Kuthokoza (José Carreras) |

José carreras

“Iye ndi wanzeru ndithu. Kuphatikiza kosowa - mawu, nyimbo, kukhulupirika, khama ndi kukongola kodabwitsa. Ndipo adapeza zonse. Ndine wokondwa kuti ndinali woyamba kuwona diamondiyi ndikuthandizira dziko lapansi kuti liyiwone,” akutero Montserrat Caballe.

"Ndife anzanga, ndikumvetsa kuti iye ndi wa ku Spain kuposa ine. Mwina izi ndichifukwa choti anakulira ku Barcelona, ​​​​ndipo ndinakulira ku Mexico. Kapena mwina samapondereza mtima wake chifukwa cha sukulu ya bel canto ... Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, timagawana bwino mutu wakuti "Chizindikiro cha dziko la Spain" pakati pathu, ngakhale ndikudziwa bwino kuti ndi yake kuposa ine, ”Plácido amakhulupirira kuti Domingo.

"Woyimba wodabwitsa. Mnzanu wabwino kwambiri. Munthu wabwino kwambiri, "akutero Katya Ricciarelli.

José Carreras anabadwa pa December 5, 1946. Mchemwali wake wa Jose, Maria Antonia Carreras-Coll, anati: “Anali mnyamata wodekha modabwitsa, wodekha ndi wanzeru. Anali ndi khalidwe lomwe nthawi yomweyo linakopa chidwi: kuyang'ana mwachidwi komanso mozama, zomwe, mukuwona, ndizosowa kwambiri mwa mwana. Nyimbozo zinali ndi zotsatira zodabwitsa pa iye: iye anakhala chete ndi kusandulika kwathunthu, iye anasiya kukhala wamba wamba wakuda tomboy wakuda. Sanangomvetsera nyimbo, koma ankawoneka kuti akuyesera kulowa mkati mwake.

José anayamba kuimba msanga. Anakhala ndi chiwongolero chowoneka bwino, chofanana ndi mawu a Robertino Loretti. José anayamba kukonda kwambiri opera ataonera filimu yotchedwa The Great Caruso ndi Mario Lanza pa udindo wake.

Komabe, banja la Carreras, lolemera komanso lolemekezeka, silinakonzekere Jose tsogolo laluso. Wakhala akugwira ntchito kwa makolo ake kwa nthawi yayitali, akupereka mabasiketi a katundu kuzungulira Barcelona panjinga. Pa nthawi yomweyo kuphunzira ku yunivesite; nthawi yaulere imagawidwa pakati pa bwalo lamasewera ndi atsikana.

Pofika nthawi imeneyo, chiwombankhanga chake chinakhala chokongola mofanana, koma malotowo anali ofanana - siteji ya nyumba ya opera. "Mukafunsa Jose zomwe angapereke moyo wake ngati atayambiranso, sindikukayika kuti angayankhe kuti: "Kuimba". Ndipo sakanayimitsidwa ndi zovuta zomwe akanayenera kuthana nazo, chisoni ndi mitsempha yokhudzana ndi ntchitoyi. Iye samaona mawu ake kukhala okongola kwambiri ndipo samachita narcissism. Amangomvetsa bwino kuti Mulungu adampatsa luso lomwe ali ndi udindo. Talente ndi chisangalalo, komanso udindo waukulu, "akutero Maria Antonia Carreras-Coll.

A. Yaroslavtseva analemba kuti: “Kukwera kwa Carreras pamwamba pa masewera a Olympus akuyerekezedwa ndi chozizwitsa. - Koma iye, monga Cinderella aliyense, amafunikira nthano. Ndipo iye, ngati kuti mu nthano, anaonekera kwa iye pafupifupi yekha. Tsopano ndizovuta kunena zomwe zidakopa chidwi cha Montserrat Caballe poyambirira - mawonekedwe okongola kwambiri, olemekezeka kapena mitundu yodabwitsa ya mawu. Koma zikhale choncho, iye anatenga kudula kwa mwala wamtengo wapatali uwu, ndipo zotsatira zake, mosiyana ndi malonjezo otsatsa malonda, zidaposadi ziyembekezo zonse. Kanthawi kochepa chabe m'moyo wake, José Carreras adawonekera pang'ono. Anali Mary Stuart, momwe Caballe mwiniwake adayimba udindo wake.

