Rudolf Kempe (Rudolf Kempe) |
Rudolf Kempe
Palibe chosangalatsa kapena chosayembekezereka pantchito yopanga ya Rudolf Kempe. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, chaka ndi chaka, kupeza maudindo atsopano, ndi zaka makumi asanu anasamukira mu mndandanda wa okonda kutsogolera Europe. Zochita zake mwaluso zimazikidwa pa chidziŵitso cholimba cha oimba, ndipo n’zosadabwitsa, chifukwa wotsogolera mwiniyo, monga amanenera, “anakulira m’gulu la oimba.” Kale ali wamng'ono, adalowa m'kalasi pa sukulu ya orchestra ku Saxon State Chapel ku Dresden kwawo, kumene aphunzitsi ake anali oimba otchuka a mzindawo - kondakitala K. Strigler, woimba piyano W. Bachmann ndi oboist I. König. Anali oboe amene anakhala chida ankakonda wochititsa tsogolo, amene kale zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu anachita pa kutonthoza woyamba mu oimba a Dortmund Opera, ndiyeno mu wotchuka Gewandhaus orchestra (1929-1933).
Koma mosasamala kanthu kuti chikondi cha oboe chinali chachikulu bwanji, woimba wachinyamatayo ankafuna zambiri. Adalowa nawo Dresden Opera ngati wothandizira kondakitala ndipo adayamba kuwonekera kumeneko mu 1936, akuchititsa Lortzing's The Poacher. Kenaka patapita zaka za ntchito ku Chemnitz (1942-1947), kumene Kempe anapita kuchokera kwa woimba nyimbo kupita kwa wotsogolera wamkulu wa zisudzo, ndiyeno ku Weimar, kumene anaitanidwa ndi wotsogolera nyimbo wa National Theatre (1948), ndipo potsiriza, m'modzi. M'mabwalo akale kwambiri ku Germany - Dresden Opera (1949-1951). Kubwerera kumudzi kwawo ndikugwira ntchito kumeneko kunakhala nthawi yovuta kwambiri pa ntchito ya wojambulayo. Woimba wachinyamatayo adakhala woyenerera kuwongolera kutali, komwe kunali Schuh, Bush, Boehm ...
Kuyambira nthawi ino kutchuka kwapadziko lonse kwa Kempe kumayamba. Mu 1950, adayendera ku Vienna kwa nthawi yoyamba, ndipo chaka chotsatira adakhala mtsogoleri wa Bavarian National Opera ku Munich, m'malo mwa G. Solti. Koma koposa zonse Kempe adakopeka ndi maulendo. Iye anali kondakitala woyamba wa ku Germany kubwera ku USA nkhondo itatha: Kempe anachititsa Arabella ndi Tannhäuser kumeneko; adachita bwino kwambiri ku London Theatre "Covent Garden" "Ring of the Nibelung"; Ku Salzburg adaitanidwa kuti akachite nawo Palestrina ya Pfitzner. Kenako chipambano chinatsatira chipambano. Kempe amayenda ku Edinburgh Festivals, amachita pafupipafupi ku West Berlin Philharmonic, pa Wailesi yaku Italy. Mu 1560, adayamba ku Bayreuth, adachita "Ring of the Nibelungen" ndipo adachita kangapo mu "mzinda wa Wagner". Wotsogolera adatsogoleranso London Royal Philharmonic ndi Zurich Orchestras. Sasiyanso kulumikizana ndi Dresden Chapel.
Tsopano kulibe dziko lililonse ku Western Europe, North ndi South America, komwe Rudolf Kempe sakanachita. Dzina lake limadziwika bwino kulemba okonda.
“Kempe imatisonyeza tanthauzo la khalidwe labwino la wochititsa,” analemba motero wosuliza wina wa ku Germany. "Ndi chilango chachitsulo, amagwira ntchito mopitirira malire kuti athe kukwaniritsa luso lazojambula, zomwe zimamuthandiza kuti azijambula mosavuta komanso momasuka popanda kudutsa malire a luso lazojambula. Inde, izi sizinali zophweka, popeza anaphunzira opera pambuyo pa opera, chidutswa ndi chidutswa, osati kuchokera ku lingaliro la wotsogolera, komanso kuchokera ku lingaliro la zinthu zauzimu. Ndipo kotero izo zinachitika kuti iye akhoza kutcha "wake" repertoire kwambiri. Amapanga Bach akudziwa bwino miyambo yomwe adaphunzira ku Leipzig. Koma amachitanso ntchito za Richard Strauss ndi chisangalalo ndi kudzipereka, monga momwe akanachitira ku Dresden, kumene anali ndi luso loimba la Strauss la Staatskapelle. Koma iye anachititsanso ntchito za Tchaikovsky, kapena, kunena, olemba amakono, ndi chidwi ndi chidwi, anasamutsidwa kwa iye mu London kuchokera oimba olimba monga Royal Philharmonic. Kondakitala wamtali, wowonda amasangalala ndi kulondola kosadziwika bwino m'manja mwake; Sikumveka kokha kwa manja ake komwe kumakhala kodabwitsa, koma choyamba, momwe amadzazira njira zaukadaulozi ndi zomwe zili kuti akwaniritse zojambulajambula. Zikuwonekeratu kuti chifundo chake chimatembenukira ku nyimbo zazaka za zana la XNUMX - apa atha kuwonetsa mphamvu zochititsa chidwi zomwe zimapangitsa kutanthauzira kwake kukhala kofunikira kwambiri.
L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, 1969
