Alexey Petrovich Ivanov |

Alexei Ivanov

Alexei Petrovich anabadwa mu 1904 m'banja la mphunzitsi parochial. Mnyamatayo atakula, anatumizidwa kusukulu imeneyi, yomwe inali m’mudzi wa Chizhovo, m’chigawo cha Tver. Kuimba kunaphunzitsidwa kusukulu, komwe kunatengedwanso ndi banja la Ivanov. Aleksey wamng'ono ankamvetsera mwachidwi pamene abambo ake ndi alongo ake ankaimba nyimbo zachikhalidwe. Posakhalitsa adalowa nawo kwaya yakunyumba ndi mawu ake. Kuyambira pamenepo, Alexey sanasiye kuimba.

Mu sukulu yeniyeni ya Tver, kumene Aleksey Petrovich analowa, zisudzo amateur anachitidwa ndi ophunzira. Udindo woyamba wa Alexei unali udindo wa Nyerere mu nyimbo ya nthano ya Krylov "Chinjoka ndi Nyerere". Nditamaliza maphunziro awo ku koleji, Alexei Petrovich analowa physics ndi masamu dipatimenti ya Tver Pedagogical Institute. Kuyambira 1926, wakhala akugwira ntchito monga mphunzitsi wa physics, masamu ndi zimango pa FZU School of Tver Carriage Works. Panthawi imeneyi, maphunziro oimba kwambiri amayamba. Mu 1928 Ivanov analowa Leningrad Conservatory, popanda kusokoneza chiphunzitso cha sayansi yeniyeni m'masukulu ndi masukulu luso Leningrad.

Opera situdiyo pa Conservatory, kumene anaphunzira motsogozedwa ndi Ivan Vasilevich Ershov, anapereka woimbayo kwambiri kupeza luso mawu ndi siteji. Ndi kutentha kwakukulu, Alexei Petrovich anakumbukira ntchito yake yoyamba, yomwe anachita pa siteji ya studio - gawo la Scarpia mu opera ya G. Puccini Tosca. Mu 1948, ndi iye, kale anazindikira woimba, soloist wa Bolshoi Theatre, anachita pa Prague Spring Chikondwerero pa Prague Opera House pamodzi ndi Dino Bodesti ndi Yarmila Pekhova. Motsogozedwa ndi Yershov, Ivanov adakonzanso gawo la Gryaznoy ("Mkwatibwi wa Tsar").

Udindo waukulu pakupanga talente ya siteji ya wojambulayo unaseweredwa ndi zaka zomwe anakhala ku Leningrad Academic Maly Opera Theatre, pa siteji yomwe Alexei Petrovich anayamba kuchita mu 1932. Kale panthawiyo, chidwi chambiri cha woimba wamng'onoyo anakopeka ndi mfundo za kulenga za Stanislavsky, kusintha kwake m'munda wa zisudzo, chikhumbo chake chogonjetsa opera clichés, zomwe zofuna za wosewera-woimba nthawi zambiri zinkaperekedwa nsembe, zomwe ziwonetsero za opera zinatayika. umphumphu ndipo adagawanika kukhala maphwando angapo osiyana, opambana kapena ocheperapo omwe adayimbidwa bwino. Ndikugwira ntchito ku MALEGOT, Ivanov anakumana ndi KS Stanislavsky ndipo adakambirana naye nthawi yayitali, pomwe adalandira maphunziro ofunikira kwambiri pazithunzi za opera.

Mu 1936-38 wojambula anachita pa siteji ya Saratov ndi Gorky Opera Nyumba. Ku Saratov, adachita bwino kwambiri ngati Chiwanda mu opera ya dzina lomwelo ndi A. Rubinstein. Pambuyo pake, akuchita gawo la Chiwanda mu nthambi ya Bolshoi Theatre, woimbayo adakulitsa kwambiri siteji ya ngwazi ya Lermontov, kupeza kukhudza kwakukulu komwe kunayambitsa mzimu wake wopanduka wosasunthika. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, woimbayo adapatsa Chiwanda mawonekedwe aumunthu, akumukoka osati cholengedwa chachinsinsi, koma monga umunthu wamphamvu yemwe sanafune kupirira chisalungamo chozungulira.

