Akshin Alikuli ogly Alizadeh |

Agshin Alizadeh

A. Alizade adalowa mu chikhalidwe cha nyimbo cha Azerbaijan mu 60s. pamodzi ndi olemba ena a dziko la Republic, omwe anali ndi zonena zawo muzojambula pokhudzana ndi nyimbo zamtundu. Anthu aku Azerbaijan, ashug ndi nyimbo zachikhalidwe (mugham), zomwe zakhala zolimbikitsa kwa olemba ambiri, zimadyetsanso ntchito ya Alizade, momwe mawonekedwe ake odziwika bwino komanso amtundu wa metro-rhythmic amasinthidwa ndikuganiziridwanso mwanjira yachilendo, kuphatikiza ndi zamakono. njira zophatikizira, laconicism komanso kukhwima kwatsatanetsatane wamtundu wanyimbo.

Alizade anamaliza maphunziro awo ku Azerbaijan State Conservatory mu kalasi ya D. Hajiyev (1962) ndipo anamaliza maphunziro apamwamba motsogoleredwa ndi wolemba nyimbo wotchuka wa ku Azerbaijani (1971). Nyimbo za U. Gadzhibekov, K. Karaev, F. Amirov zinakhudza kwambiri chitukuko cha Alizade, komanso ntchito ya oimira ambiri a sukulu ya nyimbo za dziko. Alizade adavomerezanso luso lazowunikira zanyimbo zazaka za zana la XNUMX. - I. Stravinsky, B. Bartok, K. Orff, S. Prokofiev, G. Sviridov.

Kuwala kowoneka bwino kwa kalembedwe, kudziyimira pawokha kwa nyimbo zathu: Maluso a Alizade adadziwonetsera kale m'zaka zake za ophunzira, makamaka mu Piano Sonata (1959), adapereka dipuloma ya digiri yoyamba pa All-Union Review of Young Composers. . Mu ntchitoyi, mogwirizana ndi chikhalidwe cha piano sonata ya dziko, Alizade akugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe atsopano a nyimbo zachikale, pogwiritsa ntchito mitu yadziko ndi njira zopangira nyimbo zoimbira.

Kupambana kwa kulenga kwa wopeka wachinyamatayo kunali ntchito yake yolembapo - First Symphony (1962). Chipinda cha symphony chomwe chinatsatira (Chachiwiri, 1966), chodziwika ndi kukhwima ndi luso, chinali ndi chikhalidwe cha Soviet, kuphatikizapo Azerbaijani, nyimbo za 60s. chinthu cha neoclassicism. Ntchito yofunikira idaseweredwa mu ntchitoyi ndi mwambo wa neoclassical wa nyimbo za K. Karaev. M'chilankhulo chanyimbo, chophatikizidwa ndi kuwonekera komanso mawonekedwe a zilembo za orchestral, luso la mugham limakhazikitsidwa mwanjira yachilendo (mu gawo lachiwiri la symphony, zinthu za mugham Rost zimagwiritsidwa ntchito).

Kuphatikizika kwa neoclassical element ndi nyimbo zamtundu wamtundu kumasiyanitsa mitundu iwiri yosiyana ya okhestra ya "Pastoral" (1969) ndi "Ashugskaya" (1971), yomwe, ngakhale idadziyimira pawokha, imapanga diptych. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono Abusa akupanganso kalembedwe ka nyimbo zachikhalidwe. Kugwirizana ndi luso la anthu kumamveka bwino ku Ashugskaya, kumene wolembayo akunena za nyimbo zakale za ashug - oimba oyendayenda, oimba omwe adalemba nyimbo, ndakatulo, dastans ndipo mowolowa manja anawapatsa anthu, osungidwa bwino miyambo yochita. Alizadeh ali ndi chikhalidwe cha mawu ndi zida za nyimbo za ashug, kutsanzira, makamaka, phokoso la phula, saz, chida choyimba defa, chitoliro cha abusa. M'chidutswa cha oboe ndi zingwe za oimba "Jangi" (1978), woimbayo atembenukira kudera lina la nyimbo zamtundu, kumasulira zinthu za kuvina kwamphamvu kwa ankhondo.

Udindo wofunikira mu ntchito ya Alizade imaseweredwa ndi nyimbo zakwaya ndi mawu-symphonic. Kuzungulira kwa makwaya a cappella "Bayati" adalembedwa m'malemba a anthu akale a quatrains, omwe amawunikira nzeru za anthu, nzeru, nyimbo (1969). Munthawi yakwaya iyi, Alizade amagwiritsa ntchito ma bayats pazokonda. Kuwulula mithunzi yowoneka bwino kwambiri, wolembayo amaphatikiza zojambula zamaganizidwe ndi mawonekedwe ndi zojambula zatsiku ndi tsiku pamaziko a kusiyanasiyana kwamalingaliro ndi tempo, kutengera mawu ndi kulumikizana kwamutu. Kalembedwe ka dziko ka mawu omvekera amasinthidwa m'njira iyi, ngati kuti adapakidwa utoto wowoneka bwino wamadzi, kudzera m'malingaliro a wojambula wamakono. Apa Alizade akugwiritsa ntchito mosadukiza kamvekedwe ka mawu, chibadwa osati kwa ashugs, komanso kwa oimba a khanende - oimba a mughams.

Dziko lophiphiritsa-lotengeka maganizo likuwonekera mu cantata "Twenty-six", yodzaza ndi oratorical pathos, pathos (1976). Ntchitoyi ili ndi mawonekedwe a epic-heroic requiem yoperekedwa kukumbukira ngwazi za Baku Commune. Ntchitoyi inatsegula njira ya cantatas ziwiri zotsatira: "Chikondwerero" (1977) ndi "Nyimbo ya Ntchito Yodala" (1982), kuimba chisangalalo cha moyo, kukongola kwa dziko lawo. Kutanthauzira kwanyimbo kwa Alizade kwa nyimbo zamtundu wamtundu kumawonekera mu "Old Lullaby" ya kwaya ya cappella (1984), momwe miyambo yakale yamtundu wadziko imadzutsidwa.

Woipekayo amagwiranso ntchito mwachangu komanso mogwira mtima pantchito yanyimbo za orchestra. Anajambula zojambula zamtundu wa "Rural Suite" (1973), "Absheron Paintings" (1982), "Shirvan Paintings" (1984), "Azerbaijani Dance" (1986). Ntchitozi zikugwirizana ndi miyambo ya symphonism ya dziko. Mu 1982, Lachitatu likuwonekera, ndipo mu 1984 - Symphony Yachinayi (Mugham) ya Alizadeh. M'zolemba izi, mwambo wa luso la mugham, lomwe linadyetsa ntchito za olemba ambiri a ku Azerbaijan, kuyambira ndi U. Gadzhibekov, amatsutsidwa mwapadera. Pamodzi ndi mwambo wa mugham instrumentalism mu Third ndi Fourth Symphonies, wolembayo amagwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zoimbira nyimbo. Kuchedwerako kwa nkhani yodziwika bwino, yomwe ili m'mayimba am'mbuyomu a Alizade, ikuphatikizidwa mu Nyimbo za Third ndi Fourth Symphonies ndi mfundo zazikuluzikulu zomwe zili mu symphonism yodabwitsa. Pambuyo pa kuonetsa koyamba kwa pawailesi yakanema ya Third Symphony, nyuzipepala ya Baku inalemba kuti: “Ili ndi nkhani yomvetsa chisoni yodzaza ndi zotsutsana zamkati, zodzala ndi malingaliro a zabwino ndi zoipa. Sewero lanyimbo ndi kamvekedwe ka mawu a symphony ya gulu limodzi zimatsogozedwa ndi malingaliro, magwero ake akuya ku mugham wakale wa ku Azerbaijan. "

Mapangidwe ophiphiritsa ndi kalembedwe ka Third Symphony akugwirizanitsidwa ndi ballet ya heroic-tragic "Babek" (1979) yochokera pa tsoka "Kuvala Mphungu Paphewa Lake" lolemba I. Selvinsky, lomwe limafotokoza za kuwukira kotchuka kwa zaka za m'ma 1986. . motsogozedwa ndi Babek wodziwika bwino. Ballet iyi idachitikira ku Azerbaijan Academic Opera ndi Ballet Theatre. MF Akhundova (XNUMX).

Zokonda za Alizade zimaphatikizansopo nyimbo zamakanema, zisudzo, zipinda ndi zida zoimbira (pakati pawo sonata "Dastan" - 1986 ndiyodziwika bwino).

N. Aleksenko