Ma Triplets, ma quintuplets, ndi zolemba zina zachilendo

Mwanjira ina, tanena kale kuti mothandizidwa ndi nthawi yayikulu, woimbayo samatha nthawi zonse kulemba nyimbo yomwe akufuna. Choncho, pali zosiyanasiyana rhythmic anomalies (tiyeni tizitcha izo) ndi njira mapindikidwe mungoli. Ndipo lero tikukupemphani kuti mudziwe nthawi zatsopano, zachilendo - katatu, quartoles, quintoles, etc. Koma choyamba choyamba.

Mitundu ya magawano rhythmic

Mu nyimbo, pali mfundo ziwiri zogawanitsa nthawi ya zolemba ndi kupuma: ngakhale (zoyambira) ndi zosamvetseka (mosasintha). Tiyeni tione bwinobwino.

NGAKHALE (kapena BASIC) GAWO - iyi ndi mfundo yoti cholemba chaching'ono chotsatira nthawi yayitali chimapangidwa ndikugawa cholemba chonse ndi nambala 2 mu mphamvu ya masamu (ndiko kuti, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256) , 512 kapena 1024 magawo).

Mumadziwa bwino nthawi ya zolemba zowerengeka. Izi ndi theka, kotala, zolemba zisanu ndi zitatu zomwe zadziwika kwa inu kwa nthawi yayitali, kapena zazing'ono kuposa iwo - khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi, makumi atatu ndi ziwiri, ndi zina.

GAWO LA ODD (kapena ARBITRARY). - iyi ndi mfundo yomwe chiwerengero chonse kapena cholemba china chikhoza kugawidwa mu chiwerengero chilichonse cha zigawo: zitatu, zisanu, zisanu ndi zinayi kapena khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinayi, khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinayi kapena makumi awiri ndi ziwiri, ndi zina zotero.

“Gawani kapepala m’zigawo 22? Hm! Zikumveka ngati zosatheka, "mutha kuganiza. Komabe, tikukutsimikizirani kuti pali zitsanzo zambiri za magawano otere mu nyimbo. Mwachitsanzo, wolemba nyimbo wotchuka wa ku Poland Fryderyk Chopin ankakonda kwambiri kulowetsa "zinthu" zoterezi mu zidutswa zake za piyano. Apa titsegula nocturne yake yoyamba (onani kachigawo kakang'ono ka nyimbo pansipa). Ndipo tikuwona chiyani? Pa mzere woyamba pali gulu la zolemba 11, lachiwiri - la 22. Ndipo zitsanzo zambiri zoterezi sizingapezeke mu Chopin kokha, komanso mwa olemba ena ambiri.

Zithunzi za rhythmic za magawo osamvetseka

Zoonadi, "malamulo a nyimbo" amakulolani kugawa zolemba mu magawo khumi ndi asanu ndi anayi, ndi makumi awiri mphambu zisanu ndi zitatu, ndi makumi atatu ndi zisanu, komabe palinso "miyambo". Pali ziwerengero "zolakwika" zamtunduwu, zomwe mwa zina zonse ndizofala kwambiri, mayina ena adapatsidwa kwa iwo, ndipo tidzawasanthula pakali pano. Kotero, chirichonse chiri mu dongosolo.

ZOYESA - amapangidwa pogawa nthawi yayitali osati magawo awiri, koma atatu. Mwachitsanzo, kotala cholemba akhoza kugawidwa osati awiri eyiti, koma atatu, ndipo iwo, ndithudi, adzakhala mofulumira poyerekeza ndi eyiti. Momwemonso, cholemba cha theka chikhoza kugawidwa m'magawo atatu m'malo mwa awiri, ndi cholemba chonse kukhala zolemba zitatu.

