Mattia Battistini (Mattia Battistini) |

Mattia Battistini

Woimba komanso wotsutsa nyimbo S.Yu. Levik anali ndi mwayi wowona ndi kumva woyimba waku Italy:

"Battistini anali wolemera kwambiri, zomwe zidapitilirabe kumveka atasiya kuyimba. Waona kuti woimbayo anatseka pakamwa pake, ndipo mawu ena ankakusungabe m’mphamvu zake. Liwu lochititsa chidwi ndi lochititsa chidwi limeneli linali kusisita mosalekeza womvetserayo, ngati kuti akumuphimba ndi chifundo.

Mawu a Battistini anali amtundu wina, wapadera pakati pa ma baritones. Linali ndi chilichonse chosonyeza kumveka bwino kwa mawu: awiri odzaza, okhala ndi ma octave omveka bwino, amamveka osalala ofanana mumitundu yonse, yosinthika, yoyenda, yodzaza ndi mphamvu zabwino komanso kutentha kwamkati. Ngati mukuganiza kuti mphunzitsi wake womaliza Cotogni analakwitsa "kupanga" Battistini kukhala baritone osati tenor, ndiye kuti cholakwika ichi chinali chosangalatsa. Baritone, monga adaseka nthawiyo, adakhala "zana ndi zina zambiri." Saint-Saëns adanenapo kuti nyimbo ziyenera kukhala ndi chithumwa mwazokha. Liwu la Battistini linanyamula mwalokha phompho la chithumwa: inali nyimbo yokha.

Mattia Battistini anabadwira ku Roma pa February 27, 1856. Mwana wa makolo olemekezeka, Battistini adalandira maphunziro abwino kwambiri. Poyamba, adatsata mapazi a abambo ake ndipo adamaliza maphunziro awo ku yunivesite ya Rome. Komabe, pobwera m'chaka kuchokera ku Roma kupita ku Rieti, Mattia sanasokoneze ubongo wake pa mabuku okhudza malamulo, koma ankaimba.

“Posakhalitsa, mosasamala kanthu za kutsutsa kwa makolo ake,” akulemba motero Francesco Palmeggiani, “anasiyiratu maphunziro ake a payunivesite ndi kudzipereka kotheratu ku luso la zaluso. Maestro Veneslao Persichini ndi Eugenio Terziani, aphunzitsi odziwa bwino komanso achangu, adayamikira luso lapadera la Battistini, adamukonda ndipo adayesetsa kuchita zonse zotheka kuti akwaniritse cholinga chake mwamsanga. Anali Persichini yemwe adamupatsa mawu mu kaundula wa baritone. Izi zisanachitike, Battistini adayimba mu tenor.

Ndipo zidachitika kuti Battistini, atakhala membala wa Roman Royal Academic Philharmonic, mu 1877 anali m'gulu la oimba otsogola omwe adachita oratorio ya Mendelssohn "Paul" motsogozedwa ndi Ettore Pinelli, ndipo kenako oratorio "The Four Seasons" - imodzi mwa ntchito zabwino kwambiri za Haydn.

Mu Ogasiti 1878, Battistini pamapeto pake adapeza chisangalalo chachikulu: adachita kwa nthawi yoyamba ngati woimba yekha m'tchalitchi chachikulu pamwambo waukulu wachipembedzo wolemekeza Madonna del Assunta, womwe wakhala ukukondwerera ku Rieti kuyambira kalekale.

Battistini anaimba nyimbo zingapo mogometsa. Mmodzi wa iwo, wolembedwa ndi wolemba Stame, wotchedwa "O Salutaris Ostia!" Battistini adakondana kwambiri kotero kuti pambuyo pake adayimba ngakhale kunja, pa ntchito yake yopambana.

Pa December 11, 1878, woimbayo anabatizidwa pa siteji ya zisudzo. Apanso mawu a Palmejani:

Opera ya Donizetti The Favorite inachitikira ku Teatro Argentina ku Rome. Boccacci wina, wovala nsapato zapamwamba m'mbuyomu, yemwe adaganiza zosintha luso lake kuti agwire ntchito yabwino kwambiri ya zisudzo za impresario, anali kuyang'anira chilichonse. Pafupifupi nthawi zonse ankachita bwino, chifukwa anali ndi khutu lokwanira kupanga chisankho choyenera pakati pa oimba ndi otsogolera otchuka.

Komabe, nthawi ino, ngakhale kutenga nawo mbali kwa soprano wotchuka Isabella Galletti, mmodzi mwa ochita bwino kwambiri pa udindo wa Leonora mu The Favorite, ndi Tenor wotchuka Rosseti, nyengoyi inayamba molakwika. Ndipo chifukwa chakuti anthu adakana kale ma baritones awiriwo.

