Trombone ndi zinsinsi zake (gawo 1)

Onani ma trombones mu sitolo ya Muzyczny.pl

Makhalidwe a chida

Trombone ndi chida chamkuwa chopangidwa ndi chitsulo chonse. Zimapangidwa ndi zitsulo ziwiri zazitali zazitsulo zooneka ngati U, zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa wina ndi mzake kupanga chilembo S. Zimabwera mumitundu iwiri ya zipper ndi valve. Ngakhale kuti kuphunzira slider kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, kumasangalala kwambiri kutchuka, kokha chifukwa cha slider yake ili ndi mwayi wofotokozera. Mitundu yonse yanyimbo zodumphadumpha kuchokera pamawu amodzi kupita ku imzake, mwachitsanzo, njira ya glissando siyotheka ndi trombone ya valavu monga momwe zimakhalira ndi trombone.

Trombone, monga zida zambiri zamkuwa, mwachilengedwe ndi chida chokweza, koma nthawi yomweyo imatha kukhala yobisika kwambiri. Iwo ali yaikulu nyimbo angathe, chifukwa chimene amapeza ntchito mu Mitundu yambiri ndi masitaelo a nyimbo. Sizigwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu akuluakulu amkuwa ndi oimba, kapena magulu akuluakulu a jazi, komanso m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, zosangalatsa ndi magulu a anthu. Mochulukira, imathanso kumveka ngati chida choimbira chokha, osati ngati chida choperekeza.

Mitundu ya trombones

Kupatula kusiyanasiyana komwe kwatchulidwako kwa slide ndi valve trombone, trombone ili ndi mitundu yakeyake yamawu. Pano, monga momwe zilili ndi zida zina zopangira mphepo, zodziwika kwambiri ndi izi: soprano mu B tuning, alto mu Es tuning, tenor mu B tuning, bass mu F kapena Es tuning. Palinso trombone yapakatikati ya tenor-bass yokhala ndi valavu yowonjezera yomwe imatsitsa phokoso ndi trombone yachinayi komanso yotsika kwambiri ya doppio trombone mu tuning yotsika ya B, yomwe imatchedwanso octave, counterpombone kapena maxima tuba. Odziwika kwambiri, monga momwe zilili, mwachitsanzo, ma saxophone ndi tenor ndi alto trombones, omwe, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwawo komanso kumveka kwapadziko lonse lapansi, ndi omwe amasankhidwa pafupipafupi.

Kumveka kwamatsenga kwa trombone

Trombone ili ndi mawonekedwe odabwitsa a sonic ndipo simangomveka mokweza, komanso mochenjera kwambiri, khomo lodekha. Makamaka, kumveka kodabwitsa kumeneku kumatha kuwonedwa muzoimbaimba, pamene pambuyo pa kufulumira, phokoso lachidutswa gulu la oimba limakhala chete ndipo trombone imalowa modekha kwambiri, ikubwera patsogolo.

Trombone damper

Monga zida zambiri zamphepo, komanso ndi trombone titha kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimatchedwa muffler, zomwe zimalola oimbira kuti awonjezere kutengera ndikupanga mawu. Chifukwa cha damper, tikhoza kusintha kwathunthu makhalidwe akuluakulu a phokoso la chida chathu. Pali, ndithudi, ma faders omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri, ntchito yaikulu yomwe imakhala yochepetsera mphamvu ya chida, koma palinso mitundu yambiri ya ma faders omwe amatha kuwunikira phokoso lathu lalikulu, kapena kuwapangitsa kukhala oyeretsedwa komanso akuda.

Ndi trombone iti yomwe ndiyenera kuyamba kuphunzira nayo?

Kumayambiriro, ndikupangira kusankha tenor trombone, yomwe sikutanthauza mapapo amphamvu, omwe adzakhala mwayi waukulu mu gawo loyamba la kuphunzira. Mukamasankha, ndi bwino kufunsa mphunzitsi kapena katswiri wa trombonist kuti akuthandizeni kuti atsimikizire kuti chidacho ndi choyenera kwa inu ndipo chidzakhala ndi mawu abwino. Choyamba, yambani kuphunzira potulutsa mawu pakamwa pawokha. Maziko akusewera trombone ndi malo olondola pakamwa komanso, ndithudi, bloat.

Kutenthetsa musanayambe masewera oyenera

Chinthu chofunikira kwambiri musanayambe kusewera zidutswa za trombone ndi kutentha. Kwenikweni ndi kuphunzitsa minofu ya nkhope yathu, chifukwa ndi nkhope yomwe imagwira ntchito yaikulu kwambiri. Ndi bwino kuyamba kutentha koteroko ndi zolemba zochepa zazing'ono zazitali zomwe zimaseweredwa pang'onopang'ono mu njira ya legato. Itha kukhala masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena sikelo, mwachitsanzo mu F yayikulu, yomwe ndi imodzi mwazosavuta. Kenako, pamaziko a ntchitoyi, titha kupanga masewera ena otenthetsera thupi, kotero kuti nthawi ino titha kuyisewera mu luso la staccato, mwachitsanzo, timasewera cholemba chilichonse ndikuchibwereza mwachidule, mwachitsanzo kanayi kapena timasewera noti iliyonse ndi zinayi. zolemba khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi ndi kotala. Ndikoyenera kumvetsera phokoso la staccato yomwe imachitidwa kuti isakhale yokwera kwambiri, koma mu mawonekedwe okhwima kwambiri.

Kukambitsirana

Pali zifukwa zosachepera khumi ndi ziwiri zomwe kusankha chida champhepo ndikofunikira kusankha trombone. Choyamba, chida ichi, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake otsetsereka, chili ndi mwayi wodabwitsa wa sonic womwe sungapezeke mu zida zina zamphepo. Kachiwiri, ili ndi phokoso lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito mumtundu uliwonse wanyimbo, kuchokera ku classics kupita ku zosangalatsa, folklore ndi jazi. Ndipo, chachitatu, ndi chida chodziwika kwambiri kuposa saxophone kapena lipenga, motero mpikisano pamsika wa nyimbo ndi wochepa.