Pa siteji ya nthambi ya Bolshoi Theatre, Alexei Petrovich anapanga kuwonekera koyamba kugulu lake mu udindo wa Rigoletto mu 1938. Ngati pa zigawo Western Europe khalidwe lalikulu nthawi zambiri Duke, amene mbali yake ikuphatikizidwa mu repertoire ya tenors otchuka, ndiye mu Kupanga kwa Bolshoi komwe kunachitika, tsogolo la jester Rigoletto linapeza tanthauzo lalikulu. Kwa zaka zambiri za ntchito yake ku Bolshoi Theatre, Ivanov anaimba pafupifupi nyimbo yonse ya baritone, ndi ntchito yake pa udindo wa Bes mu opera Cherevichki makamaka otsutsa ndi omvera. Mu gawo ili, Alexei Petrovich adawonetsa kusinthasintha kwa mawu amphamvu ndi a sonorous, kukwanira kwakuchita. Mawu ake amamveka bwino m'malo amatsenga. Chisangalalo chodziwika bwino mwa wojambulayo chinathandiza kuchotsa zongopeka kuchokera ku chithunzi cha Bes - Ivanov anamujambula ngati cholengedwa chodabwitsa, chodabwitsa, choyesera kuti chilowetse munthu panjira. Mu 1947, ndi kupambana kwakukulu, Ivanov anachita mbali ya Peter mu kupanga ndi kusindikiza kwa opera ya A. Serov The Enemy Force. Anayang'anizana ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri, chifukwa mu kope latsopano la ntchitoyo, Petro anakhala fano lapakati m'malo mwa wosula zitsulo Eremka. Umu ndi momwe otsutsa azaka zimenezo analemba kuti: "Aleksey Ivanov analimbana ndi ntchitoyi mwanzeru, akusuntha pakati pa mphamvu yokoka ya sewerolo ku chithunzi chozama cha mawu ndi siteji chomwe adalenga, ndikusokoneza maganizo a Petro wosakhazikika, kusintha kwadzidzidzi. kuchokera ku zosangalatsa zosayembekezereka mpaka kupsinjika maganizo. Tikumbukenso kuti wojambula pa udindo umenewu anayandikira gwero la opera - sewero la Ostrovsky "Musakhale monga mukufuna" ndipo anamvetsa bwino lingaliro lake, chikhalidwe chake makhalidwe.

Kutentha kotentha ndi talente ya siteji nthawi zonse kunathandiza Alexei Petrovich kukhalabe ndi vuto la zochitika zazikulu, kuti akwaniritse kukhulupirika kwa zithunzi za opaleshoni. Chifaniziro cha woimba wa Mazepa mu opera PI Tchaikovsky chinakhala bwino kwambiri. Wojambulayo molimba mtima adawulula zotsutsana pakati pa olemekezeka a maonekedwe akunja a hetman wakale ndi chikhalidwe chake choipa cha wachinyengo yemwe ali mlendo ku malingaliro ndi zolinga zabwino zaumunthu. Kuwerengera kozizira kumatsogolera malingaliro onse ndi zochita za Mazepa zochitidwa ndi Ivanov. Choncho Mazepa analamula kuti aphe Kochubey, bambo ake a Maria. Ndipo, atachita zoipazi, akukumbatira mwachikondi Mariya, amene anam’khulupirira mwakhungu, nafunsa mwamantha kuti ndani mwa awiriwo—iye kapena atate wake—akanapereka nsembe ngati mmodzi wa iwo amwalira. Alexei Ivanov adachita chochitikachi modabwitsa kwambiri m'maganizo, zomwe zimakula kwambiri mu chithunzi chotsiriza, pamene Mazepa akuwona kugwa kwa mapulani ake onse.

Alexei Petrovich Ivanov anayenda pafupifupi Soviet Union ndi maulendo, anapita kunja, nawo mu kupanga zosiyanasiyana opera nyumba yachilendo opera. Mu 1945, ataimba ku Vienna, wojambulayo analandira nkhata ya laurel yokhala ndi mawu akuti: "Kwa wojambula wamkulu wochokera mumzinda woyamikira womasulidwa wa Vienna." Woimbayo nthawi zonse amakumbukira lamulo la MI Glinka la "phokoso lomveka bwino, losangalatsa komanso lomveka nthawi zonse." Mawu awa amabwera m'maganizo mukamamva kuyimba kwa Alexei Petrovich, pamene mumasirira mawu ake abwino kwambiri, akubweretsa mawu aliwonse kwa omvera. Ivanov ndi mlembi wa mabuku angapo, amene malo apadera otanganidwa ndi zokumbukira zake, lofalitsidwa m'buku lotchedwa "The Life of an Artist".

The main discography ya AP Ivanov:

1. Opera "Carmen" ndi G. Bizet, gawo la Escamillo, kwaya ndi oimba a Bolshoi Theatre yochitidwa ndi V. Nebolsin, yolembedwa mu 1953, ogwirizana - V. Borisenko, G. Nelepp, E. Shumskaya ndi ena. (Ikutulutsidwa pano pa CD mdziko lathu komanso kunja)
2. Opera "Pagliacci" ndi R. Leoncavallo, gawo la Tonio, kwaya ndi oimba a Bolshoi Theatre yoyendetsedwa ndi V. Nebolsin, "moyo" kujambula kwa 1959, ogwirizana - M. Del Monaco, L. Maslennikova, N. Timchenko, E. Wokondedwa. (Nthaŵi yapitayi inatulutsidwa pa malekodi a galamafoni mu 1983 pakampani ya Melodiya)
3. Opera "Boris Godunov" ndi M. Mussorgsky, gawo la Andrei Shchelkalov, kwaya ndi oimba a Bolshoi Theatre yoyendetsedwa ndi A. Melik-Pashaev, yolembedwa mu 1962, abwenzi - I. Petrov, G. Shulpin, V. Ivanovsky, M. Reshetin, I Arkhipov ndi ena. (Yotulutsidwa pa CD kunja kwa nyanja)
4. Opera "Khovanshchina" ndi M. Mussorgsky, gawo la Shaklovity, kwaya ndi oimba a Bolshoi Theatre yoyendetsedwa ndi V. Nebolsin, yolembedwa mu 1951, ogwirizana nawo - M. Reizen, M. Maksakov, A. Krivchenya, G. Bolshakov, N. Khanaev ndi ena. (Yotulutsidwa pa CD kunja kwa nyanja)
5. Opera "Dubrovsky" ndi E. Napravnik, gawo la Troekurov, kwaya ndi oimba a Bolshoi Theatre yochitidwa ndi V. Nebolsin, yolembedwa mu 1948, ogwirizana nawo - I. Kozlovsky, N. Chubenko, E. Verbitskaya, E. Ivanov, N. Pokrovskaya ndi ena. (Kutulutsidwa komaliza pamarekodi a galamafoni ndi kampani ya Melodiya mu 70s ya XX century)
6. Opera "Nthano ya Tsar Saltan" ndi N. Rimsky-Korsakov, mbali ya messenger, kwaya ndi oimba a Bolshoi Theatre yochitidwa ndi V. Nebolsin, yolembedwa mu 1958, abwenzi - I. Petrov, E. Smolenskaya, V. Ivanovsky , G. Oleinichenko, L. Nikitina, E. Shumilova, P. Chekin ndi ena. (Yotulutsidwa pa CD kunja kwa nyanja)
7. Opera "Mkwatibwi wa Tsar" ndi N. Rimsky-Korsakov, gawo la Gryaznoy, kwaya ndi oimba a Bolshoi Theatre, "Live" kujambula kwa 1958, abwenzi - E. Shumskaya, I. Arkhipov. (Zojambulazo zimasungidwa mu ndalama za wailesi, sizinatulutsidwe pa CD)
8. Opera "The Demon" ndi A. Rubinstein, gawo la Chiwanda, kwaya ndi oimba a Bolshoi Theatre yoyendetsedwa ndi A. Melik-Pashaev, yolembedwa mu 1950, abwenzi - T. Talakhadze, I. Kozlovsky, E. Gribova, V. Gavryushov ndi ena. (Yotulutsidwa pa CD mdziko lathu komanso kunja)
9. Opera "Mazepa" ndi P. Tchaikovsky, gawo la Mazepa, kwaya ndi oimba a Bolshoi Theatre yochitidwa ndi V. Nebolsin, yolembedwa mu 1948, ogwirizana nawo - I. Petrov, V. Davydova, N. Pokrovskaya, G. Bolshakov ndi ena. (Yotulutsidwa pa CD kunja kwa nyanja)
10. Opera "Mfumukazi ya Spades" ndi P. Tchaikovsky, mbali ya Tomsky, kwaya ndi oimba a Bolshoi Theatre yoyendetsedwa ndi A. Melik-Pashaev, olembedwa mu 1948, ogwirizana - G. Nelepp, E. Smolenskaya, P. Lisitsian, E. Verbitskaya, V. Borisenko ndi ena. (Yotulutsidwa pa CD ku Russia ndi kunja)
11. Opera "Cherevichki" ndi P. Tchaikovsky, gawo la Bes, kwaya ndi oimba a Bolshoi Theatre yoyendetsedwa ndi A. Melik-Pashaev, yolembedwa mu 1948, abwenzi - E. Kruglikova, M. Mikhailov, G. Nelepp, E. Antonova, F. Godovkin ndi ena. (Yotulutsidwa pa CD kunja kwa nyanja)
12. Opera "The Decembrists" ndi Y. Shaporin, gawo la Ryleev, kwaya ndi oimba a Bolshoi Theatre yoyendetsedwa ndi A. Melik-Pashaev, olembedwa mu 1955, ogwirizana - A. Pirogov, N. Pokrovskaya, G. Nelepp, E. Verbitskaya , I. Petrov , A. Ognivtsev ndi ena. (Nthawi yomaliza idatulutsidwa pa galamafoni "Melodiya" chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 60 m'ma 40) Pakati pa mavidiyo omwe ali ndi filimu yotchuka ya AP Ivanova "Cherevychki", kuwombera kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XNUMX ndi kutenga nawo mbali. a G. Bolshakova, M. Mikhailova ndi ena.