Mitundu ya gitala
Gitala yamagetsi ndi imodzi mwa zida zodziwika bwino pankhani ya nyimbo zopepuka. Chiyambi cha otchuka mpaka lero "dechy" kuyambira zaka makumi anai za zaka za m'ma XNUMX. Gitala lamagetsi, komabe, limafunikira chinachake kuti liziyimba. Zojambula za gitala, zomwe mwina zimakhudza kwambiri phokoso, zadutsa zaka makumi ambiri ndipo zikusinthabe ndipo zikusintha kuti zigwirizane ndi zosowa za oimba amakono. Mapangidwe owoneka ngati osavuta a gitala amatha kusintha kwambiri mawonekedwe a gitala, kutengera mtundu wa maginito, kuchuluka kwa ma coil ndi malingaliro apangidwe.
Mbiri yachidule ya kuyimba gitala
Muli bwanji BUM! pakuti magitala amagetsi adawonekera, monga ndidalembera kale, m'ma 1935 ndi 1951, kuyesa kukulitsa chizindikirocho kunawonekera kale. Kuyesera koyamba pogwiritsa ntchito cholembera chomwe chinayikidwa mu magitala omvera sikunabweretse zotsatira zomwe anafuna. Malingaliro odabwitsa a m'modzi mwa antchito a Gibson - Walter Fuller, yemwe adapanga XNUMX chosinthira maginito, chomwe chimadziwika mpaka lero. Kuyambira pamenepo, kupita patsogolo kwakula kwambiri. Mu XNUMX, Fender Telecaster idawonekera - gitala loyamba lamagetsi lopangidwa mochuluka ndi thupi lopangidwa ndi matabwa olimba. Kumanga kumeneku kunafuna kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzithunzi zapadera zomwe zikanakhala zogwira mtima mokwanira kuti zithandize kukulitsa chida chomwe chimayenera kudutsa mpaka kuchigawo cha rhythm chikuyimba mokweza kwambiri. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, chitukuko cha teknoloji yojambula zithunzi chapita patsogolo kwambiri. Opanga anayamba kuyesa mphamvu ya maginito, zipangizo, ndi zolumikizira.
Kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kujambula kwagitala yamagetsi
Ma transducer nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zinthu zitatu zokhazikika za maginito, maginito cores ndi koyilo. Maginito osatha amapanga mphamvu ya maginito nthawi zonse ndipo chingwe chomwe chimalowetsedwa mu vibration chimasintha kusintha kwa maginito. Malingana ndi mphamvu ya kugwedezeka uku, voliyumu ndi phokoso la kusintha konseko. Zomwe zimapangidwa kuchokera ku transducer, mphamvu ya maginito ndi zinthu zomwe zingwe zimapangidwira ndizofunikanso. Ma transmitters amatha kutsekedwa munyumba yachitsulo kapena pulasitiki. Mapangidwe a otembenuza ndi mitundu yawo amakhudzanso phokoso lomaliza.
Mitundu ya ma transducers
Zojambula zosavuta kwambiri za gitala zitha kugawidwa m'makoyilo amodzi ndi ma humbuckers. Magulu onsewa amadziwika ndi mtengo wosiyanasiyana wa sonic, mphamvu zosiyanasiyana zotulutsa, zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana.
