Cajon: ndi chiyani, zida, phokoso, kusewera, kugwiritsa ntchito

Kuti mukhale woimba, sikoyenera kukhala ndi maphunziro ndi luso lapadera. Zida zina zimangotanthauza kuti woimbayo ali ndi chikhumbo chachikulu chotenga nawo mbali popanga nyimbo zosangalatsa. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi cajon. Itha kuseweredwa ndi aliyense amene ali ndi kamvekedwe ka nyimbo.

Ngati simukudziwa za mawonekedwe osinthika ndi kumenyedwa konse, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chida choimbira ngati ... mipando, chifukwa imawoneka ngati mpando kapena benchi wamba.

Cajon bwanji

Kunja, iyi ndi bokosi la plywood wamba lomwe lili ndi dzenje mu imodzi mwa ndege. Zaka zoposa 200 zapitazo ku Latin America, kabokosi kamatabwa kanagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chida choimbira. Iwo anangokhala pa icho n’kumenyetsa manja awo m’mbali. Bowo mu imodzi mwa ndege (gawo inverter) limasonyeza phokoso. Khoma lakutsogolo ndi tapa. Anapangidwa ndi plywood yomatira kapena yovekedwa, yomangidwira ku thupi.

Maboti samagwira ntchito yomangirira, komanso ma acoustic. Akamakhazikika mwamphamvu, m'pamenenso amamveka phokoso. Kumangirira kofooka kumawonjezera mphamvu ya mawu.

Chida choimbira cha cajon ndi cha banja la zingwe zoyimba. Koma makope oyambirira anali opanda zingwe, ankawoneka ngati ng'oma yakale, yopanda kanthu kuchokera mkati. M'kupita kwa nthawi, mitundu yawoneka yomwe imakulitsa mwayi wamawu. Mapangidwe amkati adapeza zingwe, kupsinjika komwe kumatsimikizira phokoso.

Mitundu yamakono yamabokosi a percussion imawoneka yokongola kwambiri. Mtundu wamawu wakula chifukwa cha mabowo owonjezera a resonator ndi inverter ya gawo. Thupi silinapangidwe ndi matabwa, plywood yokhala ndi makulidwe a 8-15 millimeters imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.

Kodi kajoni amamveka bwanji?

Kwa zaka mazana aŵiri, anthu aphunzira kutulutsa mamvekedwe a ng'oma ndi mamvekedwe osiyanasiyana pa chida choimbira chimene chikuoneka kuti n'chachikale kwambiri. Zimadalira kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya stringer, kukanikiza zingwe ku tapa. Zokongoletsedwa ndi zomveka, mitundu itatu ya mawu imapezedwa, yomwe imatchulidwa kawirikawiri:

• kuwombera - kugunda kwamphamvu;
• bass - woimbayo amatulutsa kamvekedwe kake ka ng'oma;
• mchenga ndi kufota nkhonya.

Phokoso zimadalira malo ndi kukula kwa gawo inverter, mavuto a zingwe, kukanikiza iwo kwa tapa. Kuti chidacho chigwirizane ndi timbre inayake, amagwiritsidwa ntchito cholumikizira chingwe. Magawo amawu amagawidwa poyika chotsitsa chotsitsa.

Chida cha cajon chimatha kusiyanitsa nyimbo zoyimba komanso zomveka zokha. Mofanana ndi nyimbo zambiri zoimbira ndi ng'oma, pamodzi zimawonetsa ndondomeko ya rhythmic, zimadzaza nyimboyo ndi tempo, kuwala, ndi kutsindika zochitika.

Mbiri yakale

Cajon ndi chida chachikhalidwe cha Afro-Peruvia. Ndizodziwika bwino kuti zidawoneka panthawi yautsamunda waku Spain. Ndiye anthu akapolo analetsedwa kusonyeza mbali za chikhalidwe cha dziko. Anthu anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mabokosi, mabokosi a fodya, mabokosi a ndudu m'malo mwa zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse. Zidutswa zonse zamatabwa zinagwiritsidwanso ntchito, momwe malo amkati anali obowola.

Mizu ya anthu a ku Spain ku kontinenti ya Africa inapatsa chida choimbira dzina lake. Iwo anayamba kumutcha “cajon” kuchokera ku mawu akuti cajon (bokosi). Pang’ono ndi pang’ono, ng’oma yatsopanoyo inasamukira ku Latin America, n’kukhala mwambo wa akapolo.

Peru imatengedwa kuti ndi malo obadwirako cajon. Zinatenga zaka makumi angapo kuti chida chatsopanocho chidziwike ndikukhala mbali ya miyambo ya anthu a ku Peru. Ubwino waukulu ndikusinthasintha, kutha kusintha mawu, timbre, kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamayendedwe.

Cajon idabwera ku Europe m'zaka za zana la 90, idadziwika kwambiri koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 2001. Mmodzi mwa anthu otchuka kwambiri m'bokosilo anali woimba wotchuka, woyimba gitala wa virtuoso Paco de Lucia. Ndilo chida chachikhalidwe choyambirira cha flamenco kulira ku Latin America. Mu XNUMX, cajon idakhala National Heritage of Peru.

mitundu

Kwa zaka mazana awiri bokosi lamatabwa lasintha. Masiku ano, pali mitundu ingapo ya ma cajons omwe amasiyana ndi mawu, kukula, chipangizo:

1. Popanda zingwe. Wosauka kwambiri m'banjamo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu nyimbo za flamenco. Zili ndi malire ochepa komanso timbre, mapangidwe ophweka mwa mawonekedwe a bokosi lopanda kanthu ndi dzenje la resonator ndi tapa.
2. Chingwe. Zinaganiza kuti mmodzi mwa oimba adzaza bokosilo ndi zingwe za gitala. Anaikidwa m’makona pafupi ndi tapa. Akamenyedwa, zingwezo zinkamveka, phokoso limakhala lolemera, lodzaza. Ma cajon amakono amagwiritsa ntchito zingwe za ng'oma wamba.
3. Bass. Iye ndi membala wa percussion ensembles. Ali ndi kukula kokulirapo. Imagwira ntchito yomveka pamodzi ndi zida zina za gulu la percussive.

Pokhala wotchuka, cajon nthawi zonse imasintha kapangidwe kake, zida zokhala ndi zingwe ndi zina zowonjezera. Oimba amawongolera m'njira yoti phokoso likhale lodzaza. Kusavuta kugwiritsa ntchito n'kofunikanso. Kotero, pali mabokosi ooneka ngati T, omwe mwendo wake umakhala pakati pa miyendo ya woimba. Pali zitsanzo za hexagonal ndi octagonal zokhala ndi "stuffing" zamagetsi, mabowo osiyanasiyana.

Momwe mungasankhire cajon

Ngakhale kuti chidacho n'chosavuta, njira zosankhidwa ndizofunika kuti zikhale zomveka bwino komanso zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Samalani ndi nkhani ya mlandu. Plywood ndi yotsika mtengo kuposa matabwa olimba ndipo satengeka mosavuta ndi mapindikidwe. Mitundu yamakono ya fiberglass imamveka mokweza, imatha kugwira ntchito m'magulu akuluakulu, imakhala ndi mawu owala, omveka okha.

Simuyenera kupulumutsa posankha zinthu za tapas. Pulasitiki ndi plywood zilibe mawonekedwe okongola omwe matabwa amakhala. Njira yabwino kwambiri ndi phulusa, beech, mapulo ndi mitundu ina yamatabwa.

Akatswiri adzayandikira kusankha kwa chida mosamala kwambiri. Adzafunika zida zamagetsi, maikolofoni, makina okulitsa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakonsati. Kuti musankhe cajon, choyamba muyenera kudalira zomwe mumakonda, kumva, ndi zenizeni za Sewerolo. Mphamvu ya kapangidwe kake, yomwe iyenera kupirira kulemera kwa wochita, ndiyofunikanso.

Momwe mungasewere cajon

Kumayambiriro kwa ng'oma, udindo wa woimba panthawi ya Sewero unatsimikiziridwa. Iye wakhala, akumanga bokosi ndi kutambasula miyendo yake. Kukwapula kumachitika pakati pa miyendo pamwamba pa tapa. Pankhaniyi, dzenje lakumveka lili pambali kapena kumbuyo. Mukhoza kumenya ndi chikhatho cha dzanja lanu kapena ndi zala zanu. Mafupa apadera, ndodo, nozzles amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kukhudzika kwa ng'oma kumakupatsani mwayi wotulutsa mawu akulu ngakhale ndi zikwapu zopepuka.

kugwiritsa

Nthawi zambiri, cajon amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu jazi, anthu, ethno, latino. Imaseweredwa ndi oimba mumsewu ndi mamembala amagulu aluso, ma ensembles, orchestra. Ntchito yayikulu ya kabati ndikukwaniritsa gawo lalikulu la rhythm. Choncho, woimba sayenera kukhala ndi luso kuimba zida zoimbira, kudziwa nyimbo notation. Ndikokwanira kukhala ndi lingaliro la rhythm.

Bokosi loyimba litha kusintha ng'oma ya bass mu zida za ng'oma. Ichi ndi chida chosunthika chomwe chitha kukhala chothandizira kwambiri pa piyano ndi gitala.