Za zolemba mu nyimbo

Chifukwa cha chizindikiro chodziwika bwino - cholemba - ma frequency ena samangolembedwa polemba, komanso amapangitsa kuti kupanga nyimbo kumveke bwino.

Tanthauzo

Zolemba mu nyimbo ndi zida zosinthira nthawi yomweyo mafunde amtundu winawake pa chilembo. Nyimbo zoikidwiratu zoterozo zimapanga mpambo wonse wa nyimbozo. Cholemba chilichonse chili ndi dzina lake komanso pafupipafupi, mtundu wa amene ndi 20 Hz - 20 kHz.

Kutchula mafupipafupi, ndi chizolowezi kugwiritsa ntchito manambala enieni, chifukwa izi ndizovuta, koma dzina.

Nkhani

Lingaliro lokonzekera mayina a zolembazo ndi la woimba ndi amonke ochokera ku Florence, Guido d'Arezzo. Chifukwa cha khama lake, nyimbo zodziwika bwino zidawonekera m'zaka za zana la 11. Chifukwa chake chinali maphunziro ovuta a oimba a nyumba ya amonke, omwe amonke sanathe kukwaniritsa ntchito yogwirizana ya ntchito za tchalitchi. Pofuna kuti musavutike kuphunzira nyimbo zoimbira, Guido ankalemba mawu ndi mabwalo apadera, omwe pambuyo pake anadzadziwika kuti manotsi.

Dziwani mayina

Aliyense nyimbo octave imakhala ndi zolemba 7 - do, re, mi, fa, mchere, la, si. Lingaliro lotchula zolemba zisanu ndi chimodzi zoyambirira ndi la Guido d'Arezzo. Iwo adakalipobe mpaka lero, mosasintha kwenikweni: Ut, Re, Mi, Fa, Sol, La. Wamonkeyo anatenga syllable yoyamba pa mzere uliwonse wa nyimbo imene Akatolika anayimba polemekeza Yohane M’batizi. Guido ndiye adapanga ntchitoyi, yomwe imatchedwa "Ut queant laxis" ("Kumveka bwino").

UT QUEANT LAXIS - NATIVITÀ DI SAN GIOVANNI BATTISTA - B

Ut laxis wamba re matenda a fibris

Mi ndi gestorum fa muli tuorum,

Sol ndi polluti la biis reatum,

Sancte Joannes.

Nuntius celso veniens Olympo,

perekani magnum for nasciturum,

nomen, et vitae seriem gerendae,

kulamula lonjezo.

Ille promissi dubius superni

perdidit promptae modulos loquelae;

sed reformasti genitus peremptae

mawu a organa.

Ventris obstruso imatulutsa makwinya,

Zotsatira za Regem thalamo manentem:

zilonda zam'mimba, zilonda zam'mimba, 

abdita pandit.

Sit decus Patri, genitaeque Proli

et tibi, fanizirani utriusque virtus,

Spiritus semper, Deus unus,

omni temporis aevo. Amene

M'kupita kwa nthawi, dzina la cholemba choyamba linasintha kuchokera ku Ut kupita ku Do (m'Chilatini, mawu oti "Ambuye" amamveka ngati "Dominus"). Cholemba chachisanu ndi chiwiri si chinawonekera - Si kuchokera ku mawu akuti Sancte Iohannes.

Kodi zidachokera kuti?

Pali zilembo zamakalata pogwiritsa ntchito zilembo zanyimbo zachi Latin:

• C;
• D;
• E;
• F;
• G;
• A;
• b.

Choyera ndi chakuda

Zida zoimbira za kiyibodi zili ndi makiyi akuda ndi oyera. Makiyi oyera amafanana ndi zolemba zazikulu zisanu ndi ziwiri - do, re, mi, fa, mchere, la, si. Pamwamba pawo pali makiyi akuda, ophatikizidwa ndi mayunitsi 2-3. Mayina awo amabwereza mayina a makiyi oyera omwe ali pafupi, koma ndi kuwonjezera mawu awiri:

• chakuthwa ndi prefix ku dzina la kiyi wakuda kumanja kwa kiyi woyera;
• lathyathyathya - dzina lowonjezera la kiyi yakuda, yomwe ili kumanzere kwa kiyi yoyera.

Pali kiyi imodzi yakuda ya makiyi awiri oyera, ndichifukwa chake amatchedwa dzina lawiri. Taganizirani chitsanzo: pakati pa white do ndi re pali kiyi yakuda. Zidzakhala zonse C-lakuthwa ndi D-flat nthawi imodzi.

Mayankho pa mafunso

Mfundo Zokondweretsa

Mbiri ya nyimbo yasonkhanitsa zambiri zokhudza chitukuko cha nyimbo, kugwiritsa ntchito zolemba, kulemba nyimbo ndi chithandizo chawo. Tiyeni tidziŵe ena mwa iwo:

1. Guido d'Arezzo asanatulukire nyimbo, oimba ankagwiritsa ntchito neumes, zizindikiro zapadera zokhala ngati madontho ndi mizere yolembedwa pa gumbwa. Mizere ya mzerawo inali ngati chitsanzo cha manotsi, ndipo timadontho tinkasonyeza kupanikizika. Nevmas anagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi catalogs kumene mafotokozedwe analembedwa. Dongosololi linali lovuta kwambiri, choncho oimba nyimbo zatchalitchi ankasokonezeka pophunzira nyimbo.
2. Mafupipafupi otsika kwambiri opangidwanso ndi mawu a munthu ndi 0.189 Hz . Cholemba ichi G ndi ma octave 8 otsika kuposa piyano. Munthu wamba amamva phokoso pafupipafupi 16 Hz . Kuti ndikonze mbiriyi, ndinayenera kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zapadera. Phokosoli linapangidwanso ndi American Tim Storms.
3. Harpsichord ndi chida chomwe chili ndi makiyi oyera m'malo mwa makiyi akuda.
4. Chida choyamba cha kiyibodi chomwe chinapangidwa ku Greece chinali ndi makiyi oyera okha ndipo palibe wakuda konse.
5. Makiyi akuda adawonekera m'zaka za XIII. Chipangizo chawo chinasinthidwa pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa ambiri mabimbi ndipo makiyi adawonekera mu nyimbo zaku Western Europe.

M'malo motulutsa

Zolemba ndi gawo lalikulu la nyimbo iliyonse. Pazonse, pali zolemba 7, zomwe zimagawidwa pamakiyibodi kukhala zakuda ndi zoyera.