Flugelhorn: ndi chiyani, mtundu wa mawu, kusiyana ndi chitoliro

Pamene kuyimba kwa zida za brass kapena jazi kukufunika kutsindika ndime inayake, mphepo yamkuntho imayamba. Lili ndi phokoso lapamwamba, limamveka mofewa, lachilengedwe, osati mokweza. Chifukwa cha izi, adakondedwa ndi oimba omwe amalemba nyimbo zamagulu amphepo, symphony kapena jazz.

Kodi flugelhorn ndi chiyani?

Chidacho ndi gawo la gulu lamphepo yamkuwa. Kutulutsa mawu kumachitika powuzira mpweya kudzera pakamwa ndikudutsa pachombo cha mbiya. Oyimba malipenga amasewera nyengo. Kufanana kwakunja kumakulolani kuti mufanizire ndi zida zapafupi za banja - lipenga ndi cornet. Mbali yapadera ndi sikelo yotakata. Chida choimbira champhepo chili ndi mavavu 3 kapena 4. Chiyambi cha dzinali chimachokera ku mawu achijeremani akuti "mapiko" ndi "nyanga".

Kusiyana ndi chitoliro

Kusiyanitsa pakati pa zida siziri mu gawo lowonjezereka la njira ya conical ya flugelhorn ndi belu lalikulu. Ilibenso chigongono chowongolera pa chubu chachikulu chanjira. Kusintha kumapangidwa posintha malo a pakamwa. Amakankhidwa pang'ono mkati kapena, mosiyana, kuika patsogolo. Mutha kusintha flugelhorn pomwe mukusewera pogwiritsa ntchito choyambitsa chapadera panthambi yam'mbali ya valve yachitatu. Lipenga limamangidwanso mosavuta posintha zida.

kumveka

Monga saxhorns ambiri, flugelhorn ndi yochokera ku Austria. Ankagwiritsidwa ntchito m'gulu lankhondo posonyeza zizindikiro, makamaka zogwiritsidwa ntchito poyenda. Chidacho sichinali choyenera kuyimba gulu la mkuwa. Koma m'zaka za zana la XNUMX, m'kupita kwanthawi, zidakhala zoyenera kutsagana ndi zida zowonjezera pakuyimba kwa orchestra.

Nthawi zambiri, ma flugelhorns amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakusintha kwa B-flat ndi mawu osiyanasiyana kuchokera ku "E" ya octave yaying'ono mpaka "B-flat" yachiwiri. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mawu, sagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, makamaka pakuwongolera komanso kuyika mawu omveka mu nyimbo za orchestra.

History

Kuwonekera kwa chidacho kumapita mozama zaka mazana apitawa. Ena amakhulupirira kuti phokoso la saxhorns limachokera ku nyanga za positi, ena amapeza kugwirizana ndi nyanga za kusaka. Flugelhorn inkagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pankhondo yazaka zisanu ndi ziwiri. Mothandizidwa ndi zizindikiro zomwe zinkawomba mpweya kudzera pa belulo, asilikali oyenda pansi ankalamulidwa. Dzinali lotembenuzidwa kuchokera ku Chijeremani, limatanthauza “paipi imene imatumiza mawu mumlengalenga.” Zida za chidacho zinalembedwa ndi olemba otchuka kwambiri padziko lapansi, kuphatikizapo Rossini, Wagner, Berlioz, Tchaikovsky. Ili ndi liwu la lipenga laku France, lomwe linkagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ochita jazi koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la XNUMX.

Ngakhale kuti pali phokoso lochepa m'kati mwa ma octave atatu okha ndi phokoso labata, ubwino wa flugelhorn mu nyimbo sizinganyalanyazidwe. Ndi chithandizo chake, Tchaikovsky adapanga gawo lochititsa chidwi kwambiri mu "Neapolitan Song", ndipo oimba nyimbo za symphony ku Italy nthawi zonse amakhala ndi oimba awiri kapena anayi - virtuosos weniweni wa Play.