Angelica Catalani (Angelica Catalani) |

Angelica Catalan

Chikatalani ndi chodabwitsa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi pazaluso zamawu. Paolo Scudo adatcha woimba wa coloratura "chodabwitsa cha chilengedwe" chifukwa cha luso lake lapadera. Angelica Catalani adabadwa pa Meyi 10, 1780 m'tawuni ya Italy ya Gubbio, m'chigawo cha Umbria. Abambo ake a Antonio Catalani, ochita chidwi, ankadziwika kuti ndi woweruza wachigawo komanso ngati bass woyamba wa chapel ya Senigallo Cathedral.

Kale ali mwana, Angelica anali ndi mawu okongola. Bambo ake adapereka maphunziro ake kwa wochititsa Pietro Morandi. Kenaka, poyesa kuthetsa vuto la banjali, adatumiza mtsikana wazaka khumi ndi ziwiri ku nyumba ya amonke ya Santa Lucia. Kwa zaka ziwiri, anthu ambiri a m’tchalitchichi ankabwera kuno kudzangomumva akuimba.

Atangobwerera kunyumba, mtsikanayo anapita ku Florence kukaphunzira ndi woimba sopranist wotchuka Luigi Marchesi. Marchesi, yemwe amatsatira kalembedwe ka mawu kochititsa chidwi kwambiri, anaona kuti n'koyenera kugawana ndi wophunzira wake makamaka luso lake lodabwitsa poimba mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mawu okongoletsedwa, luso laukadaulo. Angelica anakhala wophunzira waluso, ndipo posakhalitsa anabadwa waluso ndi virtuoso woimba.

Mu 1797, Catalani adayambitsa masewero ake ku Venetian Theatre "La Fenice" mu opera ya S. Mayr "Lodoiska". Alendo a zisudzo nthawi yomweyo adawona mawu apamwamba, omveka a wojambula watsopanoyo. Ndipo chifukwa cha kukongola kosowa ndi kukongola kwa Angelica, kupambana kwake ndikomveka. Chaka chotsatira amachita ku Livorno, patatha chaka chimodzi amaimba ku Pergola Theatre ku Florence, ndipo amathera chaka chomaliza cha zaka zana ku Trieste.

Zaka zana zatsopano zimayamba bwino kwambiri - pa January 21, 1801, Catalani akuimba kwa nthawi yoyamba pa siteji ya La Scala yotchuka. "Kulikonse kumene woimbayo anawonekera, kulikonse omvera ankalemekeza luso lake," analemba VV Timokhin. - Zowona, kuyimba kwa wojambulayo sikunadziwike ndi kumverera kozama, sanadziwike chifukwa cha khalidwe lake la siteji, koma mu nyimbo zachisangalalo, zokondweretsa, za bravura samadziwa wofanana naye. Kukongola kwapadera kwa mawu a Catalani, omwe kale adakhudza mitima ya akhristu wamba, tsopano, kuphatikiza ndi luso lapadera, adakondweretsa okonda nyimbo za opera.

Mu 1804, woimbayo anapita ku Lisbon. Mu likulu la Portugal, iye akukhala soloist wa m'deralo Italy opera. Chikatalani chikuyamba kukondedwa kwambiri ndi omvera am'deralo.

Mu 1806, Angelica adalowa mgwirizano wopindulitsa ndi London Opera. Panjira "Albion chifunga" amapereka zoimbaimba angapo mu Madrid, ndiyeno kuimba ku Paris kwa miyezi ingapo.

Mu holo ya "National Academy of Music" kuyambira June mpaka September, Catalani anasonyeza luso lake mu mapulogalamu atatu konsati, ndipo nthawi iliyonse panali nyumba zonse. Zinanenedwa kuti maonekedwe a Paganini wamkulu okha ndi omwe angapangitse zotsatira zofanana. Otsutsawo anachita chidwi kwambiri ndi kusiyanasiyana, kupepuka kodabwitsa kwa mawu a woimbayo.

Luso la Chikatalani linagonjetsanso Napoliyoni. Wojambula wa ku Italy adaitanidwa ku Tuileries, komwe adakambirana ndi mfumu. "Mukupita kuti?" Mkulu wa asilikali anafunsa womuyankhula. "Ku London, mbuye wanga," adatero Catalani. "Ndi bwino kukhala ku Paris, apa mudzalipidwa bwino ndipo talente yanu idzayamikiridwa. Mudzalandira ma franc zikwi zana limodzi pachaka ndi tchuthi cha miyezi iwiri. Zasankhidwa; chabwino madam."

Komabe, Catalani anakhalabe wokhulupirika ku mgwirizano ndi London Theatre. Anathawa ku France pa sitima yapamadzi yonyamula akaidi. Mu December 1806, Catalani anaimba kwa nthawi yoyamba kwa Londoners mu Portugal opera Semiramide.

Pambuyo kutseka kwa zisudzo nyengo mu likulu la England, woimba, monga ulamuliro, anapita konsati maulendo m'zigawo English. “Dzina lake, lolengezedwa pazikwangwani, linakopa makamu a anthu kumizinda yaing’ono kwambiri m’dzikolo,” mboni zowona ndi maso zikutero.

Pambuyo pa kugwa kwa Napoleon mu 1814, Catalani anabwerera ku France, ndipo anapita pa ulendo waukulu ndi bwino wa Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Belgium ndi Holland.

Odziwika kwambiri pakati pa omvera anali ntchito monga "Semiramide" ndi Portugal, kusiyana kwa Rode, arias kuchokera ku zisudzo "The Beautiful Miller's Woman" ndi Giovanni Paisiello, "Atatu Atatu" ndi Vincenzo Puccita (wothandizira Catalani). Anthu a ku Ulaya adalandira bwino machitidwe ake mu ntchito za Cimarosa, Nicolini, Picchini ndi Rossini.

Atabwerera ku Paris, Catalani anakhala mtsogoleri wa Italy Opera. Komabe, mwamuna wake, Paul Valabregue, kwenikweni amayang'anira zisudzo. Iye anayesa mu malo oyamba kuonetsetsa phindu la ogwira ntchito. Chifukwa chake kuchepetsedwa kwa mtengo wamasewera, komanso kutsika kwakukulu kwamitengo yazinthu "zazing'ono" za opera, monga kwaya ndi okhestra.

Mu May 1816, Catalani akubwerera ku siteji. Zomwe amachita ku Munich, Venice ndi Naples zikutsatira. Only mu August 1817, atabwerera ku Paris, iye kwa nthawi yochepa anakhalanso mutu wa Italy Opera. Koma pasanathe chaka, mu April 1818, Catalani anasiya ntchito yake. Kwa zaka khumi zotsatira, iye ankayendayenda nthawi zonse ku Ulaya. Pofika nthawi imeneyo, Chikatalani sichinkakonda kulemba manotsi apamwamba kwambiri, koma kusinthasintha kwakale komanso mphamvu ya mawu ake zidakopabe omvera.

Mu 1823 Catalani anapita ku likulu la Russia kwa nthawi yoyamba. Ku St. Petersburg, analandiridwa mwachikondi kwambiri. Pa January 6, 1825, Catalani adagwira nawo ntchito yotsegulira nyumba yamakono ya Bolshoi Theatre ku Moscow. Iye anachita mbali ya Erato m'mawu oyamba a "Chikondwerero cha Muses", nyimbo yomwe inalembedwa ndi olemba Russian AN Verstovsky ndi AA Alyabiev.

Mu 1826, Catalani adayendera Italy, akusewera ku Genoa, Naples ndi Rome. Mu 1827 anapita ku Germany. Ndipo nyengo yotsatira, m'chaka cha zaka makumi atatu za ntchito zaluso, Catalani adaganiza zosiya siteji. Kuimba komaliza kwa woimbayo kunachitika mu 1828 ku Dublin.

Pambuyo pake, kunyumba kwawo ku Florence, wojambulayo anaphunzitsa kuyimba kwa atsikana achichepere omwe anali kukonzekera ntchito ya zisudzo. Iye tsopano ankayimbira anthu omwe ankawadziwa komanso anzake okha. Iwo sakanachitira mwina koma kutamanda, ndipo ngakhale pa msinkhu wolemekezeka, woimbayo sanataye zambiri za makhalidwe amtengo wapatali a mawu ake. Pothawa mliri wa kolera womwe unabuka ku Italy, Catalani anathamangira kwa ana ku Paris. Komabe, chodabwitsa n’chakuti anamwalira ndi matendawa pa June 12, 1849.

VV Timokhin analemba kuti:

"Angelica Catalani moyenerera ndi m'modzi mwa akatswiri ojambula kwambiri omwe akhala akunyadira kusukulu yaku Italy yaku Italiya zaka mazana awiri apitawa. Talente yosowa kwambiri, kukumbukira bwino kwambiri, luso lotha kudziwa bwino bwino malamulo oimba nyimbo zimatsimikizira kupambana kwakukulu kwa woimbayo pazigawo za opera ndi m'maholo oimba m'mayiko ambiri a ku Ulaya.

Kukongola kwachilengedwe, mphamvu, kupepuka, kusuntha kodabwitsa kwa mawu, komwe kumapitilira mpaka "mchere" wa octave yachitatu, kunapereka zifukwa zoyankhulira za woimbayo ngati mwini wake wa imodzi mwa zida zomveka bwino kwambiri. Catalani anali virtuoso wosayerekezeka ndipo inali mbali iyi ya luso lake yomwe inapambana kutchuka kwapadziko lonse. Iye anakometsa mitundu yonse ya zokometsera za mawu mowolowa manja mwachilendo. Iye anakwanitsa mwanzeru, monga m'nthawi yake wamng'ono, wotchuka tenor Rubini ndi oimba ena odziwika a ku Italy a nthawi imeneyo, kusiyana pakati pa mphamvu zamphamvu ndi mawu ochititsa chidwi, odekha a mezza. Omverawo adakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi ufulu wodabwitsa, chiyero ndi liwiro lomwe wojambulayo adayimba masikelo achromatic, mmwamba ndi pansi, kupanga trill pa semitone iliyonse.