Zinsinsi za mbiri yakale: nthano za nyimbo ndi oimba

Kuyambira nthawi zakale, kukhudzidwa kodabwitsa kwa nyimbo kwatipangitsa kulingalira za magwero odabwitsa a magwero ake. Chidwi cha anthu mwa osankhidwa ochepa, odziwika chifukwa cha luso lawo lopeka, chinayambitsa nthano zambirimbiri za oimba.

Kuyambira nthawi zakale mpaka lero, nthano za nyimbo zabadwanso pakulimbana pakati pa ndale ndi zachuma za anthu omwe akugwira nawo ntchito za nyimbo.

Mphatso yaumulungu kapena mayesero a satana

Mu 1841, woimba wamng'ono Giuseppe Verdi, mwamakhalidwe wosweka ndi kulephera kwa zisudzo wake woyamba ndi imfa yomvetsa chisoni ya mkazi wake ndi ana awiri, anataya ntchito yake libretto ntchito pansi. Modabwitsa, likutsegula patsambalo ndi kolasi ya akapolo achiyuda, ndipo, modzidzimutsa ndi mizere “O, dziko lokongola lotayika! Wokondedwa, zokumbukira zoopsa! ”, Verdi akuyamba kulemba nyimbo movutikira ...

Kulowererapo kwa Providence nthawi yomweyo kunasintha tsogolo la woimbayo: opera "Nabucco" inali yopambana kwambiri ndipo anam'patsa msonkhano ndi mkazi wake wachiwiri, soprano Giuseppina Strepponi. Ndipo kwaya ya akapolo ankaikonda kwambiri anthu a ku Italy moti inakhala nyimbo yachiŵiri ya fuko. Ndipo osati makwaya ena okha, komanso ma arias ochokera kumasewera a Verdi pambuyo pake adayamba kuyimbidwa ndi anthu ngati nyimbo zaku Italy.

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Mfundo ya chthonic mu nyimbo nthawi zambiri imalimbikitsa malingaliro okhudza machenjerero a mdierekezi. Anthu a m'nthawi yake adachita ziwanda ndi luso la Niccolo Paganini, yemwe adadabwitsa omvera ndi luso lake lopanda malire lochita bwino komanso kuchita bwino. Chithunzi cha woyimba woyimba kwambiri adazunguliridwa ndi nthano zakuda: mphekesera kuti adagulitsa moyo wake chifukwa cha zeze wamatsenga ndi kuti chida chake chinali ndi moyo wa wokondedwa yemwe adamupha.

Pamene Paganini anamwalira mu 1840, nthabwala za woimbayo zinkamuchitira nkhanza. Akuluakulu Achikatolika a ku Italy analetsa kuikidwa m’manda kudziko lakwawo, ndipo mabwinja a woimba violin anapeza mtendere ku Parma zaka 56 zokha pambuyo pake.

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Kukhulupirira manambala kowopsa, kapena temberero la nyimbo yachisanu ndi chinayi…

Mphamvu zopambana ndi njira za ngwazi za Ludwig van Beethoven's dying Ninth Symphony zinapangitsa chidwi chopatulika m'mitima ya omvera. Mantha okhulupirira malodza anakula pambuyo poti Franz Schubert, yemwe anagwidwa ndi chimfine pamaliro a Beethoven, anamwalira, akusiya nyimbo zoimbira zisanu ndi zinayi. Ndiyeno “temberero la wachisanu ndi chinayi,” lochirikizidwa ndi kuŵerengera mopepuka, linayamba kuwonjezereka. "Ozunzidwa" anali Anton Bruckner, Antonin Dvorak, Gustav Mahler, Alexander Glazunov ndi Alfred Schnittke.

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Kufufuza kwa manambala kwachititsa kuti pakhale nthano ina yoopsa yokhudza oimba omwe amati amamwalira msanga ali ndi zaka 27. Zikhulupirirozi zinafalikira pambuyo pa imfa ya Kurt Cobain, ndipo lero otchedwa "Club 27" akuphatikizapo Brian Jones, Jimi Hendrix. , Janis Joplin, Jim Morrison, Amy Winehouse ndi ena pafupifupi 40.

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Kodi Mozart angandithandize kukhala wanzeru?

Pakati pa nthano zambiri zozungulira katswiri wa ku Austria, nthano yonena za nyimbo za Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart monga njira yowonjezera IQ ili ndi kupambana kwakukulu kwa malonda. Chisangalalocho chinayamba mu 1993 ndi nkhani yofalitsidwa ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo Francis Rauscher, yemwe ananena kuti kumvetsera Mozart kumathandizira kukula kwa ana. Pambuyo pa kutengekako, zojambulidwazo zinayamba kugulitsidwa mamiliyoni a makope padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo kufikira tsopano, mwina chifukwa cha chiyembekezo cha “Mozart effect,” nyimbo zake zimamveka m’masitolo, m’ndege, pamafoni a m’manja ndi matelefoni akudikirira. mizere.

Kafukufuku wotsatira wa Rauscher, yemwe adawonetsa kuti zizindikiro za neurophysiological mwa ana zimasinthidwa ndi maphunziro a nyimbo, sizinatchulidwe ndi aliyense.

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Nthano zanyimbo ngati chida chandale

Olemba mbiri ndi akatswiri oimba samasiya kutsutsana za zomwe zimachititsa imfa ya Mozart, koma Baibulo limene Antonio Salieri anamupha chifukwa cha nsanje ndi nthano ina. Mwachidziwitso, chilungamo cha mbiri yakale kwa Italy, yemwe anali wopambana kwambiri kuposa oimba anzake, adabwezeretsedwa ndi khoti la Milan mu 1997.

Amakhulupirira kuti Salieri ananyozedwa ndi oimba a sukulu ya ku Austria kuti awononge malo amphamvu a omenyana nawo a ku Italy ku khoti la Viennese. Komabe, m'chikhalidwe chodziwika bwino, chifukwa cha tsoka la AS Pushkin ndi filimu ya Milos Forman, stereotype ya "genius ndi villainy" inazikika molimba.

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M'zaka za m'ma 20, malingaliro ongotengera mwayi kangapo adapereka chakudya chambiri chopeka m'makampani oimba. Njira ya mphekesera ndi mavumbulutso omwe amatsagana ndi nyimbo amakhala ngati chizindikiro cha chidwi ndi gawo ili la moyo wapagulu chifukwa chake ali ndi ufulu wokhalapo.