Kodi tonic mu nyimbo ndi chiyani? Ndipo pambali pa tonic, ndi chiyani chinanso chomwe chilipo?

Kodi tonic mu nyimbo ndi chiyani? Yankho lake ndi losavuta: zosangalatsa - ichi ndi sitepe yoyamba ya njira yayikulu kapena yaying'ono, phokoso lake lokhazikika, lomwe, ngati maginito, limakopa masitepe ena onse. Ziyenera kunenedwa kuti "masitepe ena onse" amachitanso chidwi.

Monga mukudziwira, masikelo akuluakulu ndi ang'onoang'ono ali ndi masitepe 7 okha, omwe m'dzina la mgwirizano wamba ayenera "kugwirizana" wina ndi mzake. Izi zimathandizidwa ndikugawanika kukhala: choyamba, masitepe okhazikika komanso osakhazikika; Chachiwiri, zazikulu ndi mbali magawo.

Masitepe okhazikika komanso osakhazikika

Madigiri okhazikika amtunduwu ndi oyamba, achitatu ndi achisanu (I, III, V), ndipo osakhazikika ndi chachiwiri, chachinayi, chachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi chachisanu ndi chiwiri (II, IV, VI, VII).

Masitepe osakhazikika nthawi zonse amakhala okhazikika. Mwachitsanzo, sitepe yachisanu ndi chiwiri ndi yachiwiri "ndikufuna" kupita ku sitepe yoyamba, yachiwiri ndi yachinayi - mpaka yachitatu, ndi yachinayi ndi yachisanu ndi chimodzi - mpaka yachisanu. Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani mphamvu yokoka ya maziko mu maziko mu C yaikulu:

Magawo akuluakulu ndi magawo am'mbali

Gawo lirilonse pamlingo limagwira ntchito inayake (udindo) ndipo limatchedwa mwanjira yake. Mwachitsanzo, mawu olamulira, otsogola, otsogola, etc. Pankhani imeneyi, mwachibadwa mafunso amabuka: "Kodi wolamulira ndi wotani?"

Wamkulu - iyi ndi digiri yachisanu ya mode, wolamulira – chachinayi. Tonic (I), subdominant (IV) ndi dominant (V) ndi njira zazikulu za nkhawa. N’chifukwa chiyani masitepewa amatchedwa kuti ndi ofunika kwambiri? Inde, chifukwa ndi pamasitepe awa pomwe ma triad amamangidwa omwe amadziwika bwino kwambiri ndi mtundu womwe wapatsidwa. Kwakukulu ndi zazikulu, zazing'ono ndi zazing'ono:

Inde, pali chifukwa chinanso chimene masitepewa amaonekera bwino ndi ena onse. Zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi machitidwe ena acoustic. Koma tsopano sitingapite mwatsatanetsatane wa physics. Ndikokwanira kudziwa kuti ndi pa masitepe I, IV ndi V kuti zozindikiritsa zamtundu wa triads zimamangidwa (ndiko kuti, maulendo atatu omwe amazindikira kapena kudziwa mawonekedwe - kaya ndi aakulu kapena ang'onoang'ono).

Ntchito za gawo lililonse lalikulu ndizosangalatsa kwambiri; zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi malingaliro a chitukuko cha nyimbo. Choncho, mu nyimbo ndi mzati waukulu, wonyamula muyeso, chizindikiro cha kukwanira, amawoneka mu mphindi zamtendere, komanso, pokhala sitepe yoyamba, amatsimikizira tonality yeniyeni, ndiko kuti, malo omveka a mode. - izi nthawi zonse zimachoka, kuthawa kwa tonic, mphindi yachitukuko, kusuntha kupita ku kusakhazikika kwakukulu. amawonetsa kusakhazikika kopitilira muyeso ndipo amatha kukhazikika kukhala tonic.

O, mwa njira, ine pafupifupi ndinayiwala. Ma tonic, olamulira komanso ocheperako mu manambala onse amawonetsedwa ndi zilembo zachilatini: T, D ndi S motsatana. Ngati fungulo ndi lalikulu, ndiye kuti zilembozi zimalembedwa m'malembo akuluakulu (T, S, D), koma ngati fungulo liri laling'ono, ndiye kuti m'malembo ang'onoang'ono (t,s,d).

Kuphatikiza pa masitepe akuluakulu, palinso masitepe apambali - awa ndi oyimira pakati ndi ma toni otsogolera. Oyimira pakati ndi masitepe apakatikati (pakati). Woyimira pakati ndi gawo lachitatu (lachitatu), lomwe ndi lapakati panjira yochokera ku tonic kupita kumphamvu. Palinso submediant - iyi ndi VI (yachisanu ndi chimodzi) siteji, ulalo wapakatikati panjira yochokera ku tonic kupita ku subdominant. Madigiri oyambira ndi omwe amazungulira tonic, ndiye kuti, lachisanu ndi chiwiri (VII) ndi lachiwiri (II).

Tiyeni tsopano tiyike masitepe onse pamodzi ndikuwona zomwe zimachokera. Zomwe zimatuluka ndi chithunzi chokongola chofananira chomwe chimangowonetsa modabwitsa ntchito za masitepe onse mu sikelo.

Tikuwona kuti pakati tili ndi tonic, m'mphepete: kumanja ndi kopambana, ndipo kumanzere ndi kopambana. Njira yochokera ku tonic kupita ku olamulira imadutsa pakati (pakati), ndipo pafupi kwambiri ndi tonic ndi njira zoyambira zozungulira.

Chabwino, chidziwitsocho, kunena mosamalitsa, ndichothandiza kwambiri komanso chofunikira (mwinamwake, osati kwa iwo omwe ali tsiku lawo loyamba mu nyimbo, koma kwa iwo omwe ali pa tsiku lachiwiri, ndikofunikira kale kukhala ndi chidziwitso chotere. ). Ngati chilichonse sichikumveka, musazengereze kufunsa. Mutha kulemba funso lanu mwachindunji mu ndemanga.

Ndiroleni ndikukumbutseni kuti lero mudaphunzira za tonic, zomwe zili zazikulu komanso zazikulu, ndipo tidasanthula njira zokhazikika komanso zosakhazikika. Pomaliza, mwina, ndikufuna kutsindika zimenezo masitepe akuluakulu ndi masitepe okhazikika sizili zofanana! Masitepe akuluakulu ndi I (T), IV (S) ndi V (D), ndipo masitepe okhazikika ndi masitepe I, III ndi V. Choncho chonde musasokonezeke!