Miyezi yochepa yokha inadutsa, ndipo zisudzo zabwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi zinayamba kutsutsa wina ndi mzake ndi woimbayo wamng'ono. Komabe, Jose sanafulumire kumaliza makontrakitala. Amasunga mawu ake ndipo nthawi yomweyo amakulitsa luso lake.

Carreras adayankha zonse zokopa: "Sindingathebe kuchita zambiri." Osazengereza, adavomerezabe zomwe Caballe adamuuza kuti akachite ku La Scala. Koma adadandaula pachabe - kuwonekera kwake koyamba kunali kupambana.

"Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, Carreras anayamba kukwera mofulumira kwambiri," anatero A. Yaroslavtseva. - Iye mwini amatha kusankha maudindo, zopanga, othandizana nawo. Ndi katundu woterowo osati moyo wathanzi kwambiri, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kwa woimba wachinyamata, wadyera pa siteji ndi kutchuka, kupewa ngozi yowononga mawu ake. Repertoire ya Carreras ikukula, imaphatikizapo pafupifupi mbali zonse za lyric tenor, chiwerengero chachikulu cha nyimbo za Neapolitan, Spanish, American, ballads, zachikondi. Onjezani apa ma operetta ndi nyimbo za pop. Ndi mawu angati okongola omwe adafufutidwa, adataya kukongola kwawo, kukongola kwachilengedwe komanso kukhazikika chifukwa cha kusankha kolakwika kwa repertoire komanso malingaliro osasamala pa zida zawo zoimbira - tengani chitsanzo chomvetsa chisoni cha Giuseppe Di Stefano, woyimba yemwe Carreras adamuganizira. zabwino zake ndi chitsanzo kwa zaka zambiri kutengera.

Koma Carreras, mwina chifukwa chanzeru Montserrat Caballe, yemwe akudziwa bwino zoopsa zonse zomwe akuyembekezera woimbayo, ndiwosunga komanso wanzeru.

Carreras amakhala ndi moyo wotanganidwa. Amayimba m'magawo onse akuluakulu a opera padziko lapansi. Mbiri yake yambiri imaphatikizapo osati ma opera a Verdi, Donizetti, Puccini, komanso amagwira ntchito monga Handel's Samson oratorio ndi West Side Story. Carreras adachita komaliza mu 1984, ndipo wolemba, wolemba nyimbo Leonard Bernstein.

Nawa malingaliro ake okhudza woyimba waku Spain: "Woyimba wosamvetsetseka! Mbuye, omwe ali ochepa, talente yaikulu - ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo wophunzira wodzichepetsa kwambiri. Pakubwereza, sindikuwona woyimba wabwino wotchuka padziko lonse lapansi, koma - simudzakhulupirira - siponji! Siponji yeniyeni yomwe imayamwa moyamikira zonse zomwe ndikunena, ndipo imachita bwino kuti ikwaniritse zobisika kwambiri.

Wotsogolera wina wotchuka, Herbert von Karajan, nayenso samabisa momwe amaonera Carreras: "Mawu apadera. Mwina teno wokongola kwambiri komanso wokonda kwambiri yemwe ndamvapo m'moyo wanga. Tsogolo lake ndi gawo lanyimbo komanso lochititsa chidwi, momwe adzawala. Ndimagwira naye ntchito mosangalala kwambiri. Iye ndi mtumiki weniweni wa nyimbo.”

