Yakov Vladimirovich Flier |

Yakov Flier

Yakov Vladimirovich Flier anabadwira ku Orekhovo-Zuevo. Banja la woyimba piyano m'tsogolo linali kutali ndi nyimbo, ngakhale, monga momwe adakumbukira pambuyo pake, adakonda kwambiri m'nyumba. Bambo ake a Flier anali mmisiri wodzichepetsa, wokonza mawotchi, ndipo amayi ake anali mayi wapakhomo.

Yasha Flier adapanga masitepe ake oyamba muzojambula ngati wodziphunzitsa yekha. Popanda kuthandizidwa ndi aliyense, adaphunzira kutchera khutu, modziyimira pawokha kuti azindikire zovuta za nyimbo. Komabe, kenako mnyamatayo anayamba kupereka maphunziro limba kwa SERGEY Nikanorovich Korsakov - wopeka kwambiri, limba ndi mphunzitsi, anazindikira "nyimbo kuwala" Orekhovo-Zuev. Malinga ndi Flier's memoirs, njira yophunzitsira ya piano ya Korsakov idasiyanitsidwa ndi chiyambi china - sichinazindikire masikelo, kapena masewero olimbitsa thupi, kapena maphunziro apadera a zala.

• Piyano nyimbo mu sitolo Intaneti OZON.ru

Maphunziro a nyimbo ndi chitukuko cha ophunzira chinali chozikidwa pa luso komanso kufotokoza zinthu. Masewero ambiri osavuta a olemba mabuku aku Western Europe ndi Russia adaseweredwanso m'kalasi mwake, ndipo ndakatulo zawo zambiri zidawululidwa kwa oimba achichepere pakukambirana kosangalatsa ndi aphunzitsi. Izi, ndithudi, zinali ndi ubwino ndi kuipa kwake.

Komabe, kwa ophunzira ena, omwe ali ndi mphatso zambiri mwachilengedwe, kalembedwe kameneka ka Korsakov kunabweretsa zotsatira zabwino kwambiri. Yasha Flier nayenso anapita patsogolo mofulumira. Chaka ndi theka la maphunziro ozama - ndipo adayandikira kale a Mozart's sonatinas, zojambula zosavuta za Schumann, Grieg, Tchaikovsky.

Ali ndi zaka khumi ndi chimodzi, mwanayo adaloledwa ku Central Music School ku Moscow Conservatory, kumene GP Prokofiev anakhala mphunzitsi wake, ndipo patapita nthawi SA Kozlovsky. Mu Conservatory, kumene Yakov Flier analowa mu 1928, KN Igumnov anakhala mphunzitsi wake limba.

Akuti pazaka zake zamaphunziro, Flier sanawonekere kwambiri pakati pa ophunzira anzake. Zowona, adalankhula za iye mwaulemu, adapereka chiwongolero kuzinthu zake zowolowa manja komanso luso laukadaulo, koma ndi ochepa omwe akanaganiza kuti mnyamata watsitsi wakuda uyu - m'modzi mwa ambiri m'kalasi la Konstantin Nikolayevich - adayenera wojambula wotchuka m'tsogolomu.

Kumayambiriro kwa 1933, Flier anakambirana ndi Igumnov pulogalamu ya maphunziro ake omaliza maphunziro - m'miyezi ingapo anali kumaliza maphunziro a Conservatory. Analankhula za Concerto Yachitatu ya Rachmaninov. "Inde, mwangodzikuza," anatero Konstantin Nikolaevich. "Kodi mukudziwa kuti mbuye wamkulu yekha ndi amene angachite izi?!" Flier adayimilira, Igumnov anali wosasinthika: "Chitani momwe mukudziwira, phunzitsani zomwe mukufuna, koma chonde, malizani nokha," adamaliza kukambirana.

Ndinayenera kugwira ntchito pa Rachmaninov Concerto mwangozi yanga komanso pachiwopsezo, pafupifupi mobisa. M'chilimwe, Flier pafupifupi sanasiye chida. Anaphunzira mosangalala komanso mwachidwi, zomwe sankazidziwa kale. Ndipo mu kugwa, pambuyo maholide, pamene zitseko za Conservatory anatsegula kachiwiri, anakwanitsa kukopa Igumnov kumvetsera concerto Rachmaninov. "Chabwino, koma gawo loyamba ..." Konstantin Nikolayevich anavomera mokwiya, atakhala pansi kuti aperekeze piyano yachiwiri.

