Invoice |

lat. factura - kupanga, kukonza, kapangidwe, kuchokera ku facio - ndimachita, ndimachita, ndimapanga; German Faktur, Satz - nyumba yosungiramo katundu, Satzweise, Schreibweise - kalembedwe kalembedwe; French facture, kapangidwe, conformation - chipangizo, kuwonjezera; Kapangidwe ka Chingerezi, kapangidwe kake, kapangidwe kake, kamangidwe; italo. kapangidwe

Mwachidziwitso chachikulu - imodzi mwa mbali za mawonekedwe a nyimbo, ikuphatikizidwa mu lingaliro lokongola ndi lafilosofi la mawonekedwe a nyimbo mu umodzi ndi njira zonse zowonetsera; m'njira yochepetsetsa komanso yodziwika bwino - mapangidwe enieni a nsalu yoimba, kuwonetsera nyimbo.

Mawu akuti "mawonekedwe" amawululidwa mogwirizana ndi lingaliro la "nyumba yosungiramo nyimbo". Monodic. nyumba yosungiramo katundu imangotengera "gawo lopingasa" popanda ubale woyima. Mosamalitsa mogwirizana monodich. zitsanzo (nyimbo ya Gregorian, nyimbo ya Znamenny) yamutu umodzi. nsalu za nyimbo ndi F. ndizofanana. Wolemera monodic. F. amasiyanitsa, mwachitsanzo, nyimbo za Kummawa. anthu omwe sankadziwa polyphony: mu Uzbek. ndi taj. Makome oyimba amatchedwa instr. kusonkhana pamodzi ndi ng'oma zomwe zimayimba usul. Monodic. nyumba yosungiramo katundu ndi F. zimadutsa mosavuta muzochitika zapakatikati pakati pa monody ndi polyphony - mu chiwonetsero cha heterophonic, kumene kuyimba kwapamodzi panthawi ya ntchito kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. melodic-textural options.

Chinsinsi cha polyphony. nkhokwe - mgwirizano pa nthawi yomweyo. nyimbo zoyimba. mizere ndi yodziyimira payokha. kakulidwe kake (kochuluka kapena kocheperako kosagwirizana ndi ma consonances otuluka molunjika) kumapanga malingaliro a muses. mawonekedwe. Mu nyimbo za polyphonic Mipangidwe ya mawu imawonetsa chizolowezi chofanana, koma imatha kukhala yogwira ntchito zambiri. Pakati pa makhalidwe polyphonic F. zolengedwa. kachulukidwe ndi sparseness ("kukhuthala" ndi "transparency") ndizofunikira, to-rye zimayendetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa polyphonic. mawu (akatswiri a kalembedwe kokhwima adalemba mofunitsitsa kwa mawu 8-12, kusunga mtundu umodzi wa F. popanda kusintha kwakukulu kwa sonority; Komabe, mwaunyinji kunali chizolowezi kuyimitsa ma polyphony owoneka bwino okhala ndi mawu awiri kapena atatu, chifukwa Mwachitsanzo, Crucifixus mu misa ya Palestrina). Palestrina amangofotokoza, ndipo polemba mwaulere, njira zama polyphonic zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. makulidwe, makulidwe (makamaka kumapeto kwa chidutswa) mothandizidwa ndi kuwonjezereka ndi kuchepa, stretta (fugue mu C-dur kuchokera ku voliyumu yoyamba ya Bach's Well-Tempered Clavier), kuphatikiza mitu yosiyanasiyana (code of the finale of Symphony ya Taneyev mu c-moll). M'chitsanzo chomwe chili pansipa, kuwonjezereka kwa malemba chifukwa cha kufulumira kwa mawu oyambira ndi kukula kwa malemba a 1 (makumi atatu ndi awiri) ndi 1 (chords) zinthu za mutuwo ndizodziwika:

JS Bach. Fugue ku D-dur kuchokera ku voliyumu yoyamba ya Well-Tempered Clavier (mipiringidzo 1-23).