Woimbayo Kiri Te Kanawa akugwirizananso ndi akatswiri awiri azaka za zana la XNUMX: "Jose wandiphunzitsa zambiri. Ndiwothandizana naye kwambiri potengera kuti pa siteji amazolowera kupereka zambiri kuposa kufuna kwa mnzake. Iye ndi katswiri weniweni pa siteji ndi m'moyo. Mumadziŵa mmene oimba ansanje amachitira kuombera m’manja, kugwada, chirichonse chimene chikuwoneka kukhala chopambana. Kotero, sindinazindikire nsanje yopusa iyi mwa iye. Iye ndi mfumu ndipo amachidziwa bwino. Koma amadziŵanso kuti mkazi aliyense amene ali naye pafupi, kaya akhale mnzake kapena wokonza zovala, ndi mfumukazi.”

Chilichonse chinayenda bwino, koma patangotha ​​​​tsiku limodzi, Carreras adasintha kuchokera kwa woyimba wotchuka kukhala munthu yemwe alibe chilichonse choti alipire chithandizo. Komanso, matenda - khansa ya m'magazi - anasiya mwayi wochepa wa chipulumutso. M'chaka chonse cha 1989, Spain adawona kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa wojambula wokondedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, anali ndi mtundu wamagazi osowa, ndipo madzi a m'magazi oti amuike anayenera kusonkhanitsidwa m'dziko lonselo. Koma palibe chimene chinathandiza. Carreras akukumbukira kuti: “Panthaŵi ina, mwadzidzidzi ndinalibe nazo ntchito: banja, siteji, moyo weniweniwo ... ndinkafunadi kuti zonse zithe. Sikuti ndinali wodwala matenda osachiritsika. Inenso ndatopa kwambiri.”

Koma panali munthu wina amene anapitiriza kukhulupirira kuti wachira. Caballe adayika pambali chilichonse kuti akhale pafupi ndi Carreras.

Ndipo chozizwitsa chinachitika - zomwe zachitika posachedwa zachipatala zidapereka zotsatira. Chithandizocho chinayambika ku Madrid chinamalizidwa bwino ku USA. Dziko la Spain linavomera kubwerera kwake.

A. Yaroslavtseva analemba kuti: “Anabwerera. "Wochepa thupi, koma osataya chisomo chachilengedwe komanso kuyenda kosavuta, kutaya gawo la tsitsi lake lapamwamba, koma kusunga ndikuwonjezera chithumwa chosakayikitsa ndi kukongola kwachimuna.

Zikuwoneka kuti mutha kukhazika mtima pansi, kukhala m'nyumba yanu yocheperako mtunda wa ola limodzi kuchokera ku Barcelona, ​​​​kusewera tennis ndi ana anu ndikusangalala ndi chisangalalo chabata cha munthu yemwe adapulumuka mozizwitsa.

Palibe chonga ichi. Chikhalidwe chosatopa ndi kupsa mtima, zomwe chimodzi mwa zilakolako zake zambiri zimachitcha kuti "zowononga", zimamuponyeranso kumoto wamoto. Iye, amene khansa ya m'magazi pafupifupi kulandidwa moyo, ali mofulumira kubwerera mwamsanga ku kukumbatirana ochereza wa tsoka, amene nthawi zonse mowolowa manja amvula ndi mphatso zake.

Ngakhale kuti sanachira ku matenda aakulu, anapita ku Moscow kukachita konsati mokomera anthu amene anakhudzidwa ndi chivomezi ku Armenia. Ndipo posakhalitsa, mu 1990, konsati wotchuka wa tenors atatu unachitika mu Rome, pa World Cup.