Flier amakumbukira kuti nthawi zambiri sankasangalala ngati pa tsiku losaiwalika. Igumnov anamvetsera mwakachetechete, osasokoneza masewerawo ndi ndemanga imodzi. Gawo loyamba lafika kumapeto. "Kodi mukusewerabe?" Mosatembenuza mutu, anafunsa mwachizungulire. Inde, m'nyengo yachilimwe anaphunzira mbali zonse za triptych ya Rachmaninov. Pamene nyimbo zamasamba zomaliza za nyimbo zomaliza zinkamveka, Igumnov anadzuka mwadzidzidzi pampando wake ndipo, osalankhula kalikonse, anatuluka m'kalasimo. Sanabwerenso kwa nthawi yayitali, nthawi yayitali kwambiri kwa Flier. Ndipo posakhalitsa nkhani zochititsa chidwi zidafalikira mozungulira malo osungiramo zinthu zakale: pulofesayo adawonedwa akulira pakona yachinsinsi ya khonde. Choncho anamukhudza ndiye Flierovskaya masewera.

Kufufuza komaliza kwa Flier kunachitika mu Januwale 1934. Mwamwambo, Nyumba ya Small ya Conservatory inali yodzaza ndi anthu. Nambala ya korona ya pulogalamu ya dipuloma ya woyimba piyano wachinyamatayo inali, monga momwe amayembekezera, concerto ya Rachmaninov. Kuchita bwino kwa Flier kunali kwakukulu, kwa ambiri mwa omwe analipo - osangalatsa kwambiri. Owona ndi maso amakumbukira kuti pamene mnyamatayo, atasiya kuyimba komaliza, adadzuka kuchokera ku chidacho, kwa mphindi zingapo phokoso lathunthu linalamulira pakati pa omvera. Kenako bata lija linatha ndi kuwomba m’manja kotereku, komwe sikunakumbukike apa. Ndiyeno, “pamene konsati ya Rachmaninoff imene inagwedeza holoyo inatha, pamene chirichonse chinakhala bata, bata ndipo omvetsera anayamba kulankhulana mwa iwo okha, mwadzidzidzi anazindikira kuti akulankhula monong’ona. Chinachake chachikulu ndi choopsa chinachitika, chimene holo yonseyo inachitira umboni. Omvera odziwa zambiri adakhala pano - ophunzira a Conservatory ndi maprofesa. Iwo anayankhula tsopano ndi mawu osamveka, akuwopa kuchita mantha ndi chisangalalo chawo. (Tess T. Yakov Flier // Izvestia. 1938. June 1.).

Konsati yomaliza maphunziroyi idapambana kwambiri kwa Flier. Ena adatsata; osati chimodzi, kapena ziwiri, koma mndandanda wa zipambano zabwino kwambiri pazaka zingapo. 1935 - mpikisano pa Second All-Union Competition of Performing Oimba ku Leningrad. Chaka chotsatira - kupambana pa International Competition ku Vienna (mphoto yoyamba). Ndiye Brussels (1938), mayeso ofunika kwambiri kwa woimba aliyense; Flier ali ndi mphotho yachitatu yolemekezeka pano. Kukweraku kunali kodabwitsadi - kuchokera pakuchita bwino pamayeso a Conservative mpaka kutchuka padziko lonse lapansi.

Flier tsopano ili ndi omvera ake, ambiri komanso odzipereka. "Flierists", monga momwe mafani a wojambula amatchulidwa m'zaka za m'ma XNUMX, adadzaza maholo m'masiku a zisudzo zake, adayankha mwachidwi ku luso lake. Kodi nchiyani chinalimbikitsa woimba wachinyamatayo?

Kukonda kwenikweni, kosowa kwa zochitika - choyamba. Kusewera kwa Flier kunali kotengeka mtima, njira zaphokoso, sewero lachisangalalo la nyimbo. Mosiyana ndi wina aliyense, iye anali wokhoza kukopa omvera ndi “kufulumira kwa manjenje, mawu akuthwa, okwera pomwepo, monga ngati mafunde aphokoso” (Alshwang A. Soviet Schools of Pianoism // Sov. Music. 1938. No. 10-11. P. 101.).

