André Cluytens |
André Cluytens
Zinkawoneka kuti tsoka lenilenilo lidabweretsa Andre Kluitens pamalo a kondakitala. Onse agogo ake aamuna ndi abambo ake anali otsogolera, koma iye mwiniyo anayamba ngati woimba piyano, anamaliza maphunziro awo ku Antwerp Conservatory ali ndi zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi m'kalasi la E. Boske. Kluitens ndiye adalowa nawo ku Royal Opera House ngati woyimba piyano komanso wotsogolera kwaya. Iye akusimba zotsatirazi ponena za chiyambi chake monga kondakitala: “Ndinali ndi zaka 21 pamene Lamlungu lina atate wanga, woyang’anira bwalo lamasewero lomwelo, anadwala mwadzidzidzi. Zoyenera kuchita? Lamlungu - zisudzo zonse zatsegulidwa, okonda onse ali otanganidwa. Woyang'anirayo adasankha kuchitapo kanthu movutikira: adapereka woperekeza wachinyamatayo kuti achite ngozi. "Ofuna Pearl" anali ... Pamapeto pake, akuluakulu onse a ku Antwerp adalengeza kuti: Andre Kluytens ndi kondakitala wobadwa. Pang’ono ndi pang’ono, ndinayamba kuwaloŵa m’malo atate pa sitendi ya kondakitala; atapuma pantchito yochitira masewero mu ukalamba wake, ndinatenga malo ake.
M'zaka zapitazi, Kluitens adagwira ntchito ngati wochititsa opera. Amawongolera zisudzo ku Toulouse, Lyon, Bordeaux, akuzindikirika kwambiri ku France. Mu 1938, mlanduwo unathandiza wojambula kuti apange kuwonekera kwake pa siteji ya symphony: ku Vichy adayenera kuchita konsati kuchokera ku ntchito za Beethoven m'malo mwa Krips, yemwe analetsedwa kuchoka ku Austria wogwidwa ndi Ajeremani. Zaka khumi zotsatira, Kluytens adachita masewera a opera ndi ma concert ku Lyon ndi Paris, anali woyamba kuchita ntchito zingapo za olemba French - J. Francais, T. Aubin, JJ Grunenwald, A. Jolivet, A. Busse, O. Messiaen, D. Millau ndi ena.
Kupambana kwa ntchito yolenga ya Kluytens kumabwera kumapeto kwa zaka makumi anayi. Amakhala mtsogoleri wa Opera Comique Theatre (1947), amatsogolera ku Grand Opera, amatsogolera gulu la oimba la Society of Concerts of the Paris Conservatory, amayenda maulendo ataliatali akunja ku Europe, America, Asia ndi Australia; ali ndi mwayi wokhala wotsogolera woyamba ku France kuitanidwa kukaimba ku Bayreuth, ndipo kuyambira 1955 adawonekera kangapo pamasewera a Bayreuth Theatre. Potsirizira pake, mu 1960, mutu wina unawonjezedwa ku maudindo ake ambiri, mwinamwake wokondedwa kwambiri kwa wojambula - adakhala mtsogoleri wa National Symphony Orchestra ku Belgium kwawo.
Mbiri ya ojambula ndi yaikulu komanso yosiyanasiyana. Iye anali wotchuka monga woimba kwambiri wa zisudzo ndi symphonic ntchito za Mozart, Beethoven, Wagner. Koma chikondi cha anthu chinabweretsa Cluytens choyamba kutanthauzira nyimbo French. Mu repertoire yake - zabwino zonse zomwe zidapangidwa ndi oimba achi French akale komanso apano. Maonekedwe a kondakitala wa wojambulayo adadziwika ndi chithumwa cha Chifalansa chokha, chisomo ndi kukongola, chidwi komanso kumasuka kwa njira yopangira nyimbo. Makhalidwe onsewa anaonekera bwino lomwe pamene wotsogolera ulendo wake wobwerezabwereza m’dziko lathu. Sizopanda pake kuti ntchito za Berlioz, Bizet, Franck, Debussy, Ravel, Duke, Roussel zidatenga malo apakati pamapulogalamu ake. Kutsutsa komwe kumapezeka mu luso lake "kuzama ndi kuzama kwa zolinga zaluso", "kutha kukopa okhestra", adawona "mawonekedwe ake apulasitiki, olondola kwambiri komanso omveka bwino." I. Martynov analemba kuti: “Kulankhula nafe m’chinenero cha zojambulajambula, “amatidziwitsa mwachindunji za maganizo ndi maganizo a olemba nyimbo kwambiri. Njira zonse za luso lake lapamwamba zimaperekedwa kwa izi.
L. Grigoriev, J. Platek
