Andrey Alekseevich Ivanov |

Andrey Ivanov

Tawuni yaying'ono yabata ya Zamostye, yomwe ili m'mphepete mwa kumadzulo kwa tsarist Russia isanachitike, sinali wolemera kwambiri pazochitika za chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe. Choncho, mwachibadwa kuti ankachita masewera kwaya ana, wokonzedwa ndi mphunzitsi wa masewero olimbitsa m'deralo Alexei Afanasievich Ivanov, posakhalitsa anatchuka kwambiri mu mzinda. Mwa oimba aang'ono anali ana aamuna a Alexei Afanasevich - Sergei ndi Andrei, okonda kwambiri ntchito ya abambo awo. Abale mpaka anakonza gulu la zida zoimbira zoimbaimba pakwayayo. Wamng'ono, Andrei, anasonyeza chidwi kwambiri ndi luso, kuyambira ali mwana ankakonda kumvetsera nyimbo, mosavuta kulanda kaimbidwe kake ndi khalidwe.

Kumayambiriro kwa Nkhondo Yadziko Lonse, mu 1914, banja la Ivanov linasamukira ku Kyiv. Mkhalidwe wa nthawi ya nkhondo sunali wothandiza ku maphunziro a nyimbo, zokonda zakale zidaiwalika. Young Andrei Ivanov adabwerera ku luso pambuyo pa October Revolution, koma sanakhale katswiri. Nditamaliza sukulu ya sekondale, anayamba kulowa Kyiv Cooperative Institute. Nyimbo zachikondi kwambiri, mnyamatayo kaŵirikaŵiri amapita ku nyumba ya zisudzo, ndipo nthaŵi zina amaimba nyimbo zimene amakonda kunyumba. Woyandikana naye wa Ivanovs m'nyumbamo, M. Chikirskaya, yemwe kale anali woimba, ataona luso losakayikira la Andrei, anamukakamiza kuti aphunzire kuimba. Mnyamatayo amaphunzira payekha kwa mphunzitsi N. Lund, yemwe adakondana ndi wophunzira wake waluso ndipo adaphunzira naye kwaulere kwa zaka zitatu, popeza banja la Ivanov panthawiyo linali ndi ndalama zochepa kwambiri. Imfa ya mphunzitsi inasokoneza maphunzirowa.

Kupitiliza maphunziro ake ku Cooperative Institute, Andrey Ivanov nthawi yomweyo analowa mu Kyiv Opera Theatre monga owonjezera kuti athe kumvetsera nthawi zonse zisudzo ndi kutenga nawo mbali pang'ono mu kupanga awo. Iye ankakonda makamaka kuyimba kwa baritone N. Zubarev, ndipo, kumvetsera mwachidwi, iye anazindikira mwachisawawa ndi kutengera mfundo za kupanga mawu, njira yoyimba ya wojambula waluso, yomwe inali yofanana ndi njira yophunzitsidwa ndi malemu Lund.

Mphekesera za baritone wokongola wanyimbo komanso luso laling'ono lowonjezera zidafalikira mumagulu anyimbo ndi zisudzo, adafikanso ku studio ya opera ku Kyiv Conservatory. Mu September 1925, Andrei Alekseevich anaitanidwa ku situdiyo kukonzekera ndi kuchita gawo la Onegin mu ntchito yomaliza ya Eugene Onegin. Kuchita bwino mu seweroli, lotchedwa Thesis Conservatory, linaganiza tsogolo la woimba wamng'ono, akutsegula njira yake yopita ku siteji ya opera.

Panthawiyo, pamodzi ndi nyumba za zisudzo zomwe sizimangokhala, panali magulu a zisudzo omwe amapita kumizinda yosiyanasiyana. Magulu oterowo amapangidwa makamaka ndi achinyamata aluso, ndipo nthawi zambiri oimba akuluakulu, odziwa zambiri ankaimbanso ngati alendo. Wokonza gulu limodzi mwa maguluwa anaitanidwa Ivanov, amene posakhalitsa anatenga malo kutsogolera gulu. Zingawoneke ngati zosaneneka kuti, atabwera ku timu ndi gawo lokha la Onegin, Andrei Alekseevich adakonzekera ndikuimba nyimbo 22 m'chaka cha ntchito. Kuphatikizapo monga Prince Igor, Demon, Amonasro, Rigoletto, Germont, Valentin, Escamillo, Marcel, Yeletsky ndi Tomsky, Tonio ndi Silvio. Zodziwika bwino za ntchito ya gulu loyendayenda - chiwerengero chachikulu cha zisudzo, kusuntha pafupipafupi kuchokera ku mzinda kupita ku mzinda - sikunasiye nthawi yochuluka yokonzekera mozama komanso maphunziro okonzekera ndi wotsogolera. Wojambulayo ankafunika osati kugwedezeka kwakukulu kwa kulenga, komanso luso logwira ntchito paokha, kuyenda momasuka pa clavier. Ndipo ngati woimba novice pansi pazimenezi anatha kudziunjikira repertoire lalikulu chotero mu nthawi yaifupi zotheka, ndiye iye ali ndi ngongole makamaka kwa iye yekha, lalikulu, talente weniweni, khama ndi chikondi pa luso. Ndi gulu loyendayenda, Ivanov anayenda kudera lonse la Volga, North Caucasus ndi malo ena ambiri, kukopa omvera kulikonse ndi kuimba kwake momveka bwino, kukongola ndi kusinthasintha kwa mawu achichepere, amphamvu, a sonorous.