Patatu katatu, monga lamulo, amasonkhanitsidwa mu zidutswa zitatu mu gulu limodzi pansi pamphepete imodzi ("denga"). Nambala yachitatu imayikidwa pamwamba kapena pansi, zomwe zimasonyeza njira yofanana yogawanitsa. Zolemba khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi za katatu zapangidwanso. Ndipo nthawi yokulirapo, ndiko kuti, kotala ndi theka, zomwe sizimalumikizidwa konse ndi m'mphepete, zimayikidwanso m'magulu atatu, mothandizidwa ndi mabatani apakati. Ndipo nambala yachitatu pankhaniyi ilinso yofunikira.

QUINTOLI - nthawi izi zimachitika pamene cholemba chagawidwa m'magawo asanu m'malo mwa anayi. Mwachitsanzo, kotala akhoza kugawidwa mu zolemba zinayi khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi, koma zimakhalanso kuti zikhoza kugawidwa kukhala zisanu. Monga - ndi theka: ikhoza kugawidwa mu magawo anayi asanu ndi atatu, kapena asanu ndi atatu a quintoles. Ndipo nthawi yonseyo ikhoza kugawidwa, motero, mu magawo asanu m'malo mwa anayi.

ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Mfundo yolembetsa zolemba zonse za magawo osamvetseka ndi yapadziko lonse lapansi. Zolemba zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi gulu pogwiritsa ntchito m'mphepete zimangolembedwa ndi nambala yomwe mukufuna pamwambapa kapena pansipa (quintoles - nambala yachisanu).

Ngati zolembazo zalembedwa padera (kota, theka kapena magawo asanu ndi atatu ofanana, koma ndi michira), gulu liyenera kuwonetsedwa ndi bulaketi lalikulu ndi nambala.

Matatu ndi ma quintuplets aatali osamvetseka mwina amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Kodi mukumvetsa mfundo ya magawano osamvetseka? Zabwino kwambiri! Tiyeni titchule zina zingapo zomwe oyimba amakumana nazo pafupipafupi.

EXTOL - kugawa zolemba m'magawo asanu ndi limodzi m'malo mwa zinayi. M'malo mwake, sextol imatha kupangidwa powonjezera katatu. Mwachitsanzo, kugawa kotala mu sikisi sikisitini m'malo anayi.

SEPTOL - kugawa zolemba m'magawo asanu ndi awiri m'malo mwa zisanu ndi zitatu kapena m'malo mwa zinayi. Choyamba, izi zidzachepetsedwa pang'ono nthawi, ndipo kachiwiri, m'malo mwake, zidzafulumizitsa.

НОВЕМОЛЬ - kugawa cholemba m'magawo asanu ndi anayi m'malo mwa eyiti. Chitsanzo: kugawa theka lautali m’manoti asanu ndi anayi m’malo mwa zisanu ndi zitatu.

DECIMOL - kugawa nthawiyo kukhala magawo khumi m'malo mwa eyiti. Tinene kuti eyiti eyiti nthawi zambiri imagwirizana ndi cholemba chonse, koma muthanso kukwanira khumi, ndiye kuti idzakhala yofulumira kuposa nthawi zonse.

Kugawa cholemba ndi dontho mu magawo awiri ndi anayi

Zochitika zochititsa chidwi za kugawa kwa nthawi "zolakwika" zimayamba pamene mukugawa zolemba ndi dontho, zomwe zimagawidwa mosavuta mu nthawi zitatu zofanana, mu magawo awiri kapena anayi. Mwa kuyankhula kwina: zomwe ziyenera kugawidwa mosavuta m'magawo atatu zimagawidwa muwiri kapena zinayi, zomwe zimapangitsanso kusokonezeka kwa rhythmic. Nkhani zotere zikuphatikizapo:

ZOCHITIKA - amapezedwa pamene cholemba chokhala ndi dontho chagawidwa m'magawo awiri. Mwachitsanzo, kotala yokhala ndi kadontho imagawidwa mosavuta kukhala magawo atatu mwa magawo asanu ndi atatu, koma omwe sakuyang'ana njira zosavuta amagawaniza pawiri.

