Tatiana Shmyga (Tatiana Shmyga).

Tatiana Shmyga

Wojambula wa operetta ayenera kukhala generalist. Awa ndi malamulo amtunduwu: amaphatikiza kuyimba, kuvina komanso kuchita modabwitsa pamlingo wofanana. Ndipo kusakhalapo kwa umodzi wa mikhalidwe imeneyi sikulipiridwa konse ndi kukhalapo kwa winayo. Ichi mwina ndichifukwa chake nyenyezi zenizeni zomwe zili m'chizimezime za operetta sizimawalira kawirikawiri. Tatiana Shmyga - mwini wa zachilendo, wina anganene kupanga, talente. Kuwona mtima, kuwona mtima kwakukulu, nyimbo zamoyo, kuphatikiza mphamvu ndi chithumwa, nthawi yomweyo zidakopa chidwi cha woimbayo.

Tatiana Ivanovna Shmyga anabadwa December 31, 1928 ku Moscow. “Makolo anga anali anthu okoma mtima ndi akhalidwe labwino,” akukumbukira motero wojambulayo. "Ndipo ndikudziwa kuyambira ndili mwana kuti mayi kapena bambo sangangobwezera munthu, komanso kumukhumudwitsa."

Nditamaliza maphunziro, Tatiana anapita ku State Institute of Theatre Arts. Ochita bwino mofananamo anali makalasi ake mu kalasi ya mawu a DB Belyavskaya; ankanyadira wophunzira wake ndi IM Tumanov, motsogozedwa ndi iye anadziwa zinsinsi kuchita. Zonsezi sizinasiye kukayikira za kusankha kwa tsogolo lolenga.

"... M'chaka changa chachinayi, ndinali ndi vuto - mawu anga anasowa," akutero wojambulayo. “Ndinkaganiza kuti sindingathe kuimbanso. Ndinkafuna ngakhale kusiya sukulu. Aphunzitsi anga odabwitsa adandithandiza - adandipangitsa kuti ndidzikhulupirire ndekha, ndipezenso mawu anga.

Atamaliza maphunziro ake ku Institute, Tatyana anapanga kuwonekera koyamba kugulu lake pa siteji ya Moscow Operetta Theatre m'chaka chomwecho, 1953. Anayamba pano ndi udindo wa Violetta mu Kalman Violet wa Montmartre. Imodzi mwa nkhani zokhudza Shmyg moyenerera inanena kuti udindo umenewu "monga kuti anakonzeratu mutu wa zisudzo, chidwi chake chapadera pa tsogolo la atsikana osavuta, odzichepetsa, osadziwika bwino, akusintha mozizwitsa m'kati mwa zochitika ndikuwonetsa mphamvu zapadera zamakhalidwe abwino, kulimba mtima.”

Shmyga adapeza onse mlangizi wamkulu ndi mwamuna mu zisudzo. Vladimir Arkadyevich Kandelaki, amene kenako anatsogolera Moscow Operetta Theatre, anakhala mmodzi mwa anthu awiri. Malo osungiramo talente yake yaluso ali pafupi ndi zokhumba zaluso za wojambula wachinyamatayo. Kandelaki molondola anamva ndipo anatha kuwulula luso kupanga, amene Shmyga anabwera ku zisudzo.

“Ndinganene kuti zaka khumi zimenezo pamene mwamuna wanga anali wotsogolera wamkulu zinali zovuta kwambiri kwa ine,” Shmyga akukumbukira motero. - Sindinathe kuchita zonse. Zinali zosatheka kudwala, sikunali kotheka kukana udindo, kunali kosatheka kusankha, ndipo ndendende chifukwa ndine mkazi wa wotsogolera wamkulu. Ndinkasewera chilichonse, kaya ndimakonda kapena sindimakonda. Pamene ochita masewerowa ankasewera Circus Princess, Merry Widow, Maritza ndi Silva, ndinachitanso maudindo onse mu "Soviet operettas". Ndipo ngakhale pamene sindinakonde nkhani zimene anafunsidwazo, ndinayambabe kuyeseza, chifukwa Kandelaki anandiuza kuti: “Ayi, uzisewera.” Ndipo ndinasewera.

Sindikufuna kuwonetsa kuti Vladimir Arkadyevich anali wankhanza, adasunga mkazi wake mu thupi lakuda ... Pambuyo pake, nthawi imeneyo inali yosangalatsa kwambiri kwa ine. Zinali pansi pa Kandelaki pamene ndinasewera Violetta mu The Violet of Montmartre, Chanita, Gloria Rosetta mu sewero la The Circus Lights the Lights.

Awa anali maudindo odabwitsa, zisudzo zosangalatsa. Ndikuthokoza kwambiri chifukwa chokhulupirira mphamvu zanga, adandipatsa mwayi woti nditsegule.