Mu 1926, nyumba ziwiri za opera - Tbilisi ndi Baku - nthawi imodzi anaitana wojambula wamng'ono. Iye anasankha Baku, kumene anagwira ntchito kwa nyengo ziwiri, kuchita mbali baritone udindo mu zisudzo zonse zisudzo. Zigawo zatsopano zimawonjezedwa ku repertoire yomwe idakhazikitsidwa kale: mlendo wa Vedenets ("Sadko"), Frederik ("Lakme"). Ndikugwira ntchito ku Baku, Andrei Alekseevich anali ndi mwayi wopita ku Astrakhan. Izi zinali mu 1927.

M'zaka zotsatira, ntchito mu Odessa (1928-1931), ndiye mu Sverdlovsk (1931-1934) zisudzo Andrei Alekseevich, kuwonjezera nawo mu repertoire waukulu tingachipeze powerenga, anadziwa ntchito zina kawirikawiri anachita Western - Turandot ndi Puccini. , Johnny amasewera Kshenek ndi ena. Kuyambira 1934 Andrey Ivanov kubwerera ku Kiev. Atangochoka ku Kyiv Opera House monga chowonjezera pa chikondi ndi nyimbo, abwereranso ku siteji yake ngati woimba wodziwa bwino yemwe ali ndi nyimbo zambiri komanso zosunthika, wodziwa zambiri ndipo amatenga malo amodzi otsogola pakati pa oimba aku Ukraine. Chifukwa cha kukula kosalekeza kulenga ndi ntchito zipatso, mu 1944 anali kupereka udindo wa People's Artist wa USSR. Andrey Alekseevich anagwira ntchito ku Kiev Opera House mpaka 1950. Pano, luso lake limapukutidwa, luso lake likulemekezedwa, zithunzi za mawu ndi siteji zomwe amapanga zimawululidwa mokwanira komanso mozama, kuchitira umboni za mphatso yodabwitsa ya kubadwanso kwatsopano.

Wokonda mphamvu komanso wachinyengo Hetman Mazepa mu opera ya PI Tchaikovsky komanso mnyamata wamtima wabwino, wopanda dyera, Ostap ("Taras Bulba" wolemba Lysenko), wotengeka ndi chilakolako chosagonjetseka Chodetsa komanso chodzaza ndi ulemu waukulu Prince Igor, Mizgir wokongola komanso wonyengerera. woyipa, koma wachisoni mu zoyipa zake Rigoletto, wogonjetsedwa ndi kukhumudwa, Chiwanda chosakhazikika komanso chikondi choyipa cha moyo, wochenjera Figaro. Kwa ngwazi zake zonse, Ivanov adapeza chojambula cholondola modabwitsa, choganiza bwino cha gawo la zikwapu zing'onozing'ono, kukwaniritsa chowonadi chachikulu pakuwulula mbali zosiyanasiyana za moyo wamunthu. Koma, kupereka ulemu ku luso la siteji ya wojambulayo, chifukwa chachikulu cha kupambana kwake chiyenera kufunidwa mu kuyimba momveka bwino, mu kuchuluka kwa mawu, timbre ndi mithunzi yamphamvu, mu pulasitiki ndi kukwanira kwa mawu, m'mawu omveka bwino. Luso limeneli linathandiza Andrey Ivanov kukhala woimba kwambiri chipinda.

Mpaka 1941, iye sanachite nawo konsati, monga anali wotanganidwa kwambiri ntchito mu zisudzo mu repertoire waukulu. Ntchito zatsopano kulenga anakumana woimba pa chiyambi cha Great kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo. Atasamutsidwa ndi Kyiv Opera House kupita ku Ufa, kenako ku Irkutsk, Andrey Alekseevich akutenga nawo mbali pantchito yokonza zipatala ndi magulu ankhondo. Pamodzi ndi siteji ake comrades M. Litvinenko-Wolgemut ndi I. Patorzhinskaya, iye amapita kutsogolo, ndiye amachita zoimbaimba mu Moscow ndi mizinda ina. Kubwerera ku Kyiv womasulidwa mu 1944, Ivanov posakhalitsa anachoka kumeneko ndi zoimbaimba ku Germany, kutsatira mayunitsi patsogolo wa Soviet Army.