Boccacci ankadziwa bwino Battistini - nthawi ina adadziwonetsa yekha kwa iye - ndiyeno wanzeru komanso, chofunika kwambiri, lingaliro lolimba mtima linamuchitikira. Chiwonetsero chamadzulo chinali chitalengezedwa kale pamene adalamula anthu kuti adziwe kuti baritone, yemwe adakhala chete dzulo lake ali chete, akudwala. Iye mwini adabweretsa Battistini wamng'ono kwa wotsogolera Maestro Luigi Mancinelli.

Katswiriyu anamvetsera kwa Battistini pa piyano, kutanthauza kuti ayimbe nyimboyi kuchokera ku Act III "A tanto amor", ndipo adadabwa kwambiri. Koma asanavomereze kuti alowe m'malo mwake, adaganiza kuti akambirane ndi Galletti - pambuyo pake, ayenera kuyimba pamodzi. Pamaso pa woimba wotchuka, Battistini anali wotayika kwathunthu ndipo sanayese kuyimba. Koma Maestro Mancinelli adamunyengerera kuti pamapeto pake ayesetse kutsegula pakamwa pake ndikuyesera kuchita duet ndi Galletti.

Pambuyo pa mipiringidzo yoyamba, Galletti adatsegula maso ake ndikuyang'ana modabwa Maestro Mancinelli. Battistini, yemwe anali kumuyang'ana kuchokera pakona ya diso lake, adakondwera ndipo, kubisala mantha onse, molimba mtima adabweretsa duet kumapeto.

"Ndinamva ngati ndili ndi mapiko akula!" - Pambuyo pake adanena, pofotokoza gawo losangalatsali. Galletti anamvetsera kwa iye ndi chidwi chachikulu ndi chidwi, pozindikira tsatanetsatane, ndipo pamapeto pake sakanachitira mwina koma kukumbatira Battistini. Iye anati: “Ndinkaganiza kuti kutsogolo kwanga kunali munthu wamanyazi woimba nyimbo ndipo mwadzidzidzi ndinaona katswiri wodziwa ntchito yake bwinobwino!”

Maseŵerawo atatha, Galletti anauza Battistini mosangalala kuti: “Ndidzaimba nanu mosangalala kwambiri!”

Chifukwa chake Battistini adayamba kukhala Mfumu Alfonso XI waku Castile. Pambuyo pa seweroli, Mattia adadabwa ndi kupambana kosayembekezereka. Galletti anam’kankhira kuseri kwa makataniwo ndi kufuula pambuyo pake kuti: “Tuluka! Kwerani siteji! Amakuyamikani!” Woimbayo wachinyamatayo anali wokondwa komanso wosokonezeka kwambiri moti, pofuna kuthokoza omvera omwe anali okwiya, monga momwe Fracassini amakumbukira, anavula mutu wake wachifumu ndi manja ake onse!

Ndi mawu otere komanso luso lomwe Battistini anali nalo, sakanatha kukhala nthawi yayitali ku Italy, ndipo woimbayo amachoka kudziko lakwawo atangoyamba kumene ntchito yake. Battistini anaimba ku Russia kwa nyengo makumi awiri ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi zotsatizana, mosalekeza kuyambira 1888 mpaka 1914. Anayenderanso Spain, Austria, Germany, Scandinavia, England, Belgium, Holland. Ndipo kulikonse adatsagana ndi kusilira ndi matamando ochokera kwa otsutsa otchuka a ku Europe, omwe adamupatsa mphotho ndi mawu okoma mtima, monga: "Maestro a maestro onse a Italy bel canto", "Living perfection", "Vocal miracle", "King of baritones". ” ndi mayina ena ambiri ochititsa chidwi kwambiri!

Kamodzi Battistini anapita ku South America. Mu July-August 1889, anayenda ulendo wautali ku Argentina, Brazil ndi Uruguay. Pambuyo pake, woimbayo anakana kupita ku America: kusuntha panyanja kunabweretsa mavuto ambiri. Komanso, anadwala kwambiri ku South America ndi yellow fever. Battistini anati: “Ndikhoza kukwera phiri lalitali kwambiri, ndimatha kutsikira m’mimba mwa dziko lapansi, koma sindidzabwereza ulendo wautali wapanyanja!”

Russia nthawi zonse yakhala imodzi mwamayiko omwe amakonda kwambiri Battistini. Anakumana kumeneko wokangalika kwambiri, wokondwa, wina anganene kulandiridwa movutikira. Woimbayo ankakonda kunena mwanthabwala kuti "Russia sinakhale dziko lozizira kwa iye." Mnzake wapafupi wa Battistini ku Russia ndi Sigrid Arnoldson, yemwe ankatchedwa "Swedish nightingale." Kwa zaka zambiri adayimbanso ndi Adelina Patti, Isabella Galletti, Marcella Sembrich, Olimpia Boronat, Luisa Tetrazzini, Giannina Russ, Juanita Capella, Gemma Bellinchoni ndi Lina Cavalieri. Mwa oimba, bwenzi lake lapamtima Antonio Cotogni, komanso Francesco Marconi, Giuliano Gaillard, Francesco Tamagno, Angelo Masini, Roberto Stagno, Enrico Caruso nthawi zambiri ankachita naye.

