Nthabwala mu nyimbo zachikale

Nyimbo ndi luso lapadziko lonse; imatha kuwonetsa zochitika zonse zomwe zilipo padziko lapansi, kuphatikiza zovuta kuzifotokoza za nthabwala. Kuseketsa mu nyimbo kumatha kulumikizidwa ndi mawu azithunzi - mu opera, operetta, chikondi, koma zida zilizonse zitha kudzazidwa nazo.

Zidule zazing'ono za olemba nyimbo zazikulu

Pali njira zambiri zofotokozera nyimbo kuti mupange zoseketsa:

• zolemba zabodza zomwe zidalowetsedwa mwadala munsalu yanyimbo;
• kupuma kopanda chifukwa;
• kuwonjezeka kosayenera kapena kuchepa kwa sonority;
• kuphatikizika mu nyimbo zoimbira za zinthu zosiyana kwambiri zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi zinthu zazikulu;
• kutsanzira mawu omveka bwino;
• zomveka ndi zina zambiri.

Kuonjezera apo, nyimbo zomwe zimakhala ndi khalidwe lachisangalalo ndi lachisangalalo, zonyansa kapena zosewerera zimatha kuphatikizidwa mosavuta m'gulu la zoseketsa, chifukwa chakuti lingaliro la "nthabwala" m'lingaliro lalikulu ndilo zonse zomwe zimayambitsa chisangalalo. Izi, mwachitsanzo, "A Little Night Serenade" yolembedwa ndi W. Mozart.

W. Mozart "Little Night Serenade"

Mitundu yonse imakhala ndi nthabwala

Zoseketsa mu nyimbo zimakhala ndi nkhope zambiri. Zopanda vuto nthabwala, nthabwala, zonyansa, zonyoza sinthani kukhala pansi pa cholembera cha wolemba. Pali olemera mtundu wanyimbo zosiyanasiyana ntchito zoimbira zokhudzana nthabwala: etc. Pafupifupi aliyense classical symphony ndi sonata olembedwa kuyambira nthawi ya L. Beethoven ali ndi "scherzo" (kawirikawiri gulu lachitatu). Nthawi zambiri imakhala yodzaza ndi mphamvu komanso kuyenda, nthabwala zabwino ndipo imatha kupangitsa omvera kukhala ndi malingaliro abwino.

Pali zitsanzo zodziwika za scherzo ngati chidutswa chodziyimira pawokha. Zosangalatsa mu nyimbo zimaperekedwa momveka bwino mu scherzino ya MP Mussorgsky. Seweroli limatchedwa "Ballet of the Unhatched Chicks". M’nyimbozo, munthu angamve kutsanzira kulira kwa mbalame, kukupiza kwa mapiko ang’onoang’ono, ndi kulumpha kosokonekera kumasonyezedwa. Chowonjezera chazithunzithunzi chimapangidwa ndi nyimbo yovina yosalala, yopangidwa momveka bwino (gawo lapakati ndi atatu), lomwe limamveka motsutsana ndi kumbuyo kwa ma trill akunyezimira mu kaundula wapamwamba.

MP Mussorgsky. Ballet of the Unhatched Chicks

kuchokera pamutu wakuti “Zithunzi pa Chiwonetsero”

Nthabwala ndizofala kwambiri mu nyimbo zachikale za oimba achi Russia. Ndikokwanira kutchula mtundu wa zisudzo, zomwe zimadziwika mu nyimbo zaku Russia kuyambira m'zaka za zana la 18. Kwa ngwazi zanthabwala mu opera classics, pali njira zodziwika bwino za nyimbo:

• secco yobwereza ("yowuma");
• zojambula zojambula;
• kuphweka mwadala kwa melodic pattern;
• kubwereza kangapo kwa mawu oyimba ndi a harmonic.

Zonsezi zili mu Rondo yokongola kwambiri ya Farlaf, yolembedwa ngati buffoon bass (nyimbo ya MI Glinka "Ruslan ndi Lyudmila").

MI Glinka. Rondo Farlafa kuchokera ku opera "Ruslan ndi Lyudmila"

Kuseketsa kosatha

Zoseketsa mu nyimbo zachikale sizimasowa, ndipo masiku ano zimamveka zatsopano, zojambulidwa ndi nyimbo zatsopano zopezeka ndi olemba amakono. RK Shchedrin adalemba sewero la "Humoresque," ​​lomangidwa pa zokambirana zanzeru, zozembera, "kupanga" zoyipa zamtundu wina, zolimba komanso zolimba. Pamapeto pake, ma antics osalekeza ndi kunyozedwa amatha pansi pa phokoso lakuthwa, "mopanda chipiriro" chomaliza chomaliza.

RK Shchedrin Humoreska

Umboni, chisangalalo, chiyembekezo, kunyozedwa, kufotokoza ndi khalidwe la chikhalidwe ndi nyimbo za SS Prokofiev. Sewero lake la sewero la "Chikondi cha Malalanje Atatu" likuwoneka kuti limayang'ana nthabwala zonse zomwe zilipo kuyambira nthabwala zopanda vuto mpaka nthabwala, zonyansa komanso zonyoza.

Zidutswa za opera "Chikondi cha Malalanje Atatu"

Palibe chomwe chingasangalatse kalonga wachisoni mpaka atapeza malalanje atatu. Izi zimafuna kulimba mtima ndi kufuna kuchokera kwa ngwazi. Pambuyo pa zochitika zambiri zoseketsa zomwe zidachitika ndi Kalonga, ngwazi yokhwima imapeza Princess Ninetta mu imodzi mwa malalanje ndikumupulumutsa ku zoyipa zoyipa. Kumaliza kopambana, kosangalatsa kumamaliza opera.