Zdeněk Chalabala |

Zdenek Chalabala

Anthu a m'dera lake adatcha Halabala "bwenzi la nyimbo za ku Russia". Ndipo ndithudi, kulikonse kumene wojambulayo wakhala akugwira ntchito kwa zaka zambiri monga wotsogolera, nyimbo za ku Russia nthawi zonse zimakhala pakati pa chidwi chake pamodzi ndi nyimbo za Czech ndi Slovak.

Halabala anali wokonda opera wobadwa. Iye anabwera ku zisudzo mu 1924 ndipo poyamba anaima pa nsanja m'tauni yaing'ono ya Ugreshski Hradiste. Wophunzira ku Brno Conservatory, wophunzira wa L. Janáček ndi F. Neumann, adawonetsa luso lake mwachangu, pochita nawo zisudzo komanso m'makonsati a Slovak Philharmonic yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ndi kutenga nawo gawo. Kuyambira 1925, anayamba kugwira ntchito pa Brno Folk Theatre, amene kenako anakhala wochititsa wamkulu.

Panthawiyi, osati kalembedwe kameneka kamene kanatsimikiziridwa, komanso kutsogolera kwa ntchito yake: adapanga masewero a Dvořák ndi Fibich ku Brno, adalimbikitsa mwamphamvu ntchito ya L. Janáček, adatembenukira ku nyimbo za ojambula amakono. - Novak, Förster, E. Schulhoff, B. Martina, ku Russian classics ("The Snow Maiden", "Prince Igor", "Boris Godunov", "Khovanshchina", "The Tsar's Bride", "Kitezh"). Udindo waukulu mu tsogolo lake ankaimba ndi msonkhano ndi Chaliapin, amene kondakitala amamutcha mmodzi wa "aphunzitsi ake enieni": mu 1931 woimba Russian anapita ku Brno, kuchita mbali ya Boris.

Zaka khumi zotsatira, akugwira ntchito limodzi ndi V. Talich ku Prague National Theatre, Halabala ankatsogoleredwa ndi mfundo zomwezo. Pamodzi ndi akale achi Czech ndi Russian, adapanga ma opera ndi B. Vomachka, M. Krejci, I. Zelinka, F. Shkroupa.

Kupambana kwa ntchito za Halabala kudabwera pambuyo pa nkhondo. Iye anali kondakitala wamkulu wa zisudzo lalikulu Czechoslovakia - mu Ostrava (1945-1947), Brno (1949-1952), Bratislava (1952-1953) ndipo, potsiriza, kuyambira 1953 mpaka mapeto a moyo wake anatsogolera National Theatre. ku Prague. Zopangidwa mwaluso zamaluso apanyumba ndi achi Russia, zisudzo zamakono monga Svyatopluk zolembedwa ndi Sukhonya ndi Prokofiev's Tale of a Real Man, zidapangitsa Halabala kuzindikirika koyenera.

Wotsogolera wachita mobwerezabwereza kunja - ku Yugoslavia, Poland, East Germany, Italy. Mu 1 anapita ku USSR kwa nthawi yoyamba ndi Prague National Theatre, akuchititsa Smetana The Bartered Bride ndi Rusalka ya Dvořák. Ndipo patapita zaka ziwiri, iye anapita ku Moscow Bolshoi Theatre, kumene iye anachita nawo kupanga "Boris Godunov", "Kuweta Nsomba" ndi Shebalin, "Mwana wake wopeza" ndi Janacek ndi Leningrad - "The Mermaid" ndi Dvorak. . Masewero omwe adapangidwa motsogozedwa ndi atolankhani aku Moscow adatchedwa "chochitika chofunikira kwambiri pa moyo wanyimbo"; osuliza anayamikira ntchito ya “wojambula wochenjera ndi wozindikira” amene “anakopa omvera ndi kumasulira kwake kokhutiritsa.”

Zina zabwino kwambiri za talente ya Halabala - kuya ndi kuchenjera, kukula, kukula kwa malingaliro - zikuwonekeranso m'mawu omwe adawasiya, kuphatikizapo nyimbo za "Whirlpool" za Sukhonya, "Sharka" za Fibich, "Devil and Kacha" lolemba Dvorak ndi ena, komanso ku USSR kujambula kwa opera ya V. Shebalin "The Taming of the Shrew".

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek