Zoyankhulira - zomangamanga ndi magawo

Dongosolo la mawu losavuta kwambiri lili ndi zinthu ziwiri zazikulu, zokuzira mawu ndi zokuzira mawu. M'nkhani yomwe ili pamwambapa, muphunzira zambiri za zakale komanso zomwe muyenera kulabadira pogula nyimbo zathu zatsopano.

Kumanga

Cholankhulira chilichonse chimakhala ndi nyumba, zokamba ndi zopingasa.

Nyumba, monga mukudziwira, imadziwika kuti ndi nyumba ya okamba. Amapangidwira ma transducer enieni, kotero ngati mukufuna kusintha olankhula ndi ena osati omwe nyumbayo idapangidwira, muyenera kuganizira kutayika kwa mawu. Chokweza mawu chokhacho chikhoza kuonongeka panthawi yogwira ntchito chifukwa cha magawo osayenera a nyumba.

Kuphatikizika kwa zokuzira mawu ndikofunikiranso. Ntchito ya crossover ndi kugawa chizindikiro chofikira chokweza mawu kukhala magulu angapo ang'onoang'ono, omwe amapangidwanso ndi zokuzira mawu zoyenera. Popeza okamba ambiri sangathe kutulutsanso zonse moyenera, kugwiritsa ntchito crossover ndikofunikira. Ma crossovers ena olankhula alinso ndi babu wowunikira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza tweeter kuti isawotchedwe.

Mitundu ya mizati

Zodziwika kwambiri ndi mitundu itatu ya mizati:

• zokuzira mawu osiyanasiyana

• masetilaiti

• zokuzira mawu.

Mtundu wa zokuzira mawu umene timafunikira umadalira kwenikweni chimene tidzagwiritsire ntchito makina athu a zokuzira mawu.

Bass column, monga dzina limanenera, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsa ma frequency otsika kwambiri, pomwe satelayiti imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsanso gulu lonselo. N’chifukwa chiyani pali kugawanikana koteroko? Choyamba, kuti "musatope" ma satellite ndi ma frequency otsika kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, crossover yogwira ntchito imagwiritsidwa ntchito kugawa chizindikiro.

Chowuzira chojambulira chathunthu, monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, chimatulutsanso mtundu wonse wa bandwidth. Njira yothetsera vutoli nthawi zambiri imakhala yothandiza pazochitika zing'onozing'ono, kumene sitifunikira mawu apamwamba komanso maulendo otsika kwambiri. Mzere woterewu utha kukhalanso ngati satelayiti. Kawirikawiri zochokera pa tweeter, midrange ndi woofer (nthawi zambiri 15 "), mwachitsanzo, njira zitatu.

Palinso zomanga ziwiri, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala zodula (koma osati nthawi zonse), chifukwa m'malo mwa tweeter ndi midrange driver, tili ndi dalaivala wa siteji.

Ndiye pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa driver ndi tweeter? Itha kusewera mumitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Ma tweeters otchuka kwambiri omwe ali ndi crossover yosankhidwa bwino amatha kusewera kuchokera pafupipafupi 4000 Hz, pomwe dalaivala amatha kusewera kuchokera kufupipafupi kwambiri, ngakhale 1000 Hz pakakhala madalaivala apamwamba. Chifukwa chake tili ndi zinthu zochepa pa crossover komanso mawu abwinoko, koma sitiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito driver wa midrange.

Ngati tikuyang'ana mizati ya zochitika zazing'ono, zapamtima, tingayesere kusankha njira zitatu zomanga. Chotsatira chake, ndi ndalama zotsika mtengo chifukwa zonse zimayendetsedwa ndi amplifier imodzi yamphamvu ndipo sitifunikira crossover kuti tigawanitse gululo monga momwe zilili ndi satana ndi woofer, chifukwa wokamba nkhani wotere nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ndondomeko yokonzedwa bwino. crossover yomangidwa mkati.

Komabe, ngati tikukonzekera kukulitsa zidazo m'magawo ndi cholinga chopereka phokoso ku zochitika zazikulu kapena tikuyang'ana magulu ang'onoang'ono, tiyenera kuyang'ana ma satellites omwe tiyenera kusankha mawoofers owonjezera (bass). Komabe, iyi ndi njira yotsika mtengo, komanso yabwinoko pang'ono, chifukwa yonseyo imayendetsedwa ndi ma amplifiers awiri kapena kuposa (malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa phokoso) ndipo magawano pafupipafupi pakati pa satellite ndi bass amagawidwa ndi fyuluta yamagetsi, kapena crossover.

N'chifukwa chiyani crossover ili bwino kusiyana ndi crossover yachikhalidwe? Zosefera zamagetsi zimalola otsetsereka pamlingo wa 24 dB / oct ndi zina zambiri, pomwe pakakhala ma crossovers, nthawi zambiri timapeza 6, 12, 18 dB / oct. Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani pakuchita? Muyenera kukumbukira kuti zosefera si "nkhwangwa" ndipo samadula bwino ma frequency a crossover mu crossover. Kutsetsereka kwakukulu, kumapangitsa kuti maulendowa akhale "odulidwa", omwe amatipatsa phokoso labwino kwambiri ndipo amalola kuwongolera pang'ono panthawi imodzimodziyo kuti apititse patsogolo mzere wa ma frequency otulutsidwa.

