Munich Philharmonic Orchestra (Münchner Philharmoniker) |

Münchner Philharmoniker

Munich Philharmonic Orchestra idakhazikitsidwa mu 1893 poyambitsa Franz Keim, mwana wa mwini fakitale ya piyano, ndipo poyambilira amatchedwa Keim Orchestra. Kuyambira zaka zoyambirira za kukhalapo kwake, gulu la oimba linkatsogoleredwa ndi otsogolera otchuka monga Hans Winderstein, Hermann Zumpe ndi wophunzira wa Bruckner Ferdinand Löwe. Chifukwa cha izi, gulu la oimba linawonetsa luso lapamwamba, ndipo nyimbo yake inali yochuluka kwambiri ndipo inaphatikizapo ntchito zambiri za olemba amakono.

Komanso, kuyambira pachiyambi, gawo lofunika kwambiri la lingaliro la luso la oimba linali chikhumbo chofuna kupanga makonsati ake kuti azipezeka ndi magulu onse a anthu, chifukwa cha mapulogalamu a machitidwe ndi ndondomeko ya mitengo ya demokalase.

Mu 1901 ndi 1910 oimba nyimbo za Gustav Mahler's Fourth and Eighth Symphonies kwa nthawi yoyamba. Zoyambazo zinkachitika motsogozedwa ndi wolemba mwiniwakeyo. Mu November 1911, miyezi isanu ndi umodzi pambuyo pa imfa ya Mahler, gulu loimba ndi Bruno Walter linaimba kwa nthawi yoyamba Nyimbo ya Mahler ya Dziko Lapansi. Izi zitangotsala pang’ono kuchitika, gululo linadzatchedwanso Orchestra of the Concert Society.

Kuyambira 1908 mpaka 1914 Ferdinand Löwe analanda gulu la oimba. Pa Marichi 1, 1898, sewero lachipambano la Fifth Symphony la Bruckner lidachitika ku Vienna motsogozedwa ndi iye. M'tsogolomu, Ferdinand Loe mobwerezabwereza adachita ntchito za Bruckner ndipo adapanga mwambo woimba nyimbo za woyimba uyu, zomwe zilipo mpaka lero.

Munthawi ya Sigmund von Hausegger (1920-1938) ngati wotsogolera nyimbo wa oimba, gulu la oimba lidasinthidwa kukhala Munich Philharmonic Orchestra. Kuchokera mu 1938 mpaka 1944, gulu la oimba motsogozedwa ndi wochititsa Austria Oswald Kabasta, amene mwanzeru anakulitsa mwambo woimba nyimbo zoimbaimba Bruckner.

Konsati yoyamba itatha Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse inatsegulidwa ndi Eugen Jochum ndi kuvomereza kwa Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night Dream ndi Felix Mendelssohn, yemwe nyimbo zake zinali zoletsedwa pansi pa National Socialism. M'zaka za pambuyo pa nkhondo, akatswiri odziwika bwino monga Fritz Rieger (1949-1966) ndi Rudolf Kempe (1967-1976) adatsogolera gulu la oimba.

Mu February 1979, Sergiu Celibidache adachita nawo makonsati ake oyamba ndi Munich Philharmonic Orchestra. Mu June chaka chomwecho, adakhala mtsogoleri wa nyimbo za gululo. Pamodzi ndi Sergiu Celibidache, Orchestra ya Munich yayendera mizinda yambiri ya ku Ulaya, komanso South America ndi Asia. Zochita za Bruckner, zomwe zidachitika motsogozedwa ndi iye, zidadziwika ngati zachikale ndipo zidakulitsa kwambiri kutchuka kwapadziko lonse kwa oimba.

Kuyambira September 1999 mpaka July 2004 James Levine anali Principal Conductor wa Munich Philharmonic. Ndi iye, oimba a gulu loimba anayenda maulendo ataliatali ku Ulaya ndi America. Mu Januwale 2004, Maestro Zubin Mehta anakhala mlendo woyamba m'mbiri ya okhestra.

Kuyambira Meyi 2003 Christian Thielemann wakhala wotsogolera nyimbo za gululi. Pa Okutobala 20, 2003, gulu lanyimbo la Munich Philharmonic Orchestra linali ndi mwayi woyimba pamaso pa Papa Benedict XVI ku Vatican. Konsatiyi idamvetsedwa ndi alendo 7000 oitanidwa, ndipo maestro Tieleman anali pamalo a kondakitala.

Otsogolera nyimbo:

1893-1895 - Hans Winderstein 1895-1897 - German Zumpe 1897-1898 - Ferdinand Loewe 1898-1905 - Felix Weingartner 1905-1908 - Georg Schneefoigt 1908-1914-1919-Ferdinand Loewe 1920 Hans-Ferdinand 1920 - Sigmund von Hausegger 1938 -1938 - Osvald Cabasta 1944-1945 - Hans Rosbaud 1948-1949 - Fritz Rieger 1966-1967 - Rudolf Kempe 1976-1979 - kwa Sergiu Celibidake 1996-1999 - James2004 Levine 2004 - James2012 Levine Levine 2012 Mazel 2014 - Valery Abisalovich Gergiev

Chitsime: mariinsky.ru