Monga Shmyga adanena, operetta ya Soviet nthawi zonse imakhalabe pakati pa nyimbo zake ndi zofuna zake. Pafupifupi ntchito zonse zabwino kwambiri zamtunduwu zadutsa posachedwa ndi kutenga nawo gawo: "White Acacia" ndi I. Dunaevsky, "Moscow, Cheryomushki" ndi D. Shostakovich, "Spring Sings" ndi D. Kabalevsky, "Chanita's Kiss", "The The Circus Lights the Lights”, “Vuto la Atsikana” lolemba Y. Milyutin, “Sevastopol Waltz” lolemba K. Listov, “Girl with Blue Eyes” lolemba V. Muradeli, “Beauty Contest” lolemba A. Dolukhanyan, “White Night” lolemba T. Khrennikov, "Let Guitar Play" ndi O. Feltsman, "Comrade Love" ndi V. Ivanov, "Frantic Gascon" ndi K. Karaev. Uwu ndi mndandanda wochititsa chidwi. Makhalidwe osiyana kotheratu, ndipo pa Shmyga aliyense amapeza mitundu yokhutiritsa, nthawi zina kugonjetsa chizolowezi ndi looseness wa zinthu kwambiri.

Mu udindo wa Gloria Rosetta, woimbayo anakwera pamwamba pa luso, kupanga mtundu wa luso loimba. Imeneyi inali imodzi mwa ntchito zomaliza za Kandelaki.

EI Falkovic analemba kuti:

"... Pamene Tatyana Shmyga, ndi chithumwa chake cha nyimbo, kukoma kwake kosaoneka bwino, kunali pakati pa dongosolo lino, kuwala kwa machitidwe a Kandelaki kunali koyenera, anapatsidwa kulemera, mafuta ochuluka a zolemba zake anachotsedwa ndi ofatsa. watercolor ya kusewera kwa Shmyga.

Kotero zinali mu Circus. Ndi Gloria Rosetta - Shmyga, mutu wa maloto a chimwemwe, mutu wa chifundo chauzimu, ukazi wokongola, umodzi wa kukongola kwa kunja ndi mkati, unaphatikizidwa mu ntchitoyo. Shmyga adapangitsa kuti phokosolo liwonekere, limapatsa mthunzi wofewa, ndikugogomezera mawu ake. Kuphatikiza apo, panthawiyi luso lake linali litafika pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri kotero kuti luso lake lochita masewero linakhala chitsanzo kwa anzake.

Moyo wa Gloria wamng'ono unali wovuta - Shmyga amalankhula mowawa za tsoka la msungwana wamng'ono wochokera kumidzi ya ku Paris, anasiya mwana wamasiye ndipo anatengedwa ndi ku Italy, mwiniwake wa circus, wamwano komanso wopapatiza Rosetta.

Zikuoneka kuti Gloria ndi French. Ali ngati mlongo wamkulu wa Mtsikana waku Montmartre. Maonekedwe ake ofatsa, kuwala kofewa, komvetsa chisoni pang'ono kwa maso ake kumadzutsa mtundu wa akazi omwe olemba ndakatulo ankaimba nawo, omwe adalimbikitsa ojambula - akazi a Manet, Renoir ndi Modigliani. Mkazi wamtunduwu, wachifundo komanso wokoma, wokhala ndi moyo wodzaza ndi zobisika zobisika, amapanga Shmyg mu luso lake.

Gawo lachiwiri la duet - "Inu munalowa m'moyo wanga ngati mphepo ..." - chikhumbo cha kunena moona mtima, mpikisano wa zikhalidwe ziwiri, chigonjetso mukukhala pawekha wofewa, wodekha.

Ndipo mwadzidzidzi, zingawonekere, "ndime" yosayembekezeka kwathunthu - nyimbo yotchuka "The Twelve Oimba", yomwe pambuyo pake inakhala imodzi mwa nambala zabwino kwambiri za konsati ya Shmyga. Wowala, wansangala, mu nyimbo ya foxtrot yothamanga ndi choyimba choyimba - "la-la-la-la" - nyimbo yosasamala ya matalente khumi ndi awiri osadziwika omwe adagwa m'chikondi ndi kukongola ndikuyimba nyimbo zawo kwa iye, koma iye, monga mwachizolowezi, ankakonda zosiyana kotheratu, wosauka wogulitsa zolemba, "la-la-la-la, la-la-la-la ...".

... Kutuluka mwachangu papulatifomu yolowera pakati, kuvina kowoneka bwino komanso kwachikazi komwe kumatsagana ndi nyimboyo, chovala chodziwika bwino cha pop, chidwi chosangalatsidwa ndi nkhani ya munthu wachinyengo wamng'ono, wodzipereka ku kamvekedwe kokopa ...

… Mu "Oimba Khumi ndi Awiri" Shmyga adachita bwino kwambiri pakuyimba kwa chiwerengerocho, zosabvuta zidaponyedwa mu mawonekedwe a virtuoso. Ndipo ngakhale kuti Gloria savina cancan, koma chinachake ngati foxtrot yovuta, mumakumbukira chiyambi cha French heroine ndi Offenbach.

Ndi zonsezi, pali chizindikiro china chatsopano cha nthawi mu machitidwe ake - gawo lachisokonezo chochepa chifukwa cha kutsanulidwa kwamphamvu kwa malingaliro, kuseketsa komwe kumayambitsa malingaliro otsegukawa.