Kuphatikizika kosasunthika kumayambitsa zochitika zambiri zosafunikira komanso kukwera kwa mtengo womanga ndime (zokwera zokwera mtengo komanso ma capacitor), komanso zimakhala zovuta kukwaniritsa kuchokera pamalingaliro aukadaulo.

Mzere magawo

Seti ya parameter ikufotokoza zomwe zili ndi gawoli. Choyamba tiyenera kumvetsera kwa iwo pogula. Mosafunikira kunena, mphamvu si parameter yofunika kwambiri. Chogulitsa chabwino chimayenera kukhala ndi magawo ofotokozera bwino komanso miyeso yolondola.

M'munsimu muli mndandanda wazinthu zomwe ziyenera kupezeka muzofotokozera zamalonda:

• Libra

• Mphamvu ya Sinusoidal / Nominal / RMS / AES (AES = RMS) yowonetsedwa mu Watts [W]

• Kuchita Bwino, kapena Kuchita Bwino, SPL (yoperekedwa ndi muyezo woyezera, mwachitsanzo 1W / 1M) yowonetsedwa mu ma decibel [dB]

• Kuyankha pafupipafupi, kufotokozedwa mu hertz [Hz], kuperekedwa kwa madontho apadera (monga -3 dB, -10dB).

Tipuma pang'ono pano. Nthawi zambiri, pofotokoza za zokuzira mawu zabwino, wopanga amapereka kuyankha pafupipafupi kwa 20-20000 Hz. Kupatula mafupipafupi omwe khutu la munthu limayankha, ndithudi, 20 Hz ndi mafupipafupi otsika kwambiri. Ndikosatheka kupeza mu siteji zida, makamaka theka-akatswiri. Wapakati wokamba bass amasewera kuchokera ku 40 Hz ndikuchepa kwa -3db. Kukwera kwa kalasi ya zida, kutsika kwafupipafupi kwa wokamba nkhani kudzakhala.

• Kulepheretsa, kufotokozedwa mu ohms (nthawi zambiri 4 kapena 8 ohms)

• Oyankhula ogwiritsidwa ntchito (ie oyankhula omwe anagwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo)

• Kugwiritsa ntchito, cholinga chachikulu cha zida

Kukambitsirana

Kusankha zomvera sikophweka ndipo ndikosavuta kulakwitsa. Kuphatikiza apo, kugula zokuzira mawu zabwino kumakhala kovuta chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zida zotsika mtengo zomwe zimapezeka pamsika.

Mu sitolo yathu mudzapeza malingaliro ambiri osangalatsa. Pansipa pali mndandanda wazinthu zokondedwa zomwe zili zoyenera kuziganizira. Komanso, tcherani khutu ku zipangizo za kupanga ku Poland, zomwe zimangokhalira kuipiraipira, koma poyerekeza mwachindunji ndizofanana ndi mapangidwe ambiri akunja.

• JBL

• Mawu a Electro

• FBT

• LD Systems

• Mackie

• LLC

• RCF

• TW Audio

M'munsimu muli mndandanda wa malangizo othandiza, omwenso ndi ofunika kumvetsera mwapadera kuti muteteze kugula makina omveka bwino:

• Chiwerengero cha zokuzira mawu pagawo - zomanga zokayikitsa nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi ma tweeters angapo - piezoelectric, nthawi zina ngakhale zosiyana. Chokuzira mawu chomangidwa bwino chiyenera kukhala ndi tweeter / driver

• Mphamvu zochulukirapo (zikhoza kunenedwa momveka kuti chowuzira chokweza chaching'ono, kunena kuti 8 ", sichikhoza kutenga mphamvu yaikulu kwambiri ya 1000W.

• 15 ″ chokweza mawu ndi choyenera pakupanga njira zitatu, kapena kupanga njira ziwiri pamodzi ndi dalaivala wamphamvu (tcherani khutu ku deta ya dalaivala). Pankhani ya mapangidwe anjira ziwiri, mufunika dalaivala wamphamvu, osachepera ndi 2 ”outlet. Mtengo wa dalaivala wotero ndi wokwera, choncho mtengo wa wokamba nkhani uyeneranso kukhala wokwera. Phukusi loterolo limadziwika ndi phokoso lopindika, lokwera katatu komanso gulu lotsika, lochotsedwa pakati.

• Kuchulukitsidwa kochulukira kwa wogulitsa - chinthu chabwino chimadziteteza, chiyeneranso kuyang'ana malingaliro owonjezera pa intaneti.

• Kuwoneka kosazolowereka (mitundu yowala, kuunikira kowonjezera ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana). Zidazo ziyenera kukhala zothandiza, zosaoneka bwino. Timakonda zomveka komanso zodalirika, osati zowoneka ndi zowunikira. Komabe, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti phukusi logwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu liyenera kuwoneka lokongola kwambiri.

• Palibe ma grilles kapena chitetezo chamtundu uliwonse kwa okamba. Zipangizozi zidzavala, motero zokuzira mawu ziyenera kutetezedwa bwino.

• Kuyimitsa mphira wofewa mu chowulira mawu = kutsika kwachangu. Zolankhula zofewa zoyimitsidwa zimapangidwira zomvera kunyumba kapena zamagalimoto. Oyankhula olimba okha ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida za siteji.

Comments