Pakuti polyphonic F. ndi mmene mgwirizano wa chitsanzo, kupanda lakuthwa kusiyana sonority, ndi nthawi zonse chiwerengero cha mawu. Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino za polyphonic P. - fluidity; polyphony. F. imasiyanitsidwa ndi kusinthidwa kosalekeza, kusakhalapo kwa kubwereza kwenikweni kwinaku mukusunga mutu wonse. umodzi. Kufotokozera mtengo wa polyphonic. F. ali ndi rhythmic. ndi chiwerengero cha mavoti. Ndi nthawi yofanana, kwaya F. imawonekera m'mawu onse. F. iyi si yofanana ndi chord-harmonic, popeza kusuntha kuno kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kutumizidwa kwa nyimbo. mizere m'mawu aliwonse, osati ndi maubwenzi ogwira ntchito a ma harmonics. verticals, mwachitsanzo:

F. d'Ana. Chidule cha motet.

Chotsutsana nacho ndi polyphonic. F., kutengera Metrorhythm yonse. kudziyimira pawokha kwa mawu, monganso m’mawu ovomerezeka a amuna (onani chitsanzo mu v. Canon, ndime 692); mtundu wodziwika bwino wa polyphonic wowonjezera. F. imatsimikiziridwa mwachidwi. ndi rhythmic. monga iwo eni. mawu (motengera, canons, fugues, etc.). Polyphonic F. samapatula rhythmic yakuthwa. stratification ndi chiŵerengero chosagwirizana cha mawu: mawu otsutsana omwe akuyenda mu nthawi yochepa amapanga maziko a cantus firmus (mu unyinji ndi mawu a zaka za 15th-16th, m'makonzedwe a kwaya ya Bach). M'nyimbo za nthawi zamtsogolo (zaka za m'ma 19 ndi 20), ma polyphony amitu yosiyana adapangidwa, ndikupanga zokongola modabwitsa F. (mwachitsanzo, kuluka kolumikizana kwa ma leitmotifs of fire, fate, ndi maloto a Brünnhilde kumapeto kwa opera ya Wagner The Valkyrie. ). Pakati pa zochitika zatsopano za nyimbo za m'zaka za zana la 20. ziyenera kudziwidwa: F. linear polyphony (kuyenda kwa mawu osagwirizana ndi rhythmically osagwirizana, onani Milhaud's Chamber Symphonies); P., yolumikizidwa ndi kubwereza kovutirapo kwa polyphonic. mawu ndi kusandulika polyphony wa zigawo (nthawi zambiri mu ntchito ya O. Messiaen); "demateerialized" pointllistic. F. mu op. A. Webrn ndi polygon yosiyana. zovuta orc. counterpoint ndi A. Berg ndi A. Schoenberg; polyphonic F. aleatory (mu V. Lutoslavsky) ndi sonoristic. zotsatira (mwa K. Penderecki).

O. Mesiya. Epouvante (Rhythmic canon. Chitsanzo No 50 kuchokera m'buku lake "The Technique of My Musical Language").

Nthawi zambiri, mawu akuti "F". amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku nyimbo za harmonica. nyumba yosungiramo katundu. Mu mitundu yosayerekezeka yamitundu ya harmonic. F. Yoyamba ndi yosavuta ndiyo kugawanika kwake mu homophonic-harmonic ndi chordal yoyenera (yomwe imatengedwa ngati nkhani yapadera ya homophonic-harmonic). Chordal F. ndi monorhythmic: mawu onse amamveka momveka nthawi yomweyo (chiyambi cha Tchaikovsky's overture-fantasy Romeo ndi Juliet). Mu homophonic harmonic. F. zojambula za nyimbo, bass ndi mawu owonjezera zimasiyanitsidwa bwino (chiyambi cha c-moll nocturne ya Chopin). Otsatirawa amasiyanitsidwa. mitundu yowonetsera ya harmonic. consonances (Tyulin, 1976, ch. 3rd, 4th): a) harmonic. chifaniziro cha mtundu wophiphiritsa, womwe umayimira mtundu umodzi kapena wina wa kuwonetsera motsatizana kwa phokoso la nyimbo (mayambiriro a C-dur kuchokera ku voliyumu yoyamba ya Bach's Well-Tempered Clavier); b) rhythmic. kuyerekezera - kubwereza phokoso kapena phokoso (ndakatulo D-dur op. 1 No 32 ndi Scriabin); c) osiyana. Zobwerezedwa, mwachitsanzo. mu octave ndi orc. kuwonetsera (minuet yochokera ku symphony ya Mozart mu g-moll) kapena kuwirikiza kawiri mpaka chachitatu, chachisanu ndi chimodzi, ndi zina zotero, kupanga "kuyenda kwa tepi" ("Musical Moment" op. 2 No 16 by Rachmaninov); d) mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyimbo. mafanizo, chomwe kwenikweni chiri poyambitsa nyimbo. mayendedwe mogwirizana. mawu - vuto la kuyerekezera kwa chord podutsa ndikuthandizira. phokoso (etude c-moll op. 3 No 10 ndi Chopin), melodicization (kwaya ndi oimba ulaliki wa mutu waukulu kumayambiriro kwa 12 kujambula "Sadko" ndi Rimsky-Korsakov) ndi polyphonization wa mawu (mawu oyamba "Lohengrin" wolemba Wagner), melodic-rhythmic "revitalization" org. mfundo (4 kujambula "Sadko", nambala 4). Kukhazikitsidwa kwadongosolo kwamitundu yama harmonic. F. ndiyofala kwambiri. Mu nyimbo, pali njira zambiri zolembedwera, maonekedwe ake ndi njira zogwiritsira ntchito zimatsimikiziridwa ndi stylistic. machitidwe a nyimbo-mbiri. nthawi; choncho, mbiri ya F. ndi yosasiyanitsidwa ndi mbiri ya mgwirizano, orchestration (mochuluka, instrumentalism), ndi machitidwe.

