Kalendala ya nyimbo - Julayi

July ndi korona wa chirimwe, nthawi yopumula, kuchira. M'dziko la nyimbo, mwezi uno sunali wolemera muzochitika komanso zoyambira zapamwamba.

Koma pali mfundo imodzi yochititsa chidwi: mu July, oimba otchuka anabadwa - akatswiri a luso la mawu, kutchuka komwe kudakali ndi moyo - ndi Tamara Sinyavskaya, Elena Obraztsova, SERGEY Lemeshev, Praskovya Zhemchugova. Pachimake cha chilimwe chimadziwika ndi kubadwa kwa oimba otchuka ndi oimba nyimbo: Louis Claude Daquin, Gustav Mahler, Carl Orff, Van Cliburn.

Olemba Odziwika

4 Julayi 1694 chaka wobadwa ku France wopeka nyimbo, harpsichordist ndi oimba Louis Claude Daquin. Pa nthawi ya moyo wake, adadziwika ngati katswiri wanzeru komanso virtuoso. Daken adagwira ntchito ngati Rococo, ofufuza a ntchito yake amakhulupirira kuti ndi ntchito zake zabwino kwambiri amayembekeza mtundu wamitundu yazaka za zana la XNUMX. Masiku ano, woimbayo amadziwika bwino kwa oimba monga mlembi wa nyimbo yotchuka ya harpsichord "Cuckoo", yokonzedwa ndi zida zambiri ndi magulu a oimba.

7 Julayi 1860 chaka Wopeka nyimbo wa ku Austria adabwera kudziko lapansi, yemwe amadziwika kuti ndi chizindikiro cha mawu, Gustav Mahler. M’zolemba zake, iye anafuna kudziŵa malo a munthu m’dziko lozungulira iye, kutha nthaŵi ya filosofi yanyimbo yachikondi ya symphonism. Wolemba nyimboyo ananena kuti sangasangalale podziwa kuti anthu ena akuvutika kwinakwake. Mkhalidwe wotero wowona zenizeni unapangitsa kuti zikhale zosatheka kuti akwaniritse nyimbo zonse zogwirizana.

M'ntchito yake, nyimbo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zidalumikizana kwambiri ndi nyimbo za symphonic, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti nyimbo ya symphony-cantata "Nyimbo Yapadziko Lapansi" yotengera ndakatulo zaku China zazaka za zana la XNUMX.

10 Julayi 1895 chaka zidakhalapo Carl Orff, Wolemba nyimbo wa ku Germany, buku lililonse latsopano limene linayambitsa kutsutsidwa ndi mikangano. Iye ankafuna kutsindika mfundo zake pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo zosatha, zomveka. Chifukwa chake kayendetsedwe ka "kubwerera kwa makolo", kukopa zakale. Kupanga ma opus ake, Orff sanatsatire ma stylistic kapena mitundu. Kupambana kwa woimbayo kunabweretsa cantata "Carmina Burana", yomwe pambuyo pake idakhala gawo loyamba la "Triumphs" triptych.

Carl Orff wakhala akuda nkhawa ndi kulera achinyamata. Iye ndi amene anayambitsa Munich School of Music, Dance and Gymnastics. Ndipo Institute of Musical Education, yomwe inakhazikitsidwa ku Salzburg ndi kutenga nawo mbali, idakhala malo apadziko lonse a maphunziro a nyimbo zamaphunziro a sukulu ya pulayimale, ndiyeno kusukulu za sekondale.

Osewera a Virtuoso

6 Julayi 1943 chaka woimba anabadwira ku Moscow, amene moyenerera amatchedwa wolemekezeka prima donna, Tamara Sinyavskaya. Analandira intern ku Bolshoi Theatre wamng'ono kwambiri, ali ndi zaka 20, ndipo popanda maphunziro a Conservatory, zomwe zinali zotsutsana ndi malamulo. Koma patatha chaka chimodzi, woyimbayo adalowa kale m'gulu lalikulu, ndipo pambuyo pa zisanu, anali woimba yekha pazochitika zabwino kwambiri za opera padziko lapansi.

Msungwana womwetulira, wochezeka yemwe ankadziwa kupirira zopinga ndi kulimbana ndi zovuta, mwamsanga anakhala wokondedwa wa gululo. Ndipo talente yake yowonera komanso kutha kuzolowera gawolo idapangitsa kuti azitha kuchita osati magawo achikazi okha, komanso zithunzi zachimuna ndi zachinyamata zomwe zidalembedwa mezzo-soprano kapena contralto, mwachitsanzo: Vanya waku Ivan Susanin kapena Ratmir. kuchokera kwa Ruslan ndi Lyudmila.

7 Julayi 1939 chaka woimba wamkulu wa nthawi yathu anabadwa, Elena Obraztsova. Ntchito yake imadziwika ngati chodabwitsa kwambiri mu nyimbo zapadziko lonse lapansi. Carmen, Delilah, Marita mu sewero lake amaonedwa kuti ndi anthu odziwika bwino kwambiri.

Elena Obraztsova anabadwira ku Leningrad m'banja la injiniya. Koma posakhalitsa banja linasamukira ku Taganrog, kumene mtsikanayo anamaliza sukulu ya sekondale. Pangozi yake ndi chiopsezo, motsutsana ndi zofuna za makolo ake Elena adayesa kulowa Leningrad Conservatory, zomwe zinakhala bwino. Woimbayo adapanga kuwonekera koyamba kugulu lake pa siteji ya Bolshoi, akadali wophunzira. Ndipo atangomaliza maphunziro ake, adayamba kuyendera malo onse otchuka padziko lapansi.

10 Julayi 1902 chaka anaonekera ku dziko SERGEY Lemeshev, yemwe pambuyo pake adakhala wodziwika bwino kwambiri wanyimbo wanthawi yathu ino. Iye anabadwira m'chigawo cha Tver m'banja la wamba wamba. Chifukwa cha imfa ya abambo ake, mwanayo adagwira ntchito mwakhama kuti athandize amayi ake. Woimba tsogolo anayamba kuchita vocals mwangozi. Mnyamatayo ndi mkulu wake anadyetsa akavalo ndi kuimba nyimbo. Iwo anamva ndi injiniya Nikolai Kvashnin akudutsa. Anapempha Sergei kuti aphunzire kwa mkazi wake.

Mu malangizo a Komsomol Lemeshev anakhala wophunzira wa Moscow Conservatory. Nditamaliza maphunziro, akutumikira ku Sverdlovsk Opera House, ndiyeno ku Russian Opera ku Harbin. Ndiye panali Tiflis, ndipo pokhapo Big, kumene woimba anaitanidwa ku audition. Mbali yoimba bwino ya Berendey kuchokera ku The Snow Maiden inatsegula zitseko za gawo lalikulu la dziko kwa iye. Adachita nawo zinthu zopitilira 30. udindo wake wotchuka anali mbali ya Lensky, amene anachita 501 nthawi.

12 Julayi 1934 chaka m'tauni yaing'ono ya ku America ya Shreveport, woimba piyano anabadwa yemwe adakondana ndi mamiliyoni a omvera ku USSR. Van Cliburn. Mnyamatayo anayamba kuphunzira limba kuyambira zaka 4 motsogoleredwa ndi amayi ake. Woyimba piyano wachinyamata anachita chidwi kwambiri ndi machitidwe a SERGEY Rachmaninov, yemwe adapereka imodzi mwamasewera ake omaliza ku Shreveport. Mnyamatayo anagwira ntchito mwakhama, ndipo ali ndi zaka 13, atapambana mpikisanowu, analandira ufulu woimba ndi gulu la oimba la Houston.

Kuti apitirize maphunziro ake, mnyamatayo anasankha Juilliard School of Music ku New York. Zinali zopambana kwambiri kwa Cliburn kuti adalowa m'kalasi ya Rosina Levina, woimba piyano wotchuka yemwe anamaliza maphunziro awo ku Moscow Conservatory pa nthawi yomweyo Rachmaninoff. Ndi iye amene anaumirira kuti Van Cliburn kutenga nawo mbali mu mpikisano 1 Tchaikovsky, umene unachitikira mu USSR, ndipo ngakhale anagogoda pa ulendo maphunziro mwadzina kwa iye. Oweruza, motsogoleredwa ndi D. Shostakovich, adapereka chigonjetso kwa achinyamata a ku America.

В tsiku lomaliza la Julayi 1768 m'chigawo cha Yaroslavl munabadwa banja la serfs Praskovya Kovaleva (Zhemchugova). Ndili ndi zaka 8, chifukwa cha luso lake lomveka bwino, anakulira m'dera la Marta Dolgoruki pafupi ndi Moscow. Mtsikanayo anaphunzira mosavuta nyimbo, kuimba zeze ndi harpsichord, Italy ndi French. Posakhalitsa, mtsikanayo luso anayamba kuchita pa Sheremetyev Theatre pansi pa pseudonym Praskovia Zhemchugova.

Zina mwa ntchito zake zabwino kwambiri ndi Alzved ("The Village Sorcerer" ndi Rousseau), Louise ("The Deserter" ndi Monsigny), maudindo mu zisudzo za Paisello ndi nyimbo zoyamba za ku Russia za Pashkevich. Mu 1798, woimbayo analandira ufulu wake ndipo posakhalitsa anakwatira mwana wa Count Peter Sheremetyev, Nikolai.

Louis Claude Daquin - Cuckoo

Wolemba - Victoria Denisova