Koposa kamodzi woimba wa ku Poland J. Wajda-Korolevich anaimba ndi Battistini; Izi ndi zomwe amakumbukira:

“Anali woyimba kwambiri. Sindinamvepo mawu ofewa chotere m'moyo wanga. Anayimba momasuka kwambiri, akusunga m'kaundula zonse chithumwa chamatsenga cha timbre yake, nthawi zonse ankaimba mofanana komanso nthawi zonse bwino - sakanatha kuyimba moyipa. Muyenera kubadwa ndi kutulutsa kotereku, kutulutsa mawu kotereku komanso kumveka kwa phokoso lamtundu wonse sikungatheke ndi maphunziro aliwonse!

Monga Figaro mu The Barber of Seville, anali wosayerekezeka. Aria woyamba, wovuta kwambiri pankhani ya mawu ndi liwiro la matchulidwe, adachita ndikumwetulira komanso momasuka kotero kuti adawoneka ngati akuimba mwanthabwala. Iye ankadziwa mbali zonse za opera, ndipo ngati mmodzi wa ojambulawo anachedwa ndi kubwereza, ankamuyimbira. Iye ankatumikira wometa wake ndi nthabwala zachinyengo - zinkawoneka kuti anali kusangalala yekha ndipo chifukwa cha zokondweretsa iye anali kupanga zikwi zikwi zaphokoso zodabwitsazi.

Iye anali wokongola kwambiri - wamtali, womangidwa modabwitsa, ndi kumwetulira kokongola ndi maso aakulu akuda a kummwera. Izi, ndithudi, zinathandizanso kuti apambane.

Analinso wopambana mu Don Giovanni (ndinayimba naye Zerlina). Battistini nthawi zonse anali wosangalala, akuseka komanso kuseka. Iye ankakonda kuimba nane, kuyamikira mawu anga. Ndimasungabe chithunzi chake cholembedwa kuti: “Alia piu bella voce sul mondo”.

Pa nthawi ina yachipambano ku Moscow, mu August 1912, pa sewero la "Rigoletto", omvera ambiri adatenthedwa kwambiri, okwiya kwambiri ndipo adayitana kuti Battistini abwereze - ndipo izi sizikukokomeza. - opera yonse kuyambira pachiyambi mpaka kumapeto. Chiwonetserocho, chomwe chinayamba XNUMX koloko madzulo, chinatha XNUMX koloko m’maŵa basi!

Kulemekezeka kunali chizolowezi kwa Battistini. Gino Monaldi, katswiri wa mbiri ya zaluso, anati: “Ndinasaina pangano ndi Battistini ponena za kupanga kwakukulu kwa opera ya Verdi yotchedwa Simon Boccanegra ku Costanzi Theatre ku Rome. Osewera akale amamukumbukira bwino. Zinthu sizinandiyendere bwino, kotero kuti m'mawa wa sewerolo ndinalibe ndalama zolipirira oimba ndi Battistini mwiniwake madzulo. Ndinabwera kwa woyimbayo mosokonezeka kwambiri ndipo ndinayamba kupepesa chifukwa cha kulephera kwanga. Koma kenako Battistini anabwera kwa ine n’kunena kuti: “Ngati zili choncho, ndiye kuti ndikulimbikitsani mwamsanga. Mukufuna zingati?" “Ndiyenera kulipira oimba, ndipo ndili ndi ngongole kwa inu ma lire mazana khumi ndi asanu. Malire zikwi zisanu ndi mazana asanu okha. “Chabwino,” iye anatero, akundigwira chanza, “awa pali malire zikwi zinayi a okhestra. Koma ndalama zanga uzibweza ukadzakwanitsa. Ndi momwe Battistini analili!

Mpaka 1925, Battistini anaimba pa siteji ya nyumba yaikulu ya zisudzo padziko lonse. Kuyambira 1926, ndiko kuti, ali ndi zaka XNUMX, makamaka anayamba kuimba m'makonsati. Iye adakali ndi kutsitsimuka kwa mawu komweko, chidaliro chomwecho, kukoma mtima ndi mzimu wowolowa manja, komanso moyo ndi kupepuka. Omvera ku Vienna, Berlin, Munich, Stockholm, London, Bucharest, Paris ndi Prague akhoza kukhulupirira izi.

M'zaka za m'ma 20, woimbayo anali ndi zizindikiro zoyamba za matenda oyamba, koma Battistini, molimba mtima kwambiri, adayankha mwamphamvu kwa madokotala omwe adawalangiza kuti asiye konsatiyi: "Ambuye anga, ndili ndi njira ziwiri zokha - kuyimