Gitala lamayimbidwe: kufotokozera, kapangidwe, kusiyana kwa classical

N'zosakayikitsa kunena kuti gitala ndi banja lodziwika kwambiri la zida zoimbira. Chidachi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mumitundu yonse yanyimbo zodziwika bwino: pop, rock, blues, jazz, folk ndi ena. Imodzi mwa mitundu ya magitala imatchedwa acoustic.

Kodi gitala lamayimbidwe ndi chiyani

Gitala wamayimbidwe ndi chida choimbira cha zingwe. Ndi wa gulu la zida zodulira. Phokoso limapangidwa pozula kapena kumenya zingwe ndi zala.

Ma prototypes oyamba a chidacho adawonekera kale m'zaka za m'ma XNUMX BC, monga zikuwonekera ndi zithunzi zomwe zidapezeka zachitukuko cha Sumerian-Babeloni.

M'zaka za III-IV, zhuan adawonekera ku China - chida chofanana ndi gitala. Azungu adasintha kapangidwe kake ndikuyambitsa ma acoustics oyamba m'zaka za zana la XNUMX.

Chidacho chidapeza mitundu yamakono kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la XNUMX pambuyo poyeserera zingapo. M'mbiri yakale, mawonekedwe a magitala omvera asintha, komanso kukula kwawo ndi kapangidwe kake.

Zimasiyana bwanji ndi zachikale

Gitala yachikale ndi ya zida zoimbira zamayimbidwe, koma ndi chizolowezi kuilekanitsa ndi ma acoustics otchuka kwambiri. Kusiyana pakati pa gitala lamayimbidwe ndi gitala lachikale ndikofunika kwambiri.

Zingwe za nayiloni zimayikidwa pa classics, zingwe zachitsulo pa ma acoustics. Zida za chingwe zimatsimikizira phokoso. Phokoso la nayiloni ndi lofewa komanso labata, chitsulo chimakhala chokwera komanso cholemera. Ndizosatheka kunena kuti ndi njira iti yomwe ili yabwinoko - zonsezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyimbo ndikupanga malingaliro abwino.

M'lifupi mwa khosi la classics ndi 50 mm. khosi acoustics - 43-44 mm. Kwa zitsanzo payekha, m'lifupi mwake kungakhale kosiyana ndi kovomerezeka. Kukula kwa khosi, kumapangitsa kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa zingwezo.

Kuwongolera kupotoza kwa khosi mu ma acoustics, nangula amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Classic ili ndi njira yotseguka yosinthira zikhomo.

Chida cha gitala lamayimbidwe

Kukonzekera kwa zigawo zazikulu za ma acoustics ndizofanana mumitundu yonse. Zinthu zazikulu ndi thupi, mutu ndi khosi. Dongosolo la hull lili ndi ma decks awiri ndi chipolopolo. Zingwe zimamangiriridwa kumtunda wapamwamba, ndipo sitima yapansi ili kumbuyo. Chigobacho chimagwira ntchito ngati cholumikizira cha sitimayo.

Pakatikati mwa thupi pali dzenje lotchedwa "socket". Mitundu yamilandu ndi yosiyana, kukula kwake ndi mawonekedwe odulidwa.

Kuchokera thupi amatambasula yaitali khosi ndi anaika frets. Chiwerengero cha ma frets ndi 19-24. Pamwamba pa khosi pali "mutu". Pamutu pali njira ya msomali yomwe imagwira ndikusintha kulimba kwa zingwezo.

Kodi gitala lamayimbidwe amamveka bwanji?

Phokoso la gitala la acoustic limadalira kuchuluka kwa ma frets, zingwe, ndi kusintha. Gitala wamba amamveka mu ma octave anayi. Mtunda pakati pa ma frets awiri pa chingwe chimodzi ndi semitone imodzi.

Mwa kusintha kulimba kwa zingwe, woimba amatha kusintha kamvekedwe ka chidacho. Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino komanso zosavuta ndikutsitsa chingwe cha 6 kamvekedwe kamodzi. M'malo mwa cholemba cha E, chingwecho chimasinthidwa kukhala D, chomwe chimakhudza kwambiri phokoso lonse.

Mitundu Yamagitala Acoustic

Pali mitundu iyi ya magitala omvera:

• Dreadnought. Mtundu wotchuka kwambiri, polankhula za ma acoustics, nthawi zambiri amatanthawuza. Chofunikira chachikulu ndi thupi lalikulu komanso mawu omveka okhala ndi ma bass omveka. Dzina lina - gitala lakumadzulo ndi pop. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kutsagana ndi woyimba komanso ndi zida zina.
• 12-chingwe. Maonekedwe ndi kapangidwe kake ndizofanana ndi Zakumadzulo. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu kuli mu chiwerengero cha zingwe - 12 m'malo mwa 6. Zingwe zimakonzedwa pawiri: awiri awiri oyambirira amamveka mofanana, otsala 2 - ndi kusiyana kwa octave. Izi zimapangitsa kuti phokoso likhale lolemera komanso lolemera. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zingwe, kuyesetsa kwambiri kumafunika kuchokera kwa wosewera mpira akamayimba nyimbo, mtundu uwu suvomerezedwa kwa oyamba kumene.
• Ndi cutout. Gawo lalikulu la mapangidwewo limafanana ndi dreadnought, koma ndi cutout m'munsi mwa thumba. Notch idapangidwa kuti ikhale yosavuta kusewera ma frets apamwamba. Oimba ena adatsutsa chida chodulidwa: thupi lochepetsedwa limakhudza ubwino ndi mphamvu ya mawu opangidwa.
• Panyumba. Gitala yokhala ndi thupi lochepa komanso khosi lalikulu. Kawirikawiri izi zimaseweredwa muzipinda zazing'ono. Kukula kochepa kumapereka phokoso loyenera. Treble, mids ndi bass zimamveka pamlingo womwewo. Khosi lalikulu lapangidwa kuti litonthozedwe ndi chala powonjezera mtunda pakati pa zingwe.
• 7-chingwe. Dzina lina ndi gitala la ku Russia. Zimasiyana ndi ma acoustics okhazikika ndi kukhalapo kwa chingwe chowonjezera ndi kukonza kwapadera - terts-quarte. M'zaka za XXI, amasangalala kutchuka pang'ono.
• Jumbo. Iwo ali ndi thupi lalikulu kwambiri. Bass imamveka mokweza, nthawi zina kupondereza pakati.
• Electroacoustic. Ma Acoustics okhala ndi chojambula chokwera amatchedwa electroacoustic. Chofunikira chachikulu ndikutha kulumikiza chida kwa okamba, amplifier, kompyuta. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakonsati akatswiri komanso pojambula nyimbo mu studio yojambulira.
• Semi-acoustic. Zimawoneka ngati gitala lamagetsi, koma ndi bolodi lalikulu la mawu ndi chibowo m'thupi. Kusiyana kwa gitala wamba yamagetsi ndikutha kusewera popanda kulumikizana ndi amplifier.

Momwe mungasankhire gitala lamayimbidwe

Kusankha gitala yoyenera kwa oyamba kumene, katswiri wa gitala, yemwe nthawi zambiri amakhala m'masitolo a nyimbo, adzakuthandizani. Komabe, choyamba tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mudziwe mtundu wa gitala womwe mukufuna ndikumvetsetsa mtundu wa nyimbo zomwe mukufuna kuimba, werengani za kusiyana ndi kugawa magitala. Maonekedwe a magitala omvera amathandizanso kwambiri. Nyimbo zachikale zimafunikira nyimbo zamaphunziro, ma dreadnought acoustics amalimbikitsidwa panyimbo zotchuka.

Dreadnoughts amapangidwa kuchokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matabwa. Zosankha zotsika mtengo zimapangidwa kuchokera ku spruce, pomwe rosewood yaku Brazil imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamtengo wokwera mtengo. Zida za gitala lakumadzulo zimadalira osati mtengo, komanso phokoso. Wood imakhudza khalidwe ndi kamvekedwe ka mawu.

Chidacho chiyenera kuyesedwa pokhala. Mtundu wokhazikika wa gitala wamayimbidwe uyenera kugwiridwa moyenera ndi thupi likupumira pa phazi lakumanja.

Palibe chifukwa chosungira pogula chida choyamba ndikunyamula mwachangu. Ma acoustics a bajeti sangakhale chisankho chabwino - phokoso lotsika komanso mavuto ndi fretboard akhoza kufooketsa chikhumbo chophunzira kuimba chida.

Sikoyeneranso kutenga chida chodula kwambiri. Muyenera kuyang'ana tanthauzo la golide ndikupanga chisankho choyenera. Pakadali pano, ma acoustics okwera mtengo kwambiri padziko lapansi ndi CF Martin. Anapangidwa mu 1939. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi woyimba gitala Eric Clapton. Chiyerekezo cha $959.

Kusamalira Chida

Chinthu chachikulu pakusamalira gitala lamayimbidwe ndikuwunika kutentha ndi chinyezi cha chipindacho. Chidacho sichiyenera kusinthidwa mwadzidzidzi kutentha.

Kutentha koyenera kusunga ma acoustics ndi madigiri 20. Kunyamula m'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito gitala. Kubweretsa chidacho kuchokera mumsewu wozizira kupita kuchipinda chofunda, simungayambe kusewera nthawi yomweyo. Pabwino, dongosololo lidzasokera, poipa kwambiri, zingwe zidzathyoka ndipo zikhomo zidzawonongeka.

Chinyezi cha chipinda chomwe chidacho chimasungidwa sikuyenera kukhala pansi pa 40%. Kusakwanira chinyezi kumabweretsa kuyanika kwa kapangidwe kake. Njira yothetsera vutoli ndikuyisunga mumlandu, kutali ndi batri.

Ndikofunikira kupukuta thupi ndi nsalu kuchotsa madontho amafuta. Ngati chidacho sichili chatsopano, ndiye mothandizidwa ndi polishi, kuwala kwa mlandu kumabwereranso.

Kusamalira khosi - kupukuta fumbi ndi mafuta. Mafuta a mandimu amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kuchotsa mafuta.

Kulephera kutsatira malangizo a chisamaliro cha chida kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa maonekedwe ndi nyimbo makhalidwe a chida.

Zingwe zamayimbidwe ziyenera kusamalidwa kuti zitalikitse moyo wawo. Zingwezo ziyenera kutsukidwa nthawi zonse ndi nsalu youma. Pali oyeretsa apadera omwe amachotsa bwino dothi pazingwe.

Pomaliza, titha kuzindikira kukhudzidwa kwakukulu kwa gitala loyimba pa nyimbo ndi chikhalidwe chodziwika bwino. Chidacho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mumitundu yonse yotchuka yanyimbo. Mothandizidwa ndi ma acoustics, nyimbo zambiri zodziwika zidajambulidwa. Kufunika kwa ma acoustics akadali pamlingo wapamwamba.