Harmonic. warehouse ndi F. amachokera ku polyphony; mwachitsanzo, Palestrina, yemwe adamva bwino kwambiri kukongola kwa kusaganiza bwino, amatha kugwiritsa ntchito fanizo la nyimbo zomwe zikubwera pamiyeso yambiri mothandizidwa ndi ma polyphonic ovuta (canons) ndi choyimba chokha. kumatanthauza (kuwoloka, kubwereza), kusirira mgwirizano, ngati miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi mwala (Kyrie kuchokera ku unyinji wa Papa Marcello, mipiringidzo 9-11, 12-15 - zisanu counterpoint). Kwa nthawi yayitali mu instr. prod. Olemba a 17th century chorus addiction. F. kulemba mosamalitsa kunali koonekeratu (mwachitsanzo, mu org. Kupsompsona. Ya Sweelinka), ndipo olembawo anali okhutira ndi njira zosavuta komanso zojambula za harmonica yosakanikirana. ndi polyphonic. F. (mwachitsanzo. J. Frescobaldi). Udindo wofotokozera wa F. kuchulukira kupanga. 2 jenda 17 mu. (makamaka, kulumikizana kwapang'onopang'ono kwa solo ndi tutti mu Op. A. Corelli). Muzika I. C. Bach amadziwika ndi chitukuko chachikulu kwambiri cha F. (chaconne d-moll ya solo ya violin, "Goldberg Variations", "Brandenburg Concertos"), ndi zina za virtuoso Op. ("Chromatic Fantasy and Fugue"; Fantasy G-dur for organ, BWV 572) Bach amapanga zolemba, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi okondana. Nyimbo za Viennese classics zimadziwika ndi kumveka bwino kwa mgwirizano ndipo, motero, kumveka bwino kwa mapangidwe opangidwa. Olembawo ankagwiritsa ntchito njira zosavuta zolembera mawu ndipo ankatengera kasinthasintha wamba (mwachitsanzo, ziwerengero monga ndime kapena arpeggios), zomwe sizinasemphane ndi malingaliro a F. monga chinthu chofunikira kwambiri (onani, mwachitsanzo, chapakati pakusintha kwachinayi kuchokera kumayendedwe oyamba a sonata ya Mozart No 4 A-dur, K.-V. 331); mu ulaliki ndi chitukuko cha mitu ya Allegri sonatas, chitukuko cha motivic kumachitika mofanana ndi chitukuko cha malemba (mwachitsanzo, m'magulu akuluakulu ndi ogwirizanitsa a 1st movement ya Beethoven's Sonata No 1). Mu nyimbo za m'zaka za zana la 19, makamaka pakati pa oimba Achikondi, zosiyana zimawonedwa. zosiyanasiyana F. - nthawi zina zobiriwira komanso zosanjikiza zambiri, nthawi zina zimakhala bwino kunyumba, nthawi zina zowoneka bwino; kusiyana kwakukulu pamawu ndi kalembedwe kumabuka ngakhale mu ntchito ya mbuye m'modzi (cf. osiyanasiyana komanso amphamvu F. sonatas mu h-moll ya piyano. ndi zojambula zowoneka bwino za fp. sewera "Grey Clouds" ndi Liszt). Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri mu nyimbo zazaka za zana la 19. - kutengera zojambula zojambulidwa payekhapayekha: chidwi chodabwitsa, chapadera, mawonekedwe aluso lachikondi, zidapangitsa kuti zikhale zachibadwa kukana ziwerengero za F. Njira zapadera zinapezeka posankha nyimbo yanyimbo (Liszt); mwayi wowonjezera F. oimba adapezeka, choyamba, mu nyimbo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. zithunzi (incl. h m'njira yachilendo monga mu fp yomaliza. sonata b-moll Chopin), nthawi zina amasandulika pafupifupi polyphonic. ulaliki (mutu wa gawo lakumbali pofotokozera nyimbo yoyamba ya piano. Chopani). Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yojambulidwa idathandizira chidwi cha omvera mu wok. ndi instr. mayendedwe ang'onoang'ono, mpaka pamlingo wina adalimbikitsa nyimbo zamitundu yodalira F. - maphunziro, kusiyanasiyana, ma rhapsodies. Tsiku labwino lobadwa. dzanja, panali polyphonization wa F. zambiri (chomaliza cha Frank's violin sonata) ndi harmonica. mafanizo makamaka (8-ch. canon kumayambiriro kwa Wagner's Rhine Gold). Rus. oimba anapeza gwero la sonorities latsopano mu textural njira za East. nyimbo (onani, makamaka, "Islamei" ya Balakirev). Chimodzi mwa zofunika kwambiri. zomwe zidachitika m'zaka za zana la 19 m'dera la F. - kulimbikitsa mphamvu zake zochulukira, mitu. kukhazikika (R. Wagner, I. Brahms): mu Op. m'malo mwake, palibe mulingo umodzi wosagwirizana ndi mutu. zinthu (mwachitsanzo symphony mu c-moll, piyano. Taneyev Quintet, nyimbo zomaliza za Rimsky-Korsakov). Mfundo yaikulu ya chitukuko cha munthu payekha F. kunali kutuluka kwa P.-harmony ndi F.-timbre. Chofunikira cha chodabwitsa ichi ndikuti nthawi zina Pansi pamikhalidwe, mgwirizano, titero, umadutsa mu Ph., kufotokozera sikudziwika kwambiri ndi kapangidwe ka mawu monga kakonzedwe kokongola: kulumikizana kwa "pansi" kwa chord. ndi wina ndi mzake, ndi zolembera za piyano, ndi oimba ndi oimba amatsogolera. magulu; chofunika kwambiri si kutalika, koma kudzaza mawonekedwe a chord, mwachitsanzo e. watengedwa bwanji. Zitsanzo za F.-harmony zili mu Op. M. AP Mussorgsky (mwachitsanzo, "Clock with chimes" kuchokera mu 2nd act. opera "Boris Godunov"). Koma kawirikawiri, chodabwitsa ichi ndi chodziwika bwino cha nyimbo za m'zaka za zana la 20: F.-harmony nthawi zambiri imapezeka popanga. A. N. Scriabin (chiyambi cha kubwereza kwa gawo loyamba la 1 fp. sonatas; kumapeto kwa 7 fp. sonatas; chomaliza fp. ndakatulo "Ku Flame"), K. Debussy, S. AT. Rachmaninov. Nthawi zina, kuphatikiza kwa F. ndipo mgwirizano umatsimikizira timbre (fp. sewera "Skarbo" yolemba Ravel), yomwe imatchulidwa makamaka mu orc. njira ya "kuphatikiza ziwerengero zofanana", pamene phokoso limachokera ku kuphatikiza kwa rhythmic. mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithunzi chimodzi (njira yomwe imadziwika kwa nthawi yayitali, koma yopangidwa mwaluso m'mabuku ambiri a I. F.