• Kololera imodzi - adapeza ntchito yayikulu kwambiri muzomanga za Fender. Amadziwika ndi phokoso lowala, "laiwisi" ndithu ndi chizindikiro chaching'ono. Vuto la mapangidwe amtunduwu ndi ma hums osafunikira, omwe amakhala ovuta kwambiri akamagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kupotoza. Ngakhale zili ndi zilema izi, ma pickups amasangalala ndi kutchuka kosasinthika ndipo ndizovuta kuwerengera oimba magitala odziwika bwino omwe adapanga mawu awo apadera paokha. Ubwino waukulu wamtundu wamtunduwu ndi mawu omwe tawatchulawa, komanso kuyankha kwakukulu pamatchulidwe, kusamutsa kwachilengedwe kwa gitala kwa wokamba mawu. Masiku ano, opanga angapo apanga koyilo yanyimbo yopanda phokoso, ndikuwonjezera mawu owonjezera omwe sakugwira ntchito. Izi zinapangitsa kuti athetse hum ndikusunga mawonekedwe amtundu umodzi. Komabe, otsutsa yankholi amakhulupirira kuti zimakhudza phokoso ndikutaya mawu oyambirira. Gulu la coil limodzi limaphatikizaponso zithunzi za P-90, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu magitala a Gibson kuti aunikire phokoso lakuda la nkhuni za mahogany. Ma P-90s ali ndi chizindikiro cholimba komanso mawu ofunda pang'ono. Makapu a Fender omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu magitala a Jazzmaster ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana. Chizindikiro cholimba, chimagwira ntchito bwino ndi timbre zopotoka komanso kumveka kwa mawu osangalatsa kwa oimba nyimbo zamtundu wina womveka bwino.
Seti yojambulira koyilo imodzi yokha
• humbuckers - idawuka makamaka chifukwa chofuna kuthetsa hums zosafunikira zotulutsidwa ndi ma pickups ndi koyilo imodzi. Komabe, monga mmene zimakhalira nthaŵi zambiri m’nkhani zoterozo, “zotsatira zake” zinasinthiratu nyimbo za gitala. Zozungulira ziwirizi zinayamba kumveka mosiyana kwambiri ndi za single. Phokosolo linakhala lamphamvu, lotentha, panali gulu la bass ndi lapakati lokondedwa ndi oimba gitala. Ma Humbuckers amalekerera bwino mawu opotoka, okhazikikawo adatalikitsidwa, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti solos ikhale yamphamvu komanso yamphamvu. Humbucker wakhala gawo lofunika kwambiri la nyimbo za rock, blues ndi jazz. Phokoso lolemera limakhala "labwino" komanso "losavuta" kuposa osakwatiwa, koma nthawi yomweyo lolemera. Izi zidapereka gawo lokhazikitsira maginito amphamvu, omwe amatengera kusokoneza kwambiri. Jazzmen amayamikira ma humbuckers chifukwa cha mawu ofunda, oponderezedwa pang'ono. Kuphatikizidwa ndi magitala a hollowbody, amapanga kamvekedwe kachilengedwe komanso kamvekedwe kabwino ka nyimbo kameneka.
Kampani ya Humbucker Seymour Duncan
Zaka makumi angapo zaposachedwapa zabweretsa njira zambiri zothetsera mavuto obwera chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwaumisiri. Kampani ya EMG yabweretsa ma transducer omwe amagwira ntchito pamsika, chizindikiro chachilengedwe chomwe chachepetsedwa ndikukulitsidwa ndi preamplifier yopangidwa mwaluso. Makapu awa amafunikira mphamvu yowonjezera (nthawi zambiri imakhala batire ya 9V). Chifukwa cha yankho ili, zinali zotheka kuchepetsa phokoso ndi kung'ung'udza mpaka pafupifupi ziro, ngakhale mopotoza kwambiri. Iwo amabwera mu mawonekedwe a osakwatiwa ndi humbuckers. Phokoso ndilofanana, oimba amakono komanso achitsulo amawakonda makamaka. Otsutsa madalaivala okangalika amatsutsa kuti sizikumveka zachilengedwe komanso zotentha mokwanira ndipo chizindikiro chawo chimakhala choponderezedwa, makamaka pamawu oyera komanso opotoka pang'ono.
Pakali pano, pali ambiri opanga ma pickups apamwamba a gitala lamagetsi pamsika. Kuphatikiza pa ma precursors monga Gibson ndi Fender, Seymour Duncan, DiMarzio, EMG amasangalala ndi mbiri yapamwamba kwambiri. Komanso ku Poland titha kupeza mitundu iwiri yapadziko lonse lapansi. Merlin ndi Hathor Pickups mosakayikira.
