Cleveland Orchestra |

Cleveland Orchestra

The Cleveland Orchestra ndi gulu la oimba la ku America la symphony ku Cleveland, Ohio. Gulu la oimba linakhazikitsidwa mu 1918. Malo ochitira konsati kunyumba ya oimbawo ndi Severance Hall. Malinga ndi mwambo womwe udayamba pakutsutsa nyimbo zaku America, oimba a Cleveland Orchestra ali m'gulu la oimba asanu apamwamba aku US (omwe amatchedwa "Big Five"), ndipo ndi gulu lokhalo loyimba kuchokera ku asanu awa ochokera ku mzinda wawung'ono waku America.

Cleveland Orchestra idakhazikitsidwa mu 1918 ndi woyimba piyano Adella Prentice Hughes. Chiyambireni kukhazikitsidwa kwake, gulu la oimba lakhala likuyang'aniridwa ndi Association for the Arts in Music. Wotsogolera zaluso woyamba wa Cleveland Orchestra anali Nikolai Sokolov. Kuyambira zaka zoyambirira za kukhalapo kwake, gulu la oimba mwachangu anayendera mbali ya kum'mawa kwa United States, nawo pa wailesi. Ndi chitukuko cha makampani kujambula, oimba anayamba kulemba mosalekeza.

Kuyambira 1931, gulu la oimba lakhala likukhazikitsidwa ku Severence Hall, yomwe idamangidwa mopanda ndalama za wokonda nyimbo wa Cleveland komanso wopereka chifundo John Severance. Holo imeneyi yokhala ndi anthu 1900 imatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa nyumba zabwino koposa ku United States. Mu 1938, Nicholas Sokolov analowa m'malo kondakitala ndi Artur Rodzinsky, amene anagwira ntchito ndi oimba kwa zaka 10. Pambuyo pake, oimbayo adatsogoleredwa ndi Erich Leinsdorf kwa zaka zitatu.

Tsiku lopambana la Cleveland Orchestra linayamba ndi kubwera kwa mtsogoleri wawo, wotsogolera George Sell. Anayamba ntchito yake mu malo awa mu 1946 ndi kukonzanso kwakukulu kwa gulu la oimba. Oimba ena anachotsedwa ntchito, ena, osafuna kugwira ntchito ndi kondakitala watsopano, anasiya okha okhestra. M’zaka za m’ma 1960, gulu loimbali linali ndi oimba oposa 100 omwe anali m’gulu la oimba bwino kwambiri ku America. Chifukwa cha luso lapamwamba la aliyense wa iwo, otsutsa analemba kuti Cleveland Orchestra "imasewera ngati woyimba payekha." Kwa zaka zoposa makumi awiri za utsogoleri wa George Sell, oimba, malinga ndi otsutsa, adapeza "phokoso la ku Ulaya" lapadera.

Ndikufika kwa Sell, gulu la oimba lidayamba kulimbikira kwambiri m'makonsati ndi kujambula. M'zaka izi, chiwerengero cha makonsati pachaka chinafika 150 pa nyengo. Mu ulamuliro wa George Sell, gulu la oimba linayamba kuyendera kunja. Kuphatikizapo, mu 1965, ulendo wake wa USSR unachitika. Zikondwerero zinachitikira ku Moscow, Leningrad, Kyiv, Tbilisi, Sochi ndi Yerevan.

George Sell atamwalira mu 1970, Pierre Boulez adatsogolera Cleveland Orchestra ngati mlangizi wanyimbo kwa zaka ziwiri. M'tsogolomu, otsogolera odziwika bwino a ku Germany, Lorin Maazel ndi Christoph von Dohnanyi anali otsogolera luso la ochestra. Franz Welser-Möst wakhala mtsogoleri wamkulu wa oimba kuyambira 2. Pansi pa mgwirizanowu, adzakhalabe mtsogoleri wa Cleveland Orchestra mpaka 2002.

Otsogolera nyimbo:

Nikolai Sokolov (1918-1933) Arthur Rodzinsky (1933-1943) Erich Leinsdorf (1943-1946) George Sell (1946-1970) Pierre Boulez (1970-1972) Lorin Maazel (1972-1982) Christo-ph1984 Dony Franz Welser-Möst (kuyambira 2002)