Taonani zimene Luciano Pavarotti analemba m’buku lake kuti: “Kwa atatu a ife, konsati imeneyi ku Baths of Caracalla yakhala imodzi mwa zochitika zazikulu m’moyo wathu wa kulenga. Popanda kuopa kuoneka ngati wosadzichepetsa, ndikuyembekeza kuti zakhala zosaiŵalika kwa ambiri a opezekapo. Anthu amene anaonera konsati pa TV anamva José kwa nthawi yoyamba kuchokera pamene anachira. Seweroli linawonetsa kuti adakhalanso ndi moyo osati ngati munthu, komanso ngati wojambula wamkulu. Tinali ooneka bwino kwambiri ndipo tinaimba mosangalala komanso mosangalala, zomwe sizichitikachitika tikamaimba limodzi. Ndipo popeza tinapanga konsati mokomera José, tinali okhutitsidwa ndi chindapusa chochepa cha madzulo: inali mphotho yachidule, popanda malipiro otsalira kapena kuchotsera pa malonda a makaseti omvera ndi mavidiyo. Sitinkaganiza kuti pulogalamu ya nyimbo imeneyi idzakhala yotchuka kwambiri komanso kuti padzakhala zomvetsera ndi mavidiyo. Chilichonse chidangotengedwa ngati chikondwerero chachikulu cha opera chokhala ndi oimba ambiri, monga msonkho wachikondi ndi ulemu kwa mnzake wodwala komanso wachire. Kawirikawiri zisudzo zoterezi zimalandiridwa bwino ndi anthu, koma zimakhala zochepa kwambiri padziko lapansi.

Pofuna kubwerera ku siteji, Carreras adathandizidwanso ndi James Levine, Georg Solti, Zubin Meta, Carlo Bergonzi, Marilyn Horn, Kiri Te Kanava, Katherine Malfitano, Jaime Aragal, Leopold Simono.

Caballe adafunsa Carreras pachabe kuti adzisamalire atadwala. “Ndimalingalira za ine ndekha,” anayankha motero José. “Sizikudziwika kuti ndikhala ndi moyo kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji, koma zachitika zochepa kwambiri!”

Ndipo tsopano Carreras akutenga nawo mbali pamwambo wotsegulira Masewera a Olimpiki a Barcelona, ​​​​amalemba ma disc angapo omwe ali ndi nyimbo zachikondi kwambiri padziko lapansi. Amasankha kuyimba udindo wa opera Stiffelio makamaka kwa iye. Ndikoyenera kunena kuti ndizovuta kwambiri moti ngakhale Mario Del Monaco adaganiza zoyimba kokha kumapeto kwa ntchito yake.

Anthu omwe amamudziwa woimbayo amamuwonetsa ngati munthu wokangana kwambiri. Zimaphatikizana modabwitsa kudzipatula ndi kuyandikana ndi khalidwe lachiwawa ndi chikondi chachikulu cha moyo.

Mfumukazi Caroline wa ku Monaco anati: “Akuoneka kuti amandibisira, n’kovuta kumutulutsa m’chigoba chake. Iye ndi wonyodola pang'ono, koma ali ndi ufulu wotero. Nthawi zina amakhala oseketsa, nthawi zambiri amakhala wolunjika kwambiri ...

Maria Antonia Carreras-Coll: "Jose ndi munthu wosadziwikiratu. Zimaphatikiza zinthu zotsutsana zomwe nthawi zina zimawoneka ngati zosaneneka. Mwachitsanzo, iye ndi munthu wodzisunga modabwitsa, moti kwa ena amaona ngati alibe maganizo alionse. M'malo mwake, ali ndi mtima wokwiya kwambiri womwe ndidakumanapo nawo. Ndipo ndinawona ambiri a iwo, chifukwa ku Spain siachilendo konse.

Mkazi wokongola wa Mercedes, yemwe adakhululukira Caballe ndi Ricciarelli, ndi maonekedwe a "mafani" ena, adamusiya Carreras atayamba chidwi ndi chitsanzo chachinyamata cha ku Poland. Komabe, izi sizinakhudze chikondi cha ana a Alberto ndi Julia kwa abambo awo. Julia ananena kuti: “Ndi wanzeru komanso wansangala. Komanso, iye ndi bambo wabwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.