwiritsidwa ntchito pamahatchi ndi zida zankhondo, kumene zochita zonse za maphunziro ndi nkhondo zinkachitika mothandizidwa ndi ma alarm, nyanga - m'magulu ankhondo ndi apanyanja, zitoliro. ndi ng'oma - m'magulu oyenda pansi, timpani - m'magulu okwera pamahatchi. C. m. linasungabe tanthauzo lake ngakhale litafika pa tanthauzo lake. chitukuko cha nyimbo zankhondo, magulu ankhondo anthawi zonse adawonekera, ophatikizidwa ndi magulu ankhondo ndi mapangidwe. Zida zina zamakina (mipope, nyanga) zidapeza mtengo wa zotsalira ndipo zimafanana ndi mphotho zapamwamba zankhondo zamagulu ankhondo. Mphotho yoyamba yotereyi inachitika mu 1737, pamene mmodzi wa magulu ankhondo a Life Guards a Izmailovsky Regiment, omwe adadziwika pankhondo pa kugwidwa kwa linga la Ochakov, adalandira lipenga la siliva. Kuyambira pamenepo, chifukwa cha zida zapadera zankhondo, gulu lankhondo la Russia. asilikali anayamba kupereka siliva ndi St.

Pambuyo pa Great Oct. socialist. wa Revolution, S.m. anapitiriza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mofala ponse paŵiri m’gulu lankhondo ndi m’moyo wamba. Pokhudzana ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa njira ndi njira zankhondo, zina zankhondo. zizindikiro zasiya kufunika kwawo mu gulu lankhondo (mwachitsanzo, apakavalo ndi zida zankhondo). Komabe, kawirikawiri, zizindikiro mu gulu lankhondo ndi apanyanja zimakhalabe imodzi mwa njira zochenjeza ndi kulamulira ndi kulamulira kwa asilikali, zimathandizira kukhazikitsidwa molondola kwa zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku, kukwaniritsa mgwirizano ndi kumveka bwino pazochitika zamagulu pankhondo, pa. kuguba, kuwongolera, malo owombera, komanso kuchita maphunziro. Kugwira ntchito kwa S.m. pa malipenga, zisangalalo ndi ng'oma pa miyambo yankhondo zimawapatsa ulemu wapadera ndi chikondwerero. M'magulu apansi a Soviet Gulu lankhondo limagwiritsa ntchito lipenga mu C ikukonzekera, fani mu Es tuning ndi kampani ng'oma, mu Navy bugle mu B ikukonzekera. komanso panthawi yamasewera (Masewera a Olimpiki, masiku amasewera, mpikisano, mipikisano, zisudzo), muzaluso. ndi mafilimu ophunzitsa. Abusa, positi, njanji. zizindikiro. Zithunzi za S.m. ndi maziko a ena ambiri. nyimbo zamphamvu ndi zaubusa. mitu; idachita mbali yofunika kwambiri pakupanga mtundu wankhondo wankhondo. kuguba.

Zothandizira: Odoevsky VF, Zomwe zinachitikira pa chinenero cha nyimbo, kapena telegraph ..., St. Petersburg, 1833; Altenburg JE, Versuch einer Anleitung zur heroisch-musikalischen Trompeter- und Pauker-Kunst, Halle, 1795.

XM Khakhanyan