N’zoona kuti anafunikanso kukhala wosiyana, kuti agwirizane ndi zofunika zosiyanasiyana za ntchito zochitidwa. Ndipo komabe chikhalidwe chake choyaka moto chinali chogwirizana kwambiri ndi zomwe zidalembedwa muzolemba ndi mawu Furioso, Concitato, Eroico, con brio, con tutta Forza; kwawo kunali komwe fortissimo ndi kupsinjika kwamalingaliro kunkalamulira mu nyimbo. Panthawi zotere, adakopa omvera ndi mphamvu ya kupsa mtima kwake, ndi kutsimikiza mtima kosasunthika komanso koopsa adatsitsa omvera ku chifuniro chake chochita. Chifukwa chake "ndizovuta kukana wojambulayo, ngakhale kutanthauzira kwake sikukugwirizana ndi malingaliro omwe alipo" (Adzhemov K. Romantic Gift // Sov. Music. 1963. No. 3. P. 66.), akutero wotsutsa wina. Wina anati: “Wake (Fliera. Bambo C.) Kulankhula kokwezeka mwachikondi kumapeza mphamvu yapadera yachikoka panthawi yomwe imafuna kukangana kwakukulu kuchokera kwa wosewerayo. Wodzazidwa ndi ma oratorical pathos, amawonekera mwamphamvu kwambiri m'mabuku owopsa a kufotokozera. (Shlifshtein S. Soviet Laureates // Sov. Music. 1938. No. 6. P. 18.).

Nthawi zina changu chinkachititsa Flier kuchita zinthu zokwezeka. Mu frenzied accelerando, zinkakhala kuti lingaliro la gawo linatayika; Liwiro lodabwitsa lomwe woyimba piyano ankakonda silinamulole kuti "atchule" nyimbo zonse, zinamukakamiza "kuchepetsa" chiwerengero cha mfundo zomveka bwino " (Rabinovich D. Opambana atatu // Sov. Art. 1938. 26 April). Izo zinachitika kuti mdima nyimbo nsalu ndi monyanyira wochuluka pedalization. Igumnov, yemwe sanatope kubwereza kwa ophunzira ake kuti: "Malire a liwiro lachangu ndikutha kumva mawu aliwonse" (Milstein Ya. Performing and pedagogical principles of KN Igumnov // Masters of the Soviet pianistic school. – M., 1954. P. 62.), - mobwerezabwereza adalangiza Flier "kuchepetsa mkwiyo wake womwe nthawi zina umasefukira, zomwe zimatsogolera ku tempos yofulumira komanso nthawi zina kumveka mochulukira" (Igumnov K. Yakov Flier // Sov. Music. 1937. No. 10-11. P. 105.).

Zodziwika bwino za luso la Flier ngati wosewera zidakonzeratu mbiri yake. M'zaka za nkhondo isanayambe, chidwi chake chinali pa okondana (makamaka Liszt ndi Chopin); anasonyezanso chidwi kwambiri ndi Rachmaninov. Apa ndi pamene adapeza "udindo" wake weniweni; malinga ndi otsutsa a zaka makumi atatu, kutanthauzira kwa Flier kwa ntchito za olemba awa kunali ndi "chiwonetsero chachindunji, chachikulu chaluso" pagulu. (Rabinovich D. Gilels, Flier, Oborin // Music. 1937. Oct.). Komanso, makamaka ankakonda ziwanda, infernal Leaf; ngwazi, wolimba mtima Chopin; anakwiya kwambiri Rachmaninov.

Woyimba piyano anali pafupi osati ndi ndakatulo ndi dziko lophiphiritsa la olemba awa. Anachitanso chidwi ndi kalembedwe kawo kokongoletsa piyano - zovala zowoneka bwino zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, zokongoletsera za piyano, zomwe zimachokera m'zinthu zawo. Zopinga zaumisiri sizinamuvutitse kwambiri, ambiri a iwo adagonjetsa popanda khama lowoneka, mosavuta komanso mwachibadwa. “Njira zazikulu ndi zazing'ono za wowulutsa ndizodabwitsanso… Woyimba piyano wachinyamata wafika pamlingo wokoma mtima pomwe luso laukadaulo palokha likhala gwero laufulu waluso” (Kramskoy A. Art yomwe imakondweretsa // Soviet art. 1939. Jan. 25).

Nthawi yodziwika: ndizotheka kufotokozera njira ya Flier panthawiyo ngati "yosawoneka", kunena kuti adangopatsidwa ntchito yothandiza mu luso lake.

M'malo mwake, unali ukoma wolimba mtima komanso wolimba mtima, wonyadira poyera mphamvu zake pa zinthuzo, kuwala kowala mu bravura, kuchititsa zinsalu za piyano.

Akale a m'nyumba zamakonsati amakumbukira kuti, akutembenukira ku classics ali wamng'ono, wojambula, Willy-nilly, "adawakonda". Nthawi zina adanyozedwa: "Flier sasintha kwathunthu kukhala "dongosolo" lamalingaliro atsopano akamayimba ndi oimba osiyanasiyana" (Kramskoy A. Art yomwe imakondweretsa // Soviet art. 1939. Jan. 25). Tengani, mwachitsanzo, kutanthauzira kwake kwa Beethoven's Appasionata. Ndi zosangalatsa zonse zomwe woimba limba adabweretsa ku sonata, kutanthauzira kwake, malinga ndi anthu a m'nthawi yake, sikunagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati muyezo wa kalembedwe kameneka. Izi sizinachitike ndi Beethoven yekha. Ndipo Flier ankadziwa. N'zosadabwitsa kuti malo odzichepetsa kwambiri mu repertoire ake anali oimba monga Scarlatti, Haydn, Mozart. Bach adayimiridwa mu repertoire iyi, koma makamaka ndi makonzedwe ndi zolemba. Woyimba piyano sanatembenuke nthawi zambiri kwa Schubert, Brahms mwina. M'mawu amodzi, m'mabuku omwe njira zochititsa chidwi komanso zokopa, kuchuluka kwa pop, kupsa mtima kwamoto, kuwolowa manja kwakukulu kwamalingaliro kunakhala kokwanira kuti ntchitoyi ichitike, anali wotanthauzira modabwitsa; kumene kuwerengetsera koyenera kunali kofunikira, kusanthula kwaluntha ndi filosofi nthawi zina kunapezeka kuti sikunali kotalika chonchi. Ndipo kutsutsa mwamphamvu, kupereka msonkho kwa zomwe adachita, sikunali kofunika kuti tipewe mfundo imeneyi. "Zolephera za Flier zimangonena za kuchepa kodziwika bwino kwa zolinga zake zopanga. M'malo momangokulitsa nyimbo zake, kukulitsa luso lake ndikulowa mozama mu masitayelo osiyanasiyana, ndipo Flier ali ndi zambiri kuposa wina aliyense woti achite izi, amadzipatula ku machitidwe owala kwambiri komanso amphamvu, koma osasangalatsa. (M'bwalo lamasewera amanena kuti wojambulayo samasewera, koma iyemwini) " (Grigoriev A. Ya. Flier // Soviet Art. 1937. 29 Sept.). "Pakadali pano, pakuchita kwa Flier, nthawi zambiri timamva kuchuluka kwa talente yake ya piyano, m'malo mokhala ndi malingaliro ozama, odzaza ndi filosofi" (Kramskoy A. Art yomwe imakondweretsa // Soviet art. 1939. Jan. 25).

Mwinamwake chitsutsocho chinali cholondola ndi cholakwika. Ufulu, kulimbikitsa kukulitsidwa kwa nyimbo za Flier, kukulitsa maiko atsopano oyimba piyano, kuti apititse patsogolo luso lake laukadaulo ndi ndakatulo. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, iye sali wolondola kotheratu m’kuimba mlandu mnyamatayo kaamba ka kusakwanira “mulingo wa kulingalira kozama, kotheratu kwa filosofi.” Owunikira adaganizira zambiri - komanso mawonekedwe aukadaulo, zokonda zaluso, komanso mawonekedwe a repertoire. Kuyiwala nthawi zina za msinkhu, zochitika pamoyo ndi chikhalidwe cha munthu payekha. Sikuti aliyense amayenera kubadwa wanzeru; munthu payekha nthawi zonse more kanthu ndi opanda chinachake.

Mawonekedwe a machitidwe a Flier angakhale osakwanira popanda kutchula chinthu chimodzi. Woyimba piyano adatha m'matanthauzidwe ake kuti aganizire kwambiri pa chithunzi chapakati cha zolembazo, popanda kusokonezedwa ndi zinthu zachiwiri, zachiwiri; adatha kuwulula ndi mthunzi mumpumulo kudzera mukukula kwa chithunzichi. Monga lamulo, kutanthauzira kwake kwa zidutswa za piyano kumafanana ndi zithunzi zomveka, zomwe zinkawoneka kuti omvera amaziwona kutali; izi zidapangitsa kuti zitheke kuwona bwino "patsogolo", kumvetsetsa momveka bwino chinthu chachikulu. Igumnov nthawi zonse ankakonda: "Flier," analemba, "akufuna, choyamba, kukhulupirika, organicity wa ntchito anachita. Iye ali ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi mzere wamba, amayesa kuyika tsatanetsatane wonse ku chiwonetsero chamoyo chomwe chikuwoneka ngati chofunikira kwambiri cha ntchitoyo. Choncho, iye safuna kufotokoza mfundo iliyonse yofanana kapena kutchula zina mwa mfundozo n’kuwononga zonse.