M'zaka za zana la 20. njira zosiyanasiyana zosinthira F. coexist. Monga momwe ambiri amasonyezera: kulimbikitsa udindo wa F. ambiri, kuphatikizapo polyphonic. F., mogwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa polyphony mu nyimbo zazaka za zana la 20. (makamaka, monga kubwezeretsedwa kwa F. kwa nthawi zakale popanga njira ya neoclassical); kuwonjezereka kwapadera kwa njira zamalemba (F. kwenikweni "amapangidwa" pa ntchito iliyonse yatsopano, monga momwe mawonekedwe a munthu payekha ndi mgwirizano zimapangidwira kwa iwo); kupeza - mogwirizana ndi ma harmonics atsopano. zikhalidwe - dissonant duplications (3 etudes op. 65 ndi Scriabin), kusiyana kwa makamaka zovuta ndi "zoyenga zosavuta" F. (1 gawo la 5 limba concerto Prokofiev a), ndi improvisational zojambula. mtundu (No 24 "Horizontal and Vertical" kuchokera ku Shchedrin's "Polyphonic Notebook"); kuphatikiza zolemba zoyambirira za nat. nyimbo ndi mgwirizano waposachedwa. ndi orc. ukadaulo Prof. art-va (zowoneka bwino za "Symphonic Dances" Mold. Comp. P. Rivilis ndi ntchito zina); mosalekeza thematization ya F. c) makamaka, mu seriyo ndi siriyo ntchito), kutsogolera ku chizindikiritso cha thematism ndi F.