Njira yolenga ya Andrei Ivanov ndi njira ya wojambula woyambirira, wowala kwambiri, yemwe masewerawo anali pa nthawi yomweyo sukulu. Ngati poyamba anasonkhanitsa repertoire ndi ntchito yake, ndiye kenako anagwira ntchito ndi ziwerengero zambiri zazikulu mu zisudzo nyimbo, monga wotsogolera V. Lossky (Sverdlovsk), okonda A. Pazovsky (Sverdlovsk ndi Kyiv) makamaka V. Dranishnikov ( Kyiv) , adatenga gawo lalikulu pakukulitsa luso lake la mawu ndi siteji.

Njira imeneyi mwachibadwa inatsogolera Andrei Alekseevich ku siteji ya likulu. Analowa nawo Bolshoi Theatre mu 1950 monga mbuye wokhwima, mu mphamvu zake zolenga. Nyimbo zake zoimbira, kuphatikizapo zojambulira pawailesi, zinali ndi magawo makumi asanu ndi atatu. Ndipo komabe woyimbayo sanasiye kufunafuna kwake kulenga. Kuchita nawo mbali zodziwika bwino monga Igor, Demon, Valentin, Germont, adapeza mitundu yatsopano mwa aliyense wa iwo, kuwongolera mawu awo ndi machitidwe awo. Kukula kwa siteji ya Bolshoi, phokoso la oimba ake oimba, mgwirizano wolenga ndi oimba abwino kwambiri, ntchito mu zisudzo ndi pawailesi motsogoleredwa ndi otsogolera N. Golovanov, B. Khaikin, S. Samosud, M. Zhukov - onse ichi chinali chilimbikitso cha kukula kwina kwa ojambula, kukulitsa zithunzi zomwe zidapangidwa. Kotero, chifaniziro cha Prince Igor chimakhala chofunika kwambiri, chokulirapo, cholemeretsedwa mu kupanga Bolshoi Theatre ndi malo othawa, omwe Andrei Alekseevich anali asanakumane nawo.

Zochita zamakonsati za woimbayo zidakulanso. Kuwonjezera maulendo ambiri kuzungulira Soviet Union, Andrei Ivanov mobwerezabwereza anapita kunja - mu Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Germany, England, kumene anachita osati m'mizinda ikuluikulu, komanso m'matauni ang'onoang'ono.

The main discography ya AA Ivanov:

1. Chithunzi chochokera ku opera "Tsarskaya nevesta", gawo la Gryaznogo, lolembedwa mu 1946, kwaya ndi oimba a GABTA p/u K. Kondrashina, mnzake - N. Obukhova ndi V. Shevtsov. (Pakadali pano, CD yatulutsidwa kunja kwa mndandanda wakuti "Oimba Opambana a ku Russia" ponena za luso la NA Obukhova)
2. Opera "Rigoletto" J. Verdi, gawo la Rigoletto, kujambula 1947, kwaya GABT, orchestra VR p/u SA Ku Samosuda, mnzake ndi I. Kozlovsky, I. Maslennikova, V. Borysenko, V. Gavryusov ndi ena. (Pakadali pano, CD yojambulidwa ya opera yatulutsidwa kunja)
3. Opera "Cherevichki" ndi PI Ivanov, M. Mikhailov, E. Antonova ndi ena. (Pakadali pano, CD yojambulidwa ya opera yatulutsidwa kunja)
4. Opera "Eugene Onegin" ndi PI Tchaikovsky, gawo la Onegin, lolembedwa mu 1948, kwaya ndi oimba a Bolshoi Theatre yoyendetsedwa ndi A. Orlov, ogwirizana - E. Kruglikova, M. Maksakova, I. Kozlovsky, M. Reizen. (Pakadali pano, CD yojambulidwa ya opera yatulutsidwa kunja)
5. Opera "Prince Igor" yolembedwa ndi AP Borodin, mbali ya Prince Igor, yolembedwa mu 1949, kwaya ndi oimba a Bolshoi Theatre, yoyendetsedwa ndi A. Sh. Melik-Pashaev, othandizana nawo - E. Smolenskaya, V. Borisenko, A. Pirogov, S. Lemeshev, M. Reizen ndi ena. (Pakali pano CD yatulutsidwa kunja)
6. Solo chimbale cha woimba ndi kujambula Arias ku zisudzo mu mndandanda "Lebendige Vergangenheit - Andrej Ivanov". (Yotulutsidwa ku Germany pa CD)