Kuzindikira mtundu wa mawu a mwana ndi wamkulu

Liwu lililonse ndi lapadera komanso losavuta kumva. Chifukwa cha zinthuzi, timatha kuzindikira mawu a anzathu mosavuta ngakhale pafoni. Mawu oimba amasiyana osati ndi timbre, komanso mamvekedwe, mitundu, ndi mitundu yawoyawo. Ndipo m'nkhaniyi muphunzira momwe mungadziwire bwino mtundu wa mawu a mwana kapena wamkulu. Komanso momwe mungadziwire mtundu wanu womasuka.

Mawu oimba nthawi zonse amagwirizana ndi chimodzi mwazinthu za mawu zomwe zinapangidwa pasukulu ya opera ya ku Italy. Phokoso lawo linayerekezedwa ndi zida zoimbira za zingwe zinayi. Monga lamulo, phokoso la violin linafaniziridwa ndi liwu lachikazi la soprano, ndi viola - ndi mezzo. Mawu otsika kwambiri - contralto - ankafanizidwa ndi kulira kwa lipenga (monga momwe zinalili ndi timbre ya tenor), ndi ma bass otsika - ku ma bass awiri.

Umu ndi momwe gulu la mawu limawonekera, pafupi ndi lakwaya. Mosiyana ndi kwaya ya tchalitchi, momwe amuna okha ankaimba, sukulu ya opera ya ku Italy inakulitsa mwayi woimba ndi kulola kuti pakhale gulu la mawu achikazi ndi amuna. Kupatula apo, mu kwaya ya tchalitchi, zigawo za akazi zinkachitidwa ndi treble (soprano) kapena tenor-altino. Chikhalidwe ichi cha mawu chasungidwa lero osati mu opera, komanso mu nyimbo za pop, ngakhale mu siteji yowonetsera phokoso ndi yosiyana. Zina zofunika:

Kuimba kwaukatswiri kuli ndi tanthauzo lake. Pamene akumvetsera, mphunzitsi amatchera khutu ku:

1. Ili ndi dzina la mtundu wapadera wa mawu, womwe ukhoza kukhala wopepuka komanso wakuda, wolemera komanso wofewa, wachifundo. Timbre imakhala ndi mtundu wa mawu womwe munthu aliyense ali nawo. Liwu la wina limamveka lofewa, losaoneka bwino, ngakhale lachibwana, pamene lina limakhala lolemera, lachifuwa ngakhale ali wamng’ono. Pali mutu, chifuwa ndi matabwa osakanikirana, ofewa ndi akuthwa. Ndilo khalidwe lalikulu la mtundu. Pali mawu omwe mawu awo olimba amamveka ngati onyansa komanso osasangalatsa kwambiri moti saloledwa kuti aziimba. Timbre, monga mtundu, ndi gawo lapadera la woimba, ndipo mawu a oimba odziwika bwino amasiyanitsidwa ndi umunthu wake wowala komanso kuzindikira. M'mawu, zofewa, zokongola komanso zosangalatsa ku khutu la khutu zimayamikiridwa.
2. Mtundu uliwonse wa mawu umakhala ndi mawu ake okha, komanso osiyanasiyana. Zingadziŵike poimba kapena kupempha munthu kuti ayimbire nyimbo m’kiyi yomwe ingamuthandize. Nthawi zambiri, mawu oimba amakhala ndi mitundu ingapo, yomwe imalola munthu kudziwa molondola mtundu wake. Pali kusiyana pakati pa mawu ogwira ntchito ndi osagwira ntchito. Oimba akatswiri ali ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimawathandiza kuti asamangosintha anzawo ndi mawu ena, komanso kuti aziimba nyimbo za opera pazigawo zina.
3. Mawu aliwonse ali ndi kiyi yakeyake yomwe ndi yabwino kuti woimba ayimbe. Zidzakhala zosiyana pamtundu uliwonse.
4. Ili ndi dzina la gawo linalake lomwe ndi losavuta kuti woimba ayimbe. Liwu lililonse limakhala limodzi. Kukula kwa derali, kumakhala bwinoko. Nthawi zambiri zimanenedwa kuti pali tessitura yabwino komanso yosasangalatsa kwa mawu kapena wochita. Izi zikutanthauza kuti nyimbo kapena gawo lakwaya limatha kukhala lomasuka kuti woimba wina ayimbire komanso osamasuka kwa wina, ngakhale magawo awo angakhale ofanana. Mwanjira imeneyi mukhoza kudziwa makhalidwe a mawu anu.

Mawu a ana sakhala ndi timbre yopangidwa, koma kale pa nthawi ino ndizotheka kudziwa mtundu wawo akakula. Kawirikawiri amagawidwa kukhala apamwamba ndi aafupi, kwa anyamata ndi atsikana. Mu kwaya amatchedwa soprano ndi alto kapena treble ndi bass. Makwaya osakanizidwa ali ndi soprano 1 ndi 2, ndi alto 1 ndi 2. Pambuyo paunyamata, adzalandira mtundu wowala kwambiri ndipo pambuyo pa zaka 16-18 zidzakhala zotheka kudziwa mtundu wa mawu akuluakulu.