... Chinthu chowala kwambiri, - Konstantin Nikolayevich adamaliza kuti, - Luso la Flier limawonekera akamavala zinsalu zazikulu ... Amachita bwino pazidutswa zamanyimbo komanso zaukadaulo, koma amaseweretsa mazurka a Chopin ndipo amatsitsa mphamvu kuposa momwe akanatha! Apa mukufunikira filigree, kumaliza zodzikongoletsera, zomwe sizili pafupi ndi chikhalidwe cha Flier ndi zomwe akufunikirabe kukula. (Igumnov K. Yakov Flier // Sov. Music. 1937. No. 10-11. P. 104.).

Zowonadi, ntchito zazikuluzikulu za piyano zidapanga maziko a nyimbo za Flier. Titha kutchula osachepera A-major concerto ndi Liszt's sonatas, Schumann's Fantasy ndi Chopin's B-flat minor sonata, Mussorgsky's Beethoven's "Appassionata" ndi "Zithunzi pa Chiwonetsero", mitundu yayikulu ya cyclic ya Ravel, Khachaturian, Prokofikovsky, T. , Rachmaninov ndi olemba ena. Zoimbaimba zoterezi, ndithudi, sizinangochitika mwangozi. Zofunikira zenizeni zoperekedwa ndi nyimbo zamitundu yayikulu zimayenderana ndi zinthu zambiri za mphatso zachilengedwe komanso luso laukadaulo la Flier. Munali m'mawu omveka bwino omwe mphamvu za mphatsoyi zidawululidwa momveka bwino (kutentha kwa mphepo yamkuntho, ufulu wa kupuma movutikira, kufalikira kosiyanasiyana), ndipo ... zocheperako zidabisika (Igumnov adazitchula pokhudzana ndi tinthu tating'ono ta Chopin).

Mwachidule, tikugogomezera: kupambana kwa mbuye wamng'onoyo kunali kolimba chifukwa adapindula kuchokera ku misa, omvera otchuka omwe adadzaza nyumba za konsati m'zaka za makumi awiri ndi makumi atatu. Anthu wamba adachita chidwi kwambiri ndi zomwe Flier adachita, chidwi komanso kulimba mtima kwamasewera ake, luso lake laluso losiyanasiyana, zinali pamtima. "Uyu ndi woyimba piyano," GG Neuhaus analemba panthawiyo, "akuyankhula ndi anthu ambiri m'chinenero choyimba, champhamvu, chokhutiritsa, chomveka ngakhale kwa munthu amene sakudziwa zambiri pa nyimbo" (Neigauz GG Kupambana kwa oimba aku Soviet // Koms. Pravda 1938. June 1.).

…Ndipo mwadzidzidzi vuto linadza. Chakumapeto kwa 1945, Flier anayamba kuona kuti dzanja lake lamanja silili bwino. Zowoneka zofooka, kutayika kwa ntchito ndi luso la chimodzi mwa zala. Madokotala anataya mtima, ndipo panthaŵiyi, dzanja linali kuipiraipirabe. Poyamba, woimba piyano anayesa kunyenga ndi chala. Kenako anayamba kusiya zidutswa za piyano zosapiririka. Mbiri yake inachepetsedwa mofulumira, chiwerengero cha zisudzo chinachepetsedwa kwambiri. Pofika m'chaka cha 1948, Flier nthawi zina amatenga nawo mbali m'makonsati otseguka, ndipo ngakhale makamaka m'mausiku amagulu amagulu. Akuwoneka kuti akuzimiririka mumthunzi, osayang'ana okonda nyimbo ...

Koma Flier-teacher amadzinenera mokweza komanso mokweza zaka izi. Atakakamizika kusiya siteji ya konsati, adadzipereka kwathunthu pakuphunzitsa. Ndipo mwamsanga anapita patsogolo; pakati pa ophunzira ake anali B. Davidovich, L. Vlasenko, S. Alumyan, V. Postnikova, V. Kamyshov, M. Pletnev… Flier anali munthu wodziwika bwino mu maphunziro a piyano aku Soviet. Kudziwana, ngakhale kwachidule, ndi malingaliro ake pa maphunziro a oimba achichepere, mosakayikira, kumakhala kosangalatsa komanso kophunzitsa.

“… Chinthu chachikulu,” anatero Yakov Vladimirovich, “ndicho kuthandiza wophunzirayo kumvetsa molondola ndi mozama momwe angathere chimene chimatchedwa cholinga chachikulu chandakatulo (lingaliro) la nyimboyo. Pakuti kokha kuchokera ku kumvetsa zambiri za malingaliro ambiri a ndakatulo ndondomeko yopangira nyimbo zamtsogolo imapangidwa. Komanso, sizinali zokwanira kwa Flier kuti wophunzirayo amvetse wolembayo muzochitika zina komanso zenizeni. Anafuna zambiri - kumvetsetsa kalembedwe m'njira zake zonse zoyambira. "Ndizololedwa kutenga zida zaluso zamabuku a piyano pokhapokha mutadziwa luso la woyimba yemwe adapanga lusoli" (Mawu a Ya. V. Flier agwidwa kuchokera m'zolemba za zokambirana ndi iye ndi wolemba nkhaniyo.).