Kutuluka mu nyimbo zatsopano za 20th century. nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale, yosakhudzana ndi ma harmonic kapena polyphonic, imasankha mitundu yofananira ya Ph.: chidutswa chotsatirachi. imasonyeza kusagwirizana komwe kuli khalidwe la nyimbo izi, kusagwirizana kwa F. - regista stratification (kudziimira), zamphamvu. ndi articulation. kusiyana:

P. Boulez. Piano Sonata No 1, chiyambi cha kayendedwe ka 1.

Mtengo wa F. mu luso la nyimbo. avant-garde imabweretsedwa ku logic. malire, pamene F. amakhala pafupifupi mmodzi yekha (mu angapo ntchito ndi K. Penderetsky) kapena mayunitsi. cholinga cha ntchito ya wolemba weniweniyo (womveka. Stockhausen's "Stimmungen" sextet ndi kusintha kwapangidwe-timbre kwa B-dur triad imodzi). F. kusinthika kwa mawu operekedwa kapena rhythmic. mkati - chachikulu. kulandira aleatorics olamulidwa (op. V. Lutoslavsky); munda wa F. zikuphatikizapo osawerengeka ya sonoristic. zopangidwa (zosonkhanitsa za njira za sonoristic - "Coloristic fantasy" ya opera Slonimsky). Kwa nyimbo zamagetsi ndi konkriti zopangidwa popanda mwambo. zida ndi njira zophera, lingaliro la F., mwachiwonekere, silikugwira ntchito.

F. amataya njira. zotheka kupanga (Mazel, Zuckerman, 1967, pp. 331-342). Kugwirizana pakati pa mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe kumasonyezedwa kuti kusungidwa kwa mawonekedwe operekedwa a mawonekedwe kumathandizira kuti pakhale mgwirizano wa zomangamanga, kusintha kwake kumalimbikitsa kudulidwa. F. wakhala akugwira ntchito ngati chida chofunikira kwambiri chosinthira mu sec. ostinato ndi neostinatny mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuwulula nthawi zina zazikulu zazikulu. mwayi ("Bolero" ndi Ravel). F. amatha kusintha kwambiri mawonekedwe ndi kufunikira kwa ma muses. chithunzi (kuchita leitmotif mu gawo 1, mu chitukuko ndi malamulo a gawo 2 la 4 piano sonata ndi Scriabin); kusintha malemba nthawi zambiri ntchito reprises wa maulendo atatu mayendedwe (2 gawo la 16 piano sonata wa Beethoven; nocturne c-moll op. 48 ndi Chopin), mu refrain mu rondo (chomaliza cha piano sonata No. Beethoven). Ntchito yopangira F. ndi yofunika kwambiri pakupanga mawonekedwe a sonata (makamaka orc. nyimbo), momwe malire a zigawo amatsimikiziridwa ndi kusintha kwa njira yopangira ndipo, chifukwa chake, F. thematic. zakuthupi. Kusintha kwa F. kumakhala chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri. njira yogawa mawonekedwe muzolemba zazaka za zana la 25. ("Pacific 20" ndi Honegger). M'zolemba zina zatsopano, mawonekedwewo amakhala otsimikiza popanga mawonekedwe (mwachitsanzo, m'mawu otchedwa obwerezabwereza potengera kubweza kwamtundu umodzi).

