Bernard Haitink |

Bernard Haitink

Willem Mengelberg, Bruno Walther, Pierre Monte, Eduard van Beinum, Eugen Jochum - uwu ndi mndandanda waluso wa akatswiri ojambula omwe adatsogolera ochestra otchuka a Concertgebouw ku Amsterdam m'zaka za zana la XNUMX. Mfundo yakuti zaka zingapo zapitazo mndandanda wawonjezeredwa ndi dzina la kondakitala wachi Dutch Bernard Haitink ndi wodzikweza kale. Pa nthawi yomweyi, kusankhidwa kwa udindo woterewu kunalinso kuzindikira kwa talente yake, zotsatira za ntchito yabwino yomwe idakhazikitsidwa bwino komanso yofulumira kwambiri.

Bernard Haitink anamaliza maphunziro awo ku Amsterdam Conservatory monga woimba violin, koma pambuyo pake anayamba kupezeka pa maphunziro a wailesi ya Netherlands, omwe anachitidwa ndi F. Leitner ku Hilversum. Anachita ngati wotsogolera ku Stuttgart Opera, motsogozedwa ndi mphunzitsi wake. Kalelo mu 1953, Haitink anali woimba violin mu Hilversum Radio Philharmonic Orchestra, ndipo mu 1957 anatsogolera gululi ndipo anagwira ntchito nalo kwa zaka zisanu. Panthawi imeneyi, Haitink adadziwa ntchito zambiri, zomwe zimachitidwa ndi oimba onse a dziko, kuphatikizapo kangapo pazaka, ataitanidwa ndi Beinum, pa Concertgebouw console.

Pambuyo pa imfa ya Beinum, wojambula wachinyamatayo adagawana udindo wa wotsogolera wamkulu wa oimba ndi wolemekezeka E. Jochum. Haitink, yemwe analibe chidziwitso chokwanira, sanathe mwamsanga kupambana ulamuliro wa oimba ndi anthu. Koma patapita zaka ziwiri, otsutsa anamuzindikira monga wolowa m'malo woyenera ntchito ya akale kwambiri. Gulu lodziwa zambiri linakondana ndi mtsogoleri wawo, linathandiza kukulitsa luso lake.

Masiku ano Haitink ali ndi malo pakati pa oimira aluso kwambiri a okonda achinyamata aku Europe. Izi zimatsimikiziridwa osati kokha ndi kupambana kwake kunyumba, komanso ndi maulendo oyendayenda m'malo akuluakulu ndi zikondwerero - ku Edinburgh, Berlin, Los Angeles, New York, Prague. Zambiri mwa zojambulira za otsogolera achichepere zimayamikiridwa kwambiri ndi otsutsa, kuphatikiza ndakatulo za Mahler's First Symphony, ndakatulo za Smetana, Tchaikovsky's Italian Capriccio, ndi Stravinsky's Firebird suite.

Luso la kondakitala ndi losinthasintha, limakopa momveka bwino komanso mophweka. “Chilichonse chimene achita,” akulemba motero wotsutsa Wachijeremani W. Schwinger, “kumverera kwatsopano ndi kukopa mwachibadwa sikumakusiyani.” Kukoma kwake, kalembedwe kake komanso mawonekedwe ake amawonekera makamaka pakuyimba nyimbo za Haydn mochedwa, zake The Four Seasons, ma symphonies a Schubert, Brahms, Bruckner, Romeo wa Prokofiev ndi Juliet. Nthawi zambiri amachita Haitink ndikugwira ntchito ndi olemba a Dutch amakono - H. Badings, van der Horst, de Leeuw ndi ena. Pomaliza, nyimbo zake zoyamba za opera, The Flying Dutchman ndi Don Giovanni, zidapambananso.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, 1969

Anali Principal Conductor wa London Philharmonic Orchestra kuyambira 1967 mpaka 1979 ndi Artistic Director wa Glyndebourne Opera Festival kuyambira 1978 mpaka 1988. Mu 1987-2002, Haitink adatsogolera London Opera House Covent Garden yotchuka, kenako kwa zaka ziwiri adatsogolera Dresden State Chapel, koma mu 2004 adathetsa mgwirizano wazaka zinayi chifukwa cha kusagwirizana ndi woyang'anira (wotsogolera) wa tchalitchi pazochitika za bungwe. Kuyambira 1994 mpaka 2000 adatsogolera European Union Youth Orchestra. Kuyambira 2006 Haitink wakhala Principal Conductor wa Chicago Symphony Orchestra; Nyengo yoyamba ya ntchito inamubweretsa mu 2007 mutu wa "Musician of the Year" malinga ndi bungwe la akatswiri oimba "Musical America".