Nthawi zambiri, ma trebles amapanga ma tenor ndi baritones, ndipo ma altos amapanga ma baritones ndi mabasi odabwitsa.. Mawu otsika a atsikana amatha kukhala mezzo-soprano kapena contralto, ndipo soprano imatha kukhala yokwera pang'ono ndikukhala ndi timbre yakeyake. Koma zimachitika kuti mawu otsika amakhala apamwamba komanso mosemphanitsa.

Trible imadziwika bwino ndi kulira kwake kwakukulu. Ena a iwo amatha ngakhale kuyimba zida za atsikana. Iwo ali ndi kaundula wapamwamba wopangidwa bwino ndi osiyanasiyana.

Anyamata ndi atsikana a viola ali ndi phokoso la chifuwa. Zolemba zawo zotsika zimamveka zokongola kwambiri kuposa zolemba zawo zapamwamba. Sopranos - mawu apamwamba kwambiri mwa atsikana - amamveka bwino pamanotsi apamwamba, kuyambira pa G wa octave yoyamba, kusiyana ndi otsika. Mukazindikira ma testitura awo, mutha kumvetsetsa momwe angakulire. Ndiko kuti, momwe mungadziwire kuchuluka kwa mawu awa ngati munthu wamkulu.

Panopa pali mitundu itatu ya mawu achikazi ndi achimuna. Mtundu uliwonse uli ndi zosiyana zake.

Ili ndi timbre yachikazi yowala ndipo imatha kumveka mokweza, kulira komanso kung'ung'udza. Amayimba bwino kumapeto kwa octave yoyamba komanso yachiwiri, ndipo sopranos ena a coloratura amaimba mosavuta notsi zapamwamba pachitatu. Mwa amuna, tenor imakhala ndi mawu ofanana.

Nthawi zambiri, imakhala ndi timbre yozama komanso yoyambira yomwe imatseguka bwino mu octave yoyamba komanso koyambirira kwachiwiri. Zolemba zotsika za mawuwa zimamveka zodzaza, zowutsa mudyo, zokhala ndi phokoso lokongola lachifuwa. Zimafanana ndi phokoso la baritone.

Ili ndi kamvekedwe ka cello ndipo imatha kuyimba manotsi otsika a octave yaying'ono. Ndipo mawu aamuna otsika kwambiri ndi bass profundo, omwe ndi osowa kwambiri m'chilengedwe. Nthawi zambiri, zigawo zotsika kwambiri mu kwaya zimayimbidwa ndi mabasi.

Mukamvetsera kwa oimba odziwika bwino amtundu wanu, mudzamvetsetsa mosavuta momwe mungadziwire mtundu wanu ndi mtundu.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji molondola kamvekedwe ka mawu? Mutha kuchita izi kunyumba ngati muli ndi chida choimbira. Sankhani nyimbo yomwe mumakonda ndikuyimba mu kiyi yomasuka. Iyenera kukhala yotakata kuti ikwaniritse octave imodzi ndi theka. Kenako yesani kufananiza nyimbo yake. Kodi mumamasuka kuyiimba pamlingo wotani? Kenako ikwezereni pamwamba ndi pansi.

Kodi mawu anu amamveka bwino kuti? Ili ndiye gawo lothandizira kwambiri pamayendedwe anu. Soprano idzayimba momasuka kumapeto kwa octave yachiwiri ndi pamwamba, mezzo yoyamba, ndipo contralto imamveka bwino kwambiri mu tetrachord yomaliza ya octave yaing'ono komanso yachisanu ndi chimodzi yoyamba. Iyi ndi njira yabwino yodziwira bwino kamvekedwe ka mawu anu.

Nayi njira ina, momwe mungadziwire liwu lanu lachilengedwe. Muyenera kuyimba nyimbo ya octave (mwachitsanzo, chitani - mi - la - chitani (mmwamba) chitani - mi - la (pansi), ndikuyimba m'makiyi osiyanasiyana, omwe angasiyane kwa sekondi imodzi. imatsegula mukayimba, Izi zikutanthauza kuti mtundu wake ndi soprano.

Tsopano chitani chimodzimodzi kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi. Ndi mfungulo iti yomwe mudakhala omasuka kuyimba? Kodi mawu anu ayamba kuchepa mphamvu ndikukhala osamveka? Pamene akuyenda pansi, sopranos amataya timbre pa manotsi otsika; sakumasuka kuziyimba, mosiyana ndi mezzo ndi contralto. Mwanjira imeneyi mutha kudziwa osati ma timbre a mawu anu okha, komanso malo abwino kwambiri oyimbira, ndiko kuti, kuchuluka kwa ntchito.

Sankhani nyimbo zingapo za nyimbo zomwe mumakonda mumakiyi osiyanasiyana ndikuyimba. Kumene mawu amadziwonetsera bwino ndi pamene kuli koyenera kuyimba m'tsogolomu. Chabwino, nthawi yomweyo, mudzadziwa momwe mungadziwire timbre yanu mwa kumvetsera zojambulidwa kangapo. Ndipo, ngakhale simungazindikire mawu anu mwachizoloŵezi, nthawi zina kujambula kumatha kudziwa bwino kwambiri mawu ake. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukufuna kufotokozera mawu anu ndikumvetsetsa momwe mungagwirire nawo ntchito, pitani ku studio. Zabwino zonse!