Alto saxophone: kufotokoza kwa chida, zikuchokera, phokoso, mbiri, zisudzo

Madzulo a chilimwe, mukusirira kumalowa kwa nyanja, kapena paulendo wautali wochokera ku Moscow kupita ku St. Saxophone yokhayo imamveka kuchokera pansi pamtima - chida choimbira chomwe chimachepetsa kuvutika, kutsogolera patsogolo, kulonjeza chisangalalo ndi chilakolako, chimalosera zabwino zonse.

mwachidule

Saxophone ili ndi banja lalikulu, ndiko kuti, pali mitundu yambiri ya chida chowombera ichi, chomwe chimasiyana ndi phula ndi tonality. Masiku ano, mitundu 6 imatengedwa kuti ndiyofala kwambiri:

• Sopranino ndi kabuku kakang'ono ka soprano wamkulu, wofanana ndi mawu a clarinet.
• Soprano saxophone yokhala ndi mawonekedwe opindika komanso mawu omveka ngati mawu a soprano.
• Alto saxophone ndi chida choyamba chodziwika bwino chokhala ndi mawu ofanana ndi a munthu, kunena mochokera pansi pamtima za chisoni, chisangalalo, ndi chiyembekezo.
• Tenor saxophone ndi chida chachikulu kwambiri, chifukwa cha kumveka kokongola komwe kwatchuka mu jazi.
• Baritone saxophone - imapanga ndime za nyimbo za virtuoso.
• Bass saxophone - yomwe imadziwika kuti ndi katswiri pakuimba m'mabuku otsika, izi zimachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito chida m'magulu oimba.

Adolf Sachs poyambirira adapanga zida khumi ndi zinayi, koma lero si onse omwe amakongoletsa miyoyo yathu ndi phokoso lalikulu kwambiri.

Chida chipangizo

Ngakhale kuti ndi yaying'ono, saxophone ya alto ndi yotchuka kwambiri ndi oimba omwe amaimba nyimbo zapamwamba komanso za jazi.

Alt ali ndi dongosolo lovuta. Amisiri apanga zida zopangidwa mosiyanasiyana pogwiritsa ntchito zida zomwe zimapanga phokoso lodabwitsa lomwe limasokoneza mtima.

Chitoliro mu mawonekedwe a kondomu, kukulitsa mbali imodzi - thupi la saxophone ndi makina a valve-lever - kuchokera kutali amawoneka ngati chikhumbo cha osuta esthete. Mu gawo lotalikirapo, thupi limadutsa mu belu, ndipo mu gawo lopapatiza, mothandizidwa ndi esca, limaphatikizidwa ndi pakamwa, lomwe limayang'anira kumveka bwino komanso lofanana ndi kapangidwe ka clarinet. Popanga mphira, ebonite, plexiglass kapena aloyi yazitsulo amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mbali ya saxophone yomwe imatulutsa phokoso imatchedwa bango. Mothandizidwa ndi ligature - kolala yaying'ono, bango limamangiriridwa pakamwa. Masiku ano, gawoli nthawi zambiri limapangidwa ndi zinthu zopangira, koma moyenera, matabwa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Nzimbeyi imapangidwa kuchokera ku mabango ochokera kumwera kwa France.

Mbiri ya saxophone ndi Mlengi wake

Mu 2022, padzakhala zaka 180 kuchokera pamene mtsogoleri wa nyimbo wa ku Belgium Antoine-Joseph Sachs (Adolf Sax) adapanga chida cha gulu lankhondo. Kunena zowona, zida zamitundu 14 zidapangidwa, zosiyana kukula ndi mawu. Alto saxophone ndi wotchuka kwambiri m'banja lino.

Zida zoimbira izi zinali ndi zovuta zambiri: zinali zoletsedwa ku Germany chifukwa chosowa chiyambi cha Aryan, ndipo ma saxophones a USSR ankaonedwa kuti ndi gawo la chikhalidwe cha mdani wamalingaliro, ndipo adaletsedwanso.

Koma m'kupita kwa nthawi, chirichonse chinasintha, ndipo tsopano chaka chilichonse saxophonists ochokera padziko lonse lapansi amasonkhana ku Dinant kuti ayende pamphepete mwa msewu ndi madzulo, akuwunikiridwa ndi nyali, motero amapereka msonkho kwa Mlengi wa chida choimbira.

Mu mzinda wa Denau, kumene Sax anabadwira, chipilala cha mbuye wamkulu chakhazikitsidwa, ndipo zithunzi za saxophone zimapezeka m'malesitilanti, mipiringidzo ndi malo odyera padziko lonse lapansi.

Kodi alto saxophone imamveka bwanji?

Kumveka komveka kwa viola sikumafanana nthawi zonse ndi kamvekedwe ka manotsi operekedwa m'magoli. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndi mfundo yakuti phokoso la saxophone limaphatikizapo ma octaves oposa awiri ndipo lagawidwa m'mabuku. Kusankhidwa kwa kaundula apamwamba, apakati ndi otsika kumatanthawuza nyimbo yomwe ikuseweredwa.

Kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa ma regista apamwamba kumapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta. Kukuwa kwapansipansi kumamveka kudzera mwa wokamba nkhani. Koma kugwirizana kwa mawu kumapanga chithunzithunzi chosaiŵalika cha nyimbo ina. Nthawi zambiri awa amakhala oimba paokha a nyimbo za jazi. Alto saxophone sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri m'magulu oimba.

Osewera Odziwika

Pali mipikisano yambiri ya nyimbo za jazi ya saxophonists padziko lonse lapansi. Koma chachikulu chikuchitika ku Belgium mumzinda wa Denau. Akatswiri amafananiza ndi mpikisano wa Tchaikovsky.

Opambana a mpikisanowo anali ochita monga: Charlie Parker, Kenny Garrett, Jimmy Dorsey, Johnny Hodges, Eric Dolphy, David Sanborn, Anthony Braxton, Phil Woods, John Zorn, Paul Desmond. Ena mwa iwo ndi mayina a Russian saxophonists: Sergei Kolesov, Georgy Garanyan, Igor Butman ndi ena.

Monga choyimira chowala cha zida zoimbira za jazi, saxophone nthawi zonse idzakhala ndi malo apamwamba. Amatha kupirira ntchito zachikale monga gawo la oimba ndi kuphimba chifunga chachikondi ndi kumverera kwa alendo a cafe. Kulikonse kumveka kwake kosangalatsa kudzabweretsa chisangalalo chokongola kwa anthu.