Ma Duols, amamveka bwino kwambiri, olemera kuposa manotsi achisanu ndi chitatu. Dziweruzireni nokha: kotala yokhala ndi dontho, kunena pang'ono, imakhala masekondi ndi theka. Ngati simukumvetsa chifukwa chomwe ndatchulira masekondi apa konse, chonde werengani "Zizindikiro zomwe zimawonjezera nthawi ya zolemba". Tinakambirana kumeneko.

Kotero, kotala yokhala ndi dontho ndi masekondi ndi theka, yachisanu ndi chitatu mwachizolowezi ndi theka la sekondi, ndipo ndizomveka kugawa gawo latsokali mu magawo atatu achisanu ndi chitatu, koma timagawaniza awiri. Ndipo timapeza kuti chachisanu ndi chitatu chilichonse chikukulitsidwa, chimakhala ndi magawo atatu mwa sekondi imodzi (1,5/2 = 0,75 s).

Momwemonso, theka lokhala ndi dontho lingagawidwe osati magawo atatu abwinobwino, koma awiri akulu. Ndiye kuti, theka lathu lokhala ndi dontho ndi masekondi a 3, kotala wamba ndi 1 sekondi iliyonse, koma tili ndi theka ndi theka (3/2 u1,5d XNUMX s).

QUARTOLIS - nthawizi ngakhale zovutirapo kwambiri kuzindikira kusuntha zimafika kwa ife pomwe cholemba chokhala ndi dontho chigawikanso osati magawo atatu, koma anayi. Mwachitsanzo, kapepala kokhala ndi madontho kotala amagawidwa m'manotsi anayi achisanu ndi chitatu m'malo mwa atatu, kapena madontho a theka la madontho amagawidwa m'magawo anayi. Quartoli imaseweredwa mwachangu, yosavuta kuposa eyiti ndi kotala wamba.

Zochita Zolimbitsa Thupi Ndi Ma Triplets ndi Quintoles

Chilichonse chokhudzana ndi nyimbo chiyenera kuphunzitsidwa osati ndi malingaliro okha, komanso ndi khutu, ndiko kuti, nyimbo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake timayesetsa kukupatsirani zinthu zowuma zongowuma, komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi osavuta kwambiri kuti musaphunzire za mapatatu, komanso kumvera momwe zimamvekera.

ZOCHITA No. 1 «TRIOLI». Mapepala asanu ndi atatu omwe amapezeka nthawi zambiri mu nyimbo. Muzochita zomwe zikufunsidwa padzakhala nthawi zosiyanasiyana, tidzagwedezeka pang'onopang'ono. Muyeso woyamba padzakhala ngakhale kotala - kumenyedwa kwa yunifolomu kwa kugunda, ndiye wamba, ngakhale zisanu ndi zitatu zidzapitirira, ndipo muyeso wachitatu - katatu. Mudzawazindikira ndi magulu awo komanso nambala yachitatu mu chitsanzo cha nyimbo. Mvetserani zojambulira zachitsanzozo ndikuyesera kuzindikira kusiyana pakati pa kayimbidwe kameneka.

Yesetsani kuyimba kwa nthawi zosiyanasiyana payekhapayekha. Mwinamwake munamva mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kayendedwe ka khutu. Kodi mwamva kuti mapale atatuwa amamveka bwino? Amamva bwino kumenyedwa ngati "imodzi-ziwiri-zitatu, imodzi-ziwiri-zitatu", ndi zina zotero, cholemba choyamba cha katatu chimakhala chogwira ntchito pang'ono, champhamvu kuposa ziwiri zotsatirazi. Yesetsani kugunda nyimboyi, muyenera kukumbukira zomverera.

Zochita zina zofananira zokhala ndi mtundu wina wanyimbo.

ZOCHITA №2 "KUMVETSERA BEETHOVEN". Chimodzi mwa zidutswa zodziwika bwino za nyimbo zachikale padziko lapansi ndi Beethoven's Moonlight Sonata. Zikuoneka kuti gawo lake loyamba limakhala lodzaza ndi kayendedwe ka katatu. Tikukupemphani kuti mumvetsere kachidutswa koyambirira kwa gawo loyamba ndikutsatira kamvekedwe kachidutswacho ndi zolemba.

