Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra (Gewandhausorchester Leipzig) |

Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra

Gewandhaus (Chijeremani. Gewandhaus, kwenikweni - Nyumba ya Zovala) - dzina la gulu la konsati, holo ndi oimba a symphony ku Leipzig. Mbiri yamakonsati a Gewandhaus idayamba mu 1743, pomwe mwambo wa otchedwa. "Ma Concerts Aakulu" (gulu la oimba osaphunzira la anthu 16 linatsogozedwa ndi IF Dales). Patapita nthawi yopuma chifukwa cha Nkhondo ya Zaka Zisanu ndi Ziwiri, gulu loimba lotchedwa “Amateur Concertos” linayambiranso ntchito zake motsogozedwa ndi IA Hiller (1763-85), amene anabweretsa gulu la oimba kwa anthu 30.

Mu 1781, meya wa Leipzig W. Müller anapanga gulu lotsogolera gulu loimba. Zolembazo zidakulitsidwa ndipo kulembetsa kunatsegulidwa, kokhala ndi makonsati 24 pachaka. Kuchokera mu 1781, oimba oimba adaimba m'nyumba yakale yogulitsa nsalu - Gewandhaus. Mu 1884, nyumba yatsopano ya holo yochitira konsati inamangidwa pa malo akale, kusungidwa ndi dzina lakuti Gewandhaus (otchedwa New Gewandhaus; inawonongedwa m’Nkhondo Yadziko Yachiŵiri ya 2-1939). Holo ya Gewandhaus Concert Hall inali malo okhazikika oimbirako okhestra imeneyi (motero dzina lake - Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra).

Kumapeto kwa XVIII - kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XIX. gulu la oimba la Gewandhaus linapangidwa kukhala gulu loimba bwino kwambiri, lolimbikitsidwa kwambiri motsogozedwa ndi F. Mendelssohn (wotsogolera gulu la oimba mu 18-19). Panthawiyi, nyimboyi inakula kwambiri, kuphatikizapo ntchito za JS Bach, L. Beethoven, ndi olemba amakono. Gewandhaus Orchestra imapeza kalembedwe kake kapadera, kosiyanitsidwa ndi kusinthasintha kwake, kuchuluka kwa utoto wa timbre, komanso kuphatikiza kwangwiro. Mendelssohn atamwalira, gulu la Oimba la Gewandhaus linayendetsedwa ndi J. Ritz (1835-47) ndi K. Reinecke (1848-60). Pano, pa December 1860, 95, konsati yolembetsa ya ntchito za PI Tchaikovsky inachitika motsogoleredwa ndi wolemba.

A. Nikish atalowa udindo wa wotsogolera wamkulu (1895-1922), gulu la oimba la Gewandhaus linadziwika padziko lonse lapansi. Nikish anayamba ulendo woyamba kunja (104-1916) ndi oimba (anthu 17). Otsatira ake anali W. Furtwängler (1922-28) ndi B. Walter (1929-33). Mu 1934-45, Gewandhaus Orchestra inkatsogoleredwa ndi G. Abendrot, mu 1949-62 ndi F. Konvichny, yemwe motsogoleredwa ndi Gewandhaus Orchestra anayenda maulendo 15 kunja (kuyambira 1956, gulu la oimba lakhala likuyendera USSR mobwerezabwereza). Kuchokera ku 1964 mpaka 1968, mtsogoleri wa Gewandhaus Orchestra (yomwe ili ndi anthu 180) anali wotsogolera ku Czech V. Neumann, kuyambira 1970 mpaka 1996 - K. Mazur, kuyambira 1998 mpaka 2005 - Herbert Blomstedt. Riccardo Chailly adatsogolera gulu la oimba kuyambira 2005.

Makonsati a oimba amabwera ndi kwaya ya Gewandhaus ndi kwaya ya Thomaskirche (pamene amaimba oratorio ndi cantatas). Okhestra ndi gulu lovomerezeka la Leipzig Opera.

X. Wowona