Adrian Boult |

Adrian Boult

Zaka zingapo zapitazo magazini yachingerezi yotchedwa Music and Music idatcha Adrian Boult "mwina ndiye wochititsa chidwi kwambiri komanso woyendayenda kwambiri munthawi yathu ku UK". Zoonadi, ngakhale atakalamba sanasiye luso lake, anasiya makonsati zana ndi theka chaka, ambiri a iwo m'mayiko osiyanasiyana a ku Ulaya ndi America. Pa umodzi mwa maulendowa, okonda nyimbo za Soviet adadziwanso luso la wotsogolera wolemekezeka. Mu 1956, Adrian Boult anachita ku Moscow pa mutu wa London Philharmonic Orchestra. Panthawiyo anali kale ndi zaka 67 ...

Boult adabadwira m'tawuni yachingerezi ya Chichestor ndipo adalandira maphunziro ake apulaimale ku Westminster School. Kenako adalowa ku Oxford University ndipo ngakhale pamenepo adayang'ana kwambiri nyimbo. Boult adatsogolera gulu la nyimbo za ophunzira, adakhala mabwenzi apamtima ndi pulofesa wanyimbo Hugh Allen. Atamaliza maphunziro a sayansi ndi kulandira digiri ya master mu zaluso, Boult anapitiriza maphunziro ake oimba. Kusankha kudzipereka kuchita, iye anapita Leipzig, kumene bwino motsogozedwa ndi wotchuka Arthur Nikisch.

Kubwerera kwawo, Boult adatha kuchititsa ma concert ochepa chabe ku Liverpool. Pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse, akukhala wantchito wa dipatimenti ya usilikali ndipo pokhapokha pakuyamba mtendere kubwerera ku ntchito yake. Komabe, wojambula waluso sanaiwale: adaitanidwa kukachita masewera angapo a Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. Kupambana kopambana kunasankha tsogolo la Boult: amayamba kuchita pafupipafupi. Ndipo mu 1924, Boult anali kale pa mutu wa Birmingham Symphony Orchestra.

Kusintha kwa mbiri ya wojambulayo, komwe kunamubweretsera kutchuka kwakukulu, kunachitika mu 1930, pamene anasankhidwa kukhala wotsogolera nyimbo wa British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) ndi wotsogolera wamkulu wa okhestra yake yatsopano. Kwa zaka zingapo, wochititsa anatha kusintha gulu ili kwambiri akatswiri nyimbo chamoyo. Gulu la oimba lidadzazidwanso ndi oimba ambiri achichepere, omwe adaleredwa ndi Boult ku Royal College of Music, komwe adaphunzitsa kuyambira zaka makumi awiri zoyambirira.

Kubwerera m'zaka za makumi awiri, Adrian Boult adayamba ulendo wake woyamba kunja kwa England. Kenako anaimba ku Austria, Germany, Czechoslovakia, ndipo kenako m’mayiko ena. Ambiri anayamba kumva dzina la wojambula mu BBC nyimbo mapulogalamu, amene anatsogolera kwa zaka makumi awiri - mpaka 1950.

Chimodzi mwazolinga zazikulu za zochitika zoyendera za Boult chinali kulimbikitsa ntchito za anthu a m'nthawi yake - olemba Chingerezi a zaka za m'ma 1935. Kubwerera ku XNUMX, adachita nawo konsati ya nyimbo za Chingerezi ku Salzburg Festival bwino kwambiri, patatha zaka zinayi adachita nawo chiwonetsero cha World Exhibition ku New York. Boult anachititsa koyambilira kwa nyimbo zofunika kwambiri monga gulu la orchestral "Planets" lolemba G. Holst, Pastoral Symphony lolemba R. Vaughan Williams, Colour Symphony ndi konsati ya piyano yolembedwa ndi A. Bliss. Nthawi yomweyo, Boult amadziwika kuti ndi womasulira bwino kwambiri wazakale. Mbiri yake yaikulu imaphatikizapo ntchito za olemba a mayiko onse ndi nyengo, kuphatikizapo nyimbo za ku Russia, zomwe zimayimiridwa ndi mayina a Tchaikovsky, Borodin, Rachmaninoff ndi olemba ena.

Zaka zambiri zazaka zambiri zimalola Boult kulumikizana mwachangu ndi oimba, kuphunzira zidutswa zatsopano mosavuta; amadziwa momwe angakwaniritsire okhestra kumveka bwino kwa gulu, kuwala kwa mitundu, kulondola kwachirengedwe. Zonsezi ndizochokera ku London Philharmonic Orchestra, yomwe Boult yatsogolera kuyambira 1950.

Boult anafotokoza mwachidule zochitika zake zolemera monga wotsogolera ndi mphunzitsi m'mabuku ake ndi nyimbo, zomwe zosangalatsa kwambiri ndizo Pocket Guide to Conducting Techniques, zolembedwa pamodzi ndi V. Emery, kuphunzira kwa Matthew Passion, kusanthula ndi kutanthauzira kwawo, komanso buku lakuti "Maganizo pa Kuchita", zidutswa zake zamasuliridwa m'Chirasha.

"Contemporary Conductors", M. 1969.