Ndiko kugwedezeka kwa bata mu nyimbo za Beethoven komwe kumapangitsa kuti munthu azitha kusinkhasinkha.

ZOCHITA №3 "KUMVETSERA TARANTELLA". Koma katatu amatha kumveka mosiyana kwambiri ndi chitsanzo chapitachi. Mwachitsanzo, pali kuvina kotereku kwa anthu aku Italy - tarantella. Mwachilengedwe, iye ndi wothamanga kwambiri, wamantha pang'ono komanso wotentha kwambiri. Ndipo kuti apange mawonekedwe otere, kusuntha kwachangu mu katatu kumayambitsidwa nthawi zambiri.

Mwachitsanzo, tikuwonetsani "Tarantella" yotchuka ndi Franz Liszt kuchokera ku "Zaka Zoyendayenda". Mutu wake waukulu umamangidwa pamayendedwe omveka bwino a katatu. Zidzakhala zachangu kwambiri, khalani tcheru!

ZOCHITA #4 "QUINTOLI". Zingakhale zovuta kuyika ting'onoting'ono zisanu mu gawo limodzi la nthawi, kukhala gawo limodzi nthawi imodzi. Ndizovuta, koma ziyenera kuphunzitsidwa. Muchitsanzo chomwe chili pansipa, padzakhala quintoles khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi, zomwe zimapezedwa ndikugawa kotala m'magawo asanu. Choyamba, ngakhale kotala amaperekedwa, ndiyeno rhythmic motsatana ndi asanu.

Mwa njira, m'mawu oimba a chitsanzo ichi, mudakumana ndi zizindikiro zakuthwa, zathyathyathya ndi bekar. Kodi mwayiwala kuti ndi chiyani? Ngati mwaiwala, mutha kubwereza APA.

ZOCHITA №5 "Subtext". Tikudziwa kuti ndizovuta kudziwa nyimbo ya quintoles nthawi yomweyo. Winawake amalephera kukhala ndi nthawi yosewera manotsi asanu mu nthawi yoperekedwa, kwa wina quintuplets imakhala yokhotakhota - yosagwirizana ndi nthawi. Kuti mukonze vutoli, tikukupatsani masewera olimbitsa thupi okhala ndi subtext.

Kodi subtext ndi chiyani? Apa m’pamene mawu ndi mawu okhala ndi kamvekedwe kofanana amasankhidwa ku nyimbo. Ndiyeno kamvekedwe ka mawu, kamene kamayenera kuyimbidwa kapena kumveka mokweza, kumathandiza kuti kamvekedwe ka nyimbo kamvekere bwino.

Tiyeni titenge ziwerengero zofananira za quintoles monga momwe zilili pamwambapa, ndikusankha mawu oyenera. Pano mukhoza kuganiza za chirichonse, chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti mawu kapena mawu ali ndi masilabu asanu okha, ndipo syllable yoyamba imatsindika. Mwachitsanzo, mawu oterowo ndi oyenera kwa ife: thambo ndi labuluu, dzuŵa limakhala lowala, nyanja imakhala yofunda, chilimwe ndi chotentha.

Kodi tiyese? Tiyeni titenge pang'onopang'ono. Noti iliyonse ili ndi syllable imodzi.

Mwachita bwino? Zabwino! Apa ndi pomwe tiyimilira pano. M'mawu otsatirawa, mupitiliza kukambirana za mbali zosiyanasiyana za nyimbo. Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza mutu wa nkhaniyi, lembani mu ndemanga.

Okondedwa, pamapeto, tikukupemphani kuti mumvetsere nyimbo zabwino: piyano Tarantella yolembedwa ndi Sergei Prokofiev kuchokera ku Ana a Nyimbo za Ana. Yesetsaninso kugwira ma incendiary rhythm of triplets mmenemo.