Nkhani zokhudzana ndi masitayilo osiyanasiyana zidatenga malo akulu pantchito ya Flier ndi ophunzira. Zambiri zanenedwa ponena za iwo, ndipo zasanthulidwa mozama. M'kalasi, mwachitsanzo, wina akhoza kumva mawu otere: "Chabwino, sizoyipa, koma mwina "mukusokoneza" wolemba uyu. (Chidzudzulo kwa woimba piyano wachichepere amene anagwiritsira ntchito njira zomvekera moŵala mopambanitsa pomasulira imodzi ya sonatas ya Mozart.) Kapena: “Musadzionetsere mopambanitsa nyonga yanu. Komabe, ameneyu si Liszt” (mogwirizana ndi mawu a Brahms akuti “Variations on a Theme of Paganini”). Pomvetsera sewero kwa nthawi yoyamba, Flier nthawi zambiri sankasokoneza woimbayo, koma ankamulola kuti alankhule mpaka mapeto. Kwa pulofesayo, mitundu ya stylistic inali yofunika; pounika chithunzi chonse cha mawuwo, adatsimikiza kuchuluka kwa kudalirika kwake, chowonadi chaluso.

Flier anali wosalolera mwachipongwe komanso chipwirikiti pakuchita, ngakhale zonsezi "zidasangalatsidwa" ndi zomwe zidachitika mwachindunji komanso mwamphamvu. Ophunzira adaleredwa ndi iye pakuzindikira kopanda malire kwa kufuna kwa wolemba. "Wolembayo ayenera kudaliridwa kuposa aliyense wa ife," sanatope kulimbikitsa achinyamata. “Bwanji simukhulupirira wolembayo, pamaziko otani?” - adadzudzula, mwachitsanzo, wophunzira yemwe adasintha mosaganizira dongosolo lochita zomwe adazipanga yekha. Ndi obwera kumene m'kalasi mwake, Flier nthawi zina ankafufuza bwinobwino malembawo: monga ngati kuti kudzera mu galasi lokulitsa, mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono a nsalu zomveka za ntchitoyo anafufuzidwa, ndemanga zonse za wolembayo ndi mayina ake zinamveka. "Dzolowerani kutengera kuchuluka kwa malangizo ndi zokhumba za wolembayo, kuchokera pamikwingwirima ndi ma nuances onse omwe adawakhazikitsa m'zolemba," adaphunzitsa. "Achinyamata, mwatsoka, nthawi zonse samayang'anitsitsa malembawo. Nthawi zambiri mumamvetsera woimba piyano wamng'ono ndikuwona kuti sanazindikire zinthu zonse za chidutswacho, ndipo sanaganizirepo zambiri zomwe wolembayo analemba. Nthawi zina, ndithudi, woyimba piyano amangosowa luso, koma nthawi zambiri izi zimakhala chifukwa cha kuphunzira kosakwanira kwa ntchitoyo.

"Inde," anapitiriza Yakov Vladimirovich, "chiwembu chotanthauzira, ngakhale chovomerezedwa ndi wolemba mwiniwakeyo, sichinthu chosasinthika, chosagonjetsedwa ndi kusintha kwina kwa wojambula. M'malo mwake, mwayi (kuphatikizanso, kufunikira!) Kufotokozera ndakatulo zamkati "Ine" kupyolera mu maganizo a ntchito ndi chimodzi mwa zinsinsi zochititsa chidwi za ntchito. Remarque - kufotokoza kwa chifuniro cha wolemba - ndikofunika kwambiri kwa womasulira, koma si chiphunzitsonso. Komabe, mphunzitsi wa Flier adapitilira izi: "Choyamba, chitani, momwe mungathere, zomwe wolemba akufuna, kenako ... Kenako tiwona."

Atakhazikitsa ntchito yochitira wophunzirayo, Flier sanaganizire konse kuti ntchito zake monga mphunzitsi zidatha. M’malo mwake, nthaŵi yomweyo anafotokoza njira zothetsera vutoli. Monga ulamuliro, pomwepo, pomwepo, iye anayesa ndi fingering, delved mu akamanena za zofunika galimoto njira ndi chala zomverera, anayesa njira zosiyanasiyana ndi pedaling, etc. Ndiye iye mwachidule maganizo ake mu mawonekedwe a malangizo enieni ndi malangizo. . “Ndikuganiza kuti m’zaphunziro munthu sangangofotokoza yekha kwa wophunzira kuti amafunikira kuti apange cholinga, titero kunena kwake. Kodi ndiyenera kuchita momwe kuti akwaniritse zomwe akufuna - mphunzitsi ayeneranso kuwonetsa izi. Makamaka ngati ali woimba piyano wodziwa zambiri ... "

Chochititsa chidwi mosakayika ndi malingaliro a Flier okhudza momwe nyimbo zatsopano ziyenera kugwiritsidwira ntchito komanso motsatizana. “Kusadziŵa zambiri kwa oimba piyano achichepere kaŵirikaŵiri kumawakankhira ku njira yolakwika,” iye anatero. , kudziŵa bwino lomwe malembawo. Pakalipano, chinthu chothandiza kwambiri pa chitukuko cha luntha la nyimbo ndikutsata mosamalitsa malingaliro a chitukuko cha lingaliro la wolemba, kumvetsetsa kapangidwe ka ntchitoyo. Makamaka ngati ntchitoyi "yapangidwa" osati ..."

Choncho, poyamba ndikofunika kuphimba sewero lonse. Ikhale masewera oyandikira kuwerenga kuchokera papepala, ngakhale zambiri mwaukadaulo sizimatuluka. Momwemonso, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana chinsalu cha nyimbo ndi kuyang'ana kamodzi, kuyesa, monga Flier adanena, "kugwa m'chikondi" nacho. Kenako yambani kuphunzira "muzidutswa", ntchito yatsatanetsatane yomwe ili kale gawo lachiwiri.

Kuyika "chidziwitso" chake chokhudzana ndi zolakwika zina pakuchita kwa ophunzira, Yakov Vladimirovich nthawi zonse ankamveka bwino kwambiri m'mawu ake; zonena zake zinali zosiyanitsidwa ndi kukhazikika ndi kutsimikizika, zinali zolunjika ku chandamale. M’kalasi, makamaka akamaphunzira ndi ana asukulu, Flier nthawi zambiri ankalankhula momasuka kwambiri. Kwa zaka zambiri kumabwera kumvetsetsa kwathunthu. Nthawi zina mawu awiri kapena atatu, kapena lingaliro chabe, amakhala okwanira ... ”Nthawi yomweyo, kuwulula malingaliro ake, Flier adadziwa momwe amafotokozera komanso amakonda kupeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mawu. Zolankhula zake zinakonkhedwa ndi mawu osayembekezereka ndi ophiphiritsa, mafananidwe anzeru, mafanizo ochititsa chidwi. "Apa uyenera kusuntha ngati somnambulist ..." (za nyimbo zodzaza ndi malingaliro osokonezeka komanso dzanzi). "Sewerani, chonde, pamalo ano ndi zala zopanda kanthu" (zankhani yomwe iyenera kuchitidwa leggierissimo). "Pano ndikufuna mafuta pang'ono munyimbo" (malangizo kwa wophunzira amene cantilena amamveka youma ndi kuzimiririka). “Kumvako kumangofanana ngati kuti china chake chagwedezeka m’manja” (ponena za kamvekedwe ka mawu mu zidutswa za “Mephisto-Waltz” ya Liszt). Kapena, potsirizira pake, tanthauzo: "Sikofunikira kuti malingaliro onse atuluke - siyani china chake mkati ..."

Makhalidwe: Pambuyo pokonza bwino kwa Flier, chidutswa chilichonse chomwe chinapangidwa molimba komanso momveka bwino ndi wophunzira chidapeza chidwi chapadera cha piyano komanso kukongola komwe sikunali kodziwika kale. Iye anali mbuye wosapambana wobweretsa luso ku masewera a ophunzira. "Ntchito ya wophunzira imakhala yotopetsa m'kalasi - idzawoneka yotopetsa kwambiri," adatero Yakov Vladimirovich. Choncho, ntchito mu phunziro, iye ankakhulupirira, ayenera kukhala pafupi kwambiri ndi konsati, kukhala ngati siteji pawiri. Ndiko kuti, ngakhale pasadakhale, muzochitika za labotale, ndikofunikira kulimbikitsa khalidwe lofunika monga luso la woimba piyano wamng'ono. Apo ayi, mphunzitsi, pokonzekera ntchito yapagulu ya chiweto chake, adzatha kudalira mwachisawawa.

