Mbiri ya batani accordion

Anthu onse padziko lapansi ali ndi zida zawozawo. Kwa anthu aku Russia, batani la accordion limatha kuonedwa ngati chida chotere. Analandira kugawidwa kwapadera kumadera akumidzi aku Russia, kumene, mwina, palibe chochitika chimodzi, kaya ndi ukwati, kapena zikondwerero zilizonse zamtundu uliwonse, sangachite popanda izo.

Komabe, anthu ochepa amadziwa kuti kholo la wokondedwa batani accordion, chidakhala chida choimbira chakum'mawa "sheng". Maziko ochotsa phokoso lomwe, monga mu batani la accordion, linali mfundo ya bango. Ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti zaka zoposa 2000-3000 zapitazo zinawonekera ndikuyamba kufalikira ku China, Burma, Laos ndi Tibet. Sheng anali thupi lokhala ndi machubu ansungwi m’mbali mwake, mkati mwake munali malilime amkuwa. Ku Russia Yakale, sheng adawonekera limodzi ndi kuwukira kwa Tatar-Mongol. Kuyambira pano idayamba kufalikira ku Europe konse.

Ambuye ambiri anali ndi dzanja popanga batani la accordion momwe timazolowera kuziwona nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Mu 1787, mbuye wochokera ku Czech Republic F. Kirchner adaganiza zopanga chida choimbira, pomwe phokosolo likhoza kuwoneka chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwa mbale yachitsulo mumtambo wa mpweya, womwe unaponyedwa ndi chipinda chaubweya chapadera. Kirchner adapanganso zitsanzo zoyambirira za chida chake. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m’ma 19, Mjeremani F. Bushman anapanga njira yosinthira ziwalo zimene ankatumikira. M'zaka za m'ma 2 ku Vienna, munthu wa ku Austria wokhala ndi mizu yaku Armenian K. Demian, potengera zomwe Bushman adapanga ngati maziko ndikuzisintha, adatulutsa chithunzi choyamba cha batani la accordion. Chida cha Demian chinali ndi makiyibodi awiri odziyimira pawokha okhala ndi mvuto pakati pawo. Makiyi a kiyibodi yakumanja anali oimba nyimbo, makiyi akumanzere anali a bass. Zida zoimbira zofanana (harmonics) zinabweretsedwa ku Ufumu wa Russia mu theka loyamba la zaka za m'ma 19, kumene zinatchuka kwambiri ndi kufalitsa. M'dziko lathu, zokambirana zidayamba kupangidwa mwachangu, komanso mafakitale onse opanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya harmonicas.

Mu 1830, m'chigawo cha Tula, pa chimodzi mwa ziwonetsero, katswiri wowombera mfuti I. Sizov adagula chida choimbira chachilendo chachilendo - harmonica. Malingaliro aku Russia ofuna kudziwa sanathe kukana kusokoneza chidacho ndikuwona momwe chimagwirira ntchito. Powona mapangidwe ophweka kwambiri, I. Sizov adaganiza zosonkhanitsa nyimbo yake ya chida choimbira, chomwe chimatchedwa "accordion".

Tula amateur accordion player N. Beloborodov adaganiza zopanga chida chake chokhala ndi mwayi wambiri woimba poyerekeza ndi accordion. Maloto ake anakwaniritsidwa mu 1871, pamene iye pamodzi ndi mbuye P. Chulkov anapanga accordion ya mizere iwiri. Accordion inakhala mizere itatu mu 1891, chifukwa cha mbuye wochokera ku Germany G. Mirwald. Pambuyo pa zaka 6, P. Chulkov anapereka chida chake kwa anthu ndi oimba, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti alandire nyimbo zokonzeka ndi makina amodzi a kiyi. Nthawi zonse kusintha ndi kusintha, accordion pang'onopang'ono anakhala accordion. Mu 1907, woimba Orlansky-Titorenko analamula mbuye P. Sterligov kupanga zovuta mizere inayi zoimbira chida. Chidacho chinatchedwa "batani accordion" polemekeza wolemba nkhani wa nthano zakale zaku Russia. Bayan adachita bwino pambuyo pazaka makumi awiri. P. Sterligov amalenga chida ndi elective system ili kumanzere kiyibodi.

M'dziko lamakono, batani la accordion lakhala chida choimbira chapadziko lonse lapansi. Akamayimba, woyimba amatha kuyimba nyimbo zachikale komanso nyimbo zachikale zolembedwa kwa iye.