Mitundu ya F. nthawi zambiri imalumikizidwa ndi def. mitundu (mwachitsanzo, nyimbo zovina), zomwe ndi maziko ophatikizira kupanga. mitundu yosiyanasiyana yanyimbo zomwe zimapatsa nyimbo kusamveka bwino mwaluso (zitsanzo zomveka zamtunduwu mu nyimbo za Chopin: mwachitsanzo, Prelude No. 20 c-moll - kusakaniza kwa mawonekedwe a chorale, ulendo wamaliro ndi passacaglia). F. amakhalabe ndi zizindikiro za mbiri yakale kapena mbiri yakale. kalembedwe (ndi, mwa kuyanjana, nyengo): chotchedwa. kutsagana ndi gitala kumathandizira SI Taneev kupanga masitayelo obisika a Chirasha choyambirira. elegies mu chikondi "Pamene, kamvuluvulu, masamba autumn"; G. Berlioz mu gawo la 3 la symphony "Romeo ndi Julia" kuti apange dziko. ndipo mtundu wa mbiri yakale umatulutsa mwaluso phokoso la madrigal cappella ya zaka za zana la 16; R. Schumann amalemba nyimbo zenizeni mu Carnival. zithunzi za F. Chopin ndi N. Paganini. F. ndiye gwero lalikulu la nyimbo. kufotokoza, makamaka kukhutiritsa pazochitika zomwe k.-l. magalimoto. Mothandizidwa ndi F. kumveka bwino kwa nyimbo kumatheka (mawu oyamba a Wagner's Gold of the Rhine), nthawi yomweyo. wodzaza ndi zinsinsi ndi kukongola ("Kutamandidwa kwa Chipululu" kuchokera ku "Nthano ya Mzinda Wosawoneka wa Kitezh ndi Maiden Fevronia" lolemba Rimsky-Korsakov), ndipo nthawi zina kunjenjemera kodabwitsa ("mtima ukugunda mu mkwatulo" mu chikondi cha MI Glinka "Ndikukumbukira Mphindi Yodabwitsa").

Zothandizira: Sposobin I., Evseev S., Dubovsky I., Njira yothandiza yogwirizana, gawo 2, M., 1935; Skrebkov SS, Buku la polyphony, magawo 1-2, M.-L., 1951, 1965; ake, Analysis of musical work, M., 1958; Milstein Ya., F. List, part 2, M., 1956, 1971; Grigoriev SS, Pa nyimbo ya Rimsky-Korsakov, M., 1961; Grigoriev S., Muller T., Buku la polyphony, M., 1961, 1977; Mazel LA, Zukkerman VA, Kusanthula ntchito zanyimbo, M., 1967; Shchurov V., Mawonekedwe a nyimbo zama polyphonic za nyimbo za South Russia, zosonkhanitsidwa: Kuchokera ku mbiri ya nyimbo zaku Russia ndi Soviet, M., 1971; Zukkerman VA, Kusanthula kwa nyimbo. Kusintha mawonekedwe, M., 1974; Zavgorodnyaya G., Zina za kapangidwe mu ntchito za A. Onegger, "SM", 1975, No 6; Shaltuper Yu., Pa kalembedwe ka Lutoslavsky mu 60s, mu: Problems of Musical Science, vol. 3, M., 1975; Tyulin Yu., Chiphunzitso cha kamangidwe ka nyimbo ndi mafanizo a nyimbo. Kapangidwe ka nyimbo, M., 1976; Pankratov S., Pamaziko a nyimbo za nyimbo za piano za Scriabin, mu: Nkhani za polyphony ndi kusanthula ntchito zanyimbo (Proceedings of the Gnesins State Musical and Pedagogical Institute, nkhani 20), M., 1976; wake, Mfundo za sewero lopangidwa mwaluso la nyimbo za piyano za Scriabin, ibid.; Bershadskaya T., Nkhani za mgwirizano, L., 1978; Kholopova V., Faktura, M., 1979.

VP Frayonov