Chinthu chinanso. Si chinsinsi kuti omvera aliyense amasangalatsidwa nthawi zonse ndi kulimba mtima kwa woimba pa siteji. Pamwambowu, Flier adanena izi: "Pokhala pa kiyibodi, munthu sayenera kuchita mantha kuyika pachiwopsezo - makamaka m'zaka zachinyamata. Ndikofunikira kukhala olimba mtima mwa inu nokha. Komanso, mphindi yokha yamaganizo ikadali yobisika apa: pamene munthu ali wochenjera kwambiri, mochenjera amayandikira malo ovuta, "achinyengo" amalumpha, ndi zina zotero, malo ovuta awa, monga lamulo, samatuluka, amasweka. …”Izi ndi—mwachiganizo. M'malo mwake, palibe chomwe chinalimbikitsa ophunzira a Flier kuti ayambe kuchita zinthu mopanda mantha monga kuseweretsa kwa aphunzitsi awo, omwe amadziwika bwino kwa iwo.

... M'dzinja la 1959, mosayembekezereka kwa ambiri, zikwangwani zinalengeza za kubwerera kwa Flier ku siteji yaikulu ya konsati. Kumbuyo kunali opareshoni yovuta, miyezi yayitali yobwezeretsanso luso la piyano, kulowa mu mawonekedwe. Apanso, patapita zaka zoposa khumi, Flier amatsogolera moyo wa woimba mlendo: amasewera m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana ya USSR, amapita kunja. Amamuombera m'manja, moni mwansangala komanso mwachikondi. Monga wojambula, nthawi zambiri amakhala wowona kwa iyemwini. Pazonsezi, mbuye wina, Flier wina, adabwera m'moyo wa konsati yazaka sikisite ...

"Kwa zaka zambiri, mumayamba kuzindikira zaluso mwanjira ina, izi sizingalephereke," adatero m'zaka zake zakuchepa. "Mawonedwe a nyimbo amasintha, malingaliro awo okongola amasintha. Zambiri zimaperekedwa mosiyana ndi zomwe zili muunyamata ... Mwachibadwa, masewerawa amakhala osiyana. Izi, ndithudi, sizikutanthauza kuti chirichonse tsopano chikukhala chosangalatsa kwambiri kuposa kale. Mwinamwake chinachake chinamveka chosangalatsa kwambiri m'zaka zoyambirira chabe. Koma zoona zake n'zakuti - masewerawa amakhala osiyana ... "

Zowonadi, omvera adazindikira nthawi yomweyo momwe zojambulajambula za Flier zidasinthira. Mu maonekedwe ake pa siteji, kuya kwakukulu, ndende yamkati inawonekera. Anakhala wodekha komanso wokhazikika kumbuyo kwa chida; motero, odziletsa kwambiri powonetsa malingaliro. Kupsa mtima ndi kukopa kwa ndakatulo zinayamba kulamulidwa ndi iye.

Mwina machitidwe ake adachepa pang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha kudzidzimutsa komwe adakopa anthu omvera nkhondo isanayambe. Koma kukokomeza maganizo koonekeratu kwachepanso. Onse mawomba a sonic ndi kuphulika kwa chiphala chamoto chakumapeto sikunali kodzidzimutsa ndi iye monga kale; wina anaganiza kuti tsopano anaganiziridwa bwino, okonzeka, opukutidwa.

Izi zidamveka makamaka pakutanthauzira kwa Flier kwa "Choreographic Waltz" ya Ravel (mwa njira, adapanga makonzedwe a limba iyi). Zinadziwikanso mu Fantasia ndi Fugue ya Bach-Liszt mu G minor, Mozart's C minor sonata, Beethoven's Seventh Sonata, Schumann's Symphonic Etudes, Chopin's scherzos, mazurkas ndi nocturnes, Brahms's B ​​yaying'ono yoyimbanso nyimbo zina. Zaka zaposachedwapa.

Kulikonse, ndi mphamvu yapadera, mphamvu yake yowonjezereka ya chiwerengero, gawo lazojambula la ntchitoyo, linayamba kudziwonetsera. Panali kukhwima, nthawi zina ngakhale kudziletsa pang'ono pakugwiritsa ntchito njira zamitundumitundu komanso zowoneka bwino.

Chotsatira chokongola cha chisinthiko ichi chinali kukulitsa kwapadera kwa zithunzi zandakatulo mu Flier. Yafika nthawi yoti kugwirizana kwamkati kwa malingaliro ndi mawonekedwe awo awonetsedwe.

Ayi, Flier sanasinthe kukhala "wophunzira", sanasinthe luso lake. Mpaka masiku ake otsiriza, iye ankaimba pansi wokondedwa ndi pafupi naye mbendera ya romanticism. Kukondana kwake kunangokhala kosiyana: wokhwima, wozama, wolemetsedwa ndi moyo wautali komanso luso lopanga ...

G. Tsypin