Pambuyo pake, kutsutsidwa kumeneku kumayenera kukhala chigoba choteteza motsutsana ndi zonyansa za mkangano wapadziko lapansi - ndi izi, Shmyga adzawululanso kuyandikana kwake kwauzimu ndi luso lalikulu. Pakalipano - chophimba chaching'ono chachitsulo chimatsimikizira kuti ayi, sizinthu zonse zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa chiwerengero chowala - ndizopusa kuganiza kuti moyo, waludzu lokhala ndi moyo mozama komanso mokwanira, umatha kukhutitsidwa ndi nyimbo yokondeka. Ndizokongola, zosangalatsa, zoseketsa, zokongola modabwitsa, koma mphamvu zina ndi zolinga zina siziyiwalika kuseri kwa izi.

Mu 1962, Shmyga adawonekera koyamba m'mafilimu. Mu Ryazanov "Hussar Ballad" Tatiana ankaimba episodic, koma losaiwalika udindo wa French Ammayi Germont, amene anabwera ku Russia pa ulendo ndipo anakakamira "mu chipale chofewa", mu wandiweyani nkhondo. Shmyga ankasewera mkazi wokoma, wokongola komanso wokondana. Koma maso awa, nkhope yachifundo imeneyi mu mphindi za kukhala pawekha samabisa chisoni cha chidziwitso, chisoni cha kusungulumwa.

Mu nyimbo ya Germont “Ndimamwabe ndikumwa, ndaledzera kale…” mutha kuzindikira mosavuta kunjenjemera ndi chisoni m'mawu anu kuseri kwa zomwe zikuwoneka zosangalatsa. Pa gawo laling'ono, Shmyga adapanga kafukufuku wodabwitsa wamalingaliro. Wojambulayo adagwiritsa ntchito izi m'magawo otsatirawa a zisudzo.

"Masewera ake amadziwidwa ndi malingaliro abwino amtunduwu komanso kukwaniritsidwa kwauzimu," akutero EI Falkovich. - Ubwino wosatsutsika wa zisudzo ndikuti ndi luso lake amabweretsa kuzama kwa zomwe zili mu operetta, zovuta zazikulu za moyo, kukweza mtundu uwu kukhala wovuta kwambiri.

Pa gawo lililonse latsopano, Shmyga amapeza njira zatsopano zowonetsera nyimbo, zowoneka bwino komanso zodziwika bwino za moyo. Tsogolo la Mary Eve kuchokera ku operetta "Mtsikana wa Blue Eyes" lolembedwa ndi VI Muradeli ndi lochititsa chidwi, koma amanenedwa m'chinenero cha operetta yachikondi; Jackdaw kuchokera mu sewero "Munthu Weniweni" wa MP Ziva amakopa ndi chithumwa cha kunja osalimba, koma achinyamata amphamvu; Daria Lanskaya ("White Night" ndi TN Khrennikov) akuwulula mbali za sewero lenileni. Ndipo, potsiriza, Galya Smirnova wochokera ku operetta "Beauty Contest" yolembedwa ndi AP Dolukhanyan akulongosola mwachidule nthawi yatsopano yofufuza ndi zodziwikiratu za wojambulayo, yemwe ali ndi heroine yake yabwino ya munthu wa Soviet, kukongola kwake kwauzimu, kuchuluka kwa malingaliro ndi malingaliro. . Mu gawo ili, T. Shmyga amatsimikizira osati kokha ndi luso lake lanzeru, komanso ndi chikhalidwe chake cholemekezeka, udindo wa boma.

Kupambana kwakukulu kwa Tatiana Shmyga m'munda wa classical operetta. Violetta wandakatulo mu The Violet of Montmartre yolembedwa ndi I. Kalman, Adele wamoyo, wachangu mu The Bat lolemba I. Strauss, Angele Didier wokongola mu The Count of Luxembourg lolemba F. Lehar, Ninon wanzeru mu gawo lopambana la The Bat Violets wa Montmartre, Eliza Doolittle mu "My Fair Lady" ndi F. Low - mndandanda uwu ndithudi udzapitirizidwa ndi ntchito zatsopano za wojambula.

Mu 90s Shmyga ankaimba udindo waukulu mu zisudzo "Catherine" ndi "Julia Lambert". Ma operetta aŵiriwo analembera iye makamaka. Julia anaimba kuti: “Nyumba ya zisudzo ndi nyumba yanga. Ndipo omvera amamvetsetsa kuti Julia ndi woimba wa Shmyga ali ndi chinthu chimodzi chofanana - sangathe kulingalira moyo wawo popanda zisudzo. Masewero onsewa ndi nyimbo ya zisudzo, nyimbo kwa mkazi, nyimbo ya kukongola kwa akazi ndi luso.

“Ndakhala ndikugwira ntchito moyo wanga wonse. Kwa zaka zambiri, tsiku lililonse, kuyambira khumi koloko m'mawa, pafupifupi madzulo aliwonse - zisudzo. Tsopano ndili ndi mwayi wosankha. Ndimasewera Catherine ndi Julia ndipo sindikufuna kuchita zina. Koma izi ndi zisudzo zomwe sindichita nazo manyazi," akutero Shmyga.