Kodi kuphunzira kuimba limba?

M'masanjidwe aliwonse okhudzana ndi vuto la kuphunzira kuyimba chida choimbira, limba ndiloyenera kukhala loyamba. Pali oimba abwino ochepa kwambiri m'dziko lathu, ndipo ndi ochepa okha omwe ali apamwamba kwambiri. Ndikoyenera kufotokozera kuti zokambiranazo tsopano za zida zamphepo, zomwe m'masiku akale zidayikidwa mu akachisi kapena nyumba zolemera. Koma ngakhale pamitundu yamakono (mwamagetsi kapena electromechanical), kuphunzira kusewera kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Ponena za momwe amaphunzirira pa chiwalo, njira yosewera ndi zina zomwe oyambitsa zamoyo ayenera kuthana nazo, zafotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi.

Mbali yaikulu ya kusewera limba ndi kuti woimba sayenera kuchita ndi manja ake pa kiyibodi Buku mizere angapo, koma nthawi yomweyo ndi mapazi ake.

M'masukulu oimba (kutali ndi onse) ndi makoleji, opanga zida zam'tsogolo amaphunzitsidwa pazigawo zing'onozing'ono zamagetsi zomwe zili ndi zolemba zonse (kiyibodi ya mizere yambiri) ndi ma pedals. Ndiko kuti, woimbayo ali ndi zida zonse zoimbira nyimbo, zofanana ndi chiwalo chachikulu, koma phokoso limapangidwa kudzera muzitsulo zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi, kapena mothandizidwa ndi magetsi.

Oyimba piyano odziwa bwino ntchito amatha kuphunzira kuimba chiwalo chapamwamba mwina kuchokera kwa oimba odziwa bwino m'matchalitchi, m'malo ochitirako konsati, m'mabwalo amasewera omwe ali ndi zida zamphamvu. Komanso m'mizinda ikuluikulu nthawi zonse padzakhala midzi ya oimba, kumene kudzakhaladi omwe angathandize oimba anzawo kudziwa chida chosangalatsa ichi.

Kukhala pansi kwa oyambitsa limba ndikofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa pali zinthu zambiri zofunika kuziganizira:

• zambiri zosavuta kuika kuseri kwa chida;
• ufulu wa zochita za manja ndi miyendo;
• kuthekera kwa Kuphunzira kwathunthu kwa kiyibodi ndi pedals;
• registry lever control.

Muyenera kukhala patali kuchokera pa kiyibodi pa benchi yosinthidwa mosamala kutalika kwake ndi mawonekedwe ena amunthu oimba. Kufika pafupi kwambiri ndi kiyibodi kudzachepetsa ufulu wa woimbayo, makamaka ndi mapazi ake, ndipo kutali kwambiri sikungamulole kuti afikire mizere yakutali ya bukhuli kapena kumukakamiza kuti awafikire, zomwe sizovomerezeka komanso zotopetsa nthawi yayitali. maphunziro a nyimbo.

Muyenera kukhala pa benchi molunjika ndi pafupifupi pakati pa dzanja kiyibodi. Mapazi amayenera kufika pamapazi, omwe ndi kiyibodi yomweyi, koma yayikulu kwambiri kuposa yamanja.

Dziwani kuti matupi alibe miyezo iliyonse. Ziwalo zamagetsi zamakono zamafakitale zokha zimatha kukhala nazo, ndipo ngakhale zili mkati mwa mtundu umodzi wamtundu wina wa wopanga. Chifukwa chake, ndikuzama kwa mapulani ophunzitsira, ndikofunikira kuti mudziwe mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida kuti mukhale okonzekera chilichonse: pakhoza kukhala zolemba zitatu, zisanu, kapena zisanu ndi ziwiri, zopondaponda sizimangirizidwanso nambala inayake, zolembera zimadalira miyeso ya chida, ndi zina zotero.

Pali zosankha zambiri, kuphatikizapo pakati pa ziwalo zakale, zomwe, mwa njira, zikumangidwabe m'makachisi akuluakulu ndi maholo oimba. M'matchalitchi osafunikira kwenikweni ndi m'malo oimba nyimbo, amayendetsa ndi zida zamagetsi, chifukwa amatsika mtengo kwambiri kuposa akale, ndipo safuna malo ambiri.

Kugwirizana kwa kayendetsedwe ka manja ndi mapazi panthawi yoimba nyimbo zamagulu kumapangidwira pang'onopang'ono - kuchokera ku phunziro kupita ku phunziro. Malingana ndi oimba okha, izi sizili zovuta makamaka ngati maphunziro odziwa bwino chidacho amatsatira pulogalamu inayake, yomwe machitidwe amasewera amamangidwa molingana ndi ndondomeko kuchokera ku zosavuta mpaka zovuta. Zomwezo zimachitika ndendende popanga masewerawo, choyamba ndi dzanja limodzi pa piyano kapena, mwachitsanzo, batani la accordion, ndiyeno ndi onse awiri nthawi imodzi. Chovuta chokhacho ndikuchita kokha pa chiwalo chosadziwika bwino, chomwe mapazi a phazi samakhala ndi kusiyana kosiyana, komanso amapangidwa mwadongosolo mosiyana (parallel kapena radial arrangement).

Kuvuta kwa ntchitoyo pogwira ntchito yogwirizanitsa zochita za manja kumakhalanso muzodabwitsa za chiwalo chomwe phokoso lachinsinsi pa kiyibodi limasowa mwamsanga litatha. Mu piyano, n’zotheka kutalikitsa phokoso la manotsi mwa kukanikiza chopondapo chakumanja, ndipo m’chiwalocho, phokoso limakhala lotseguka ngati njira imene mpweya umadutsamo ndi yotseguka. Vavu ikatsekedwa mutatha kutulutsa kiyi, phokoso limadula nthawi yomweyo. Kusewera manotsi angapo olumikizidwa (legato) kapena kuchedwetsa nthawi ya phokoso la munthu aliyense, muyenera khutu labwino kwambiri komanso luso logwirizanitsa kusewera kwa zala za munthu aliyense kuti mupange zolemba zolumikizana kapena zazitali, osachedwetsa zazifupi.

Kulumikizana kwa kumveka kwa mawu ndi kutulutsa kwawo kuyenera kukhazikitsidwa kumayambiriro kwa ulendo wa woyimba piyano. Kuti tichite izi, pamaphunziro othandiza ndi limba, nthawi zambiri munthu ayenera kutembenukira ku khutu la nyimbo la wophunzirayo, kuphunzitsa luso la kulingalira m'maganizo phokoso lililonse, ndiyeno amamveketsa phokoso lawo pa chida.

Njira yosewera ndi manja pa chiwalo ndi yofanana ndi piyanoforte, chifukwa chake ndi oimba piyano omwe nthawi zambiri amasinthira ku chiwalo kapena kuphatikiza njira ziwirizi mu ntchito yawo yoimba. Komabe, katundu wa limba zikumveka kuti nthawi yomweyo kutha pambuyo kumasula kiyi amakakamiza oimba piyano kuti adziwe angapo mwangwiro limba articulatory njira Buku kugwirizana ndi legato (ndi njira zina pafupi izo) kapena, Tikawonetsetsa, mwadzidzidzi kuimba chida.

Kuphatikiza apo, Mabuku angapo amaikanso mawonekedwe awoawo pa kaseweredwe ka organ: nthawi zambiri munthu amayenera kusewera nthawi imodzi pamizere yosiyana ya kiyibodi ya organ. Koma kwa oimba piyano odziwa bwino ntchito yotereyi ali ndi mphamvu.

Kusewera ndi mapazi anu, ndithudi, kudzakhala kwatsopano ngakhale kwa akatswiri a keyboardists, osati kwa oimba a mbali zina. Apa adzafunika kulimbikira. Oimba piyano amangodziwa ma pedals a piyano, koma chiwalo chachikulu chimatha kukhala ndi ma pedal 7 mpaka 32. Komanso, iwo eni kupanga phokoso, ndipo osati mwachindunji amaseweredwa ndi makiyi Buku (izi ndi ndendende zimene zimachitika pa limba).

Kusewera pa kiyibodi ya phazi kumatha kuchitika ndi zala zala za nsapato, kapena ndi masokosi ndi zidendene, kapena ndi zidendene zokha. Zimatengera mtundu wa chiwalo. Mwachitsanzo, pa chiwalo cha baroque, chomwe chimakhala ndi makina otchedwa block foot keyboard, sizingatheke kusewera ndi masokosi - ali ndi makiyi a mbali zonse zala za nsapato ndi zidendene. Koma ziwalo zambiri zakale, zomwe zimapezeka kudera la Alpine ku Western Europe, nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi kiyibodi yaifupi, yomwe imaseweredwa ndi masokosi okha. Mwa njira, kiyibodi yotereyi nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zamakono zamakono.

Njira zazikulu zokankha ndi:

• mosinthanasinthana kukanikiza makiyi ndi chala ndi chidendene;
• kukanikiza munthawi yomweyo makiyi awiri ndi chala ndi chidendene;
• kutembenuzira phazi kumapazi oyandikana kapena kutali kwambiri.

Kusewera chiwalocho, nsapato zapadera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimasokedwa kuyitanitsa. Koma ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito nsapato zovina ndi zidendene. Palinso oimba omwe amasewera opanda nsapato (mu masokosi).

Kuchokera pa zonse zomwe zanenedwa pamwambapa, malingaliro angapo angatengedwe kwa oyamba kumene kuphunzira kusewera chiwalocho. Zidzakhala zothandiza kwa aliyense - onse omwe amasewera piyano, ndi omwe amakhala pansi pa chiwalo chamagetsi kuyambira pachiyambi.

1. Pezani mphunzitsi wodziwa bwino yemwe ali ndi ufulu wophunzitsa chiwalocho.
2. Gulani chida kapena vomerezani za nthawi yobwereketsa m'makalasi m'malo omwe amapezeka (tchalitchi, holo yamakonsati, ndi zina zotero).
3. Musanayambe kuphunzira chidacho, muyenera kumvetsetsa bwino kapangidwe kake, njira yopezera mawu mukasindikiza makiyi, ndi ntchito zomwe zilipo.
4. Musanayambe kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, onetsetsani kuti chidacho chili chomasuka komanso choyenera posintha benchi.
5. Kuphatikiza pa mphunzitsi, pakuphunzitsa ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mabuku ophunzirira oyambitsa oyambitsa.
6. Muyenera kukulitsa khutu lanu loyimba nthawi zonse ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi apadera, kuphatikiza kusewera ndi kuyimba masikelo osiyanasiyana.
7. Onetsetsani kuti mukumvera nyimbo zamagulu (makonsati, ma CD, makanema, intaneti).

Chinthu chachikulu chomwe mukufunikira kuti muphunzire bwino chidacho ndikuchita tsiku ndi tsiku. Timafunikira zolemba zanyimbo za chiwalo, komanso kwa oyamba kumene - zolimbitsa thupi zoyambira ndi masewero osavuta. M'pofunikanso "kupatsirana" ndi chikondi champhamvu cha nyimbo za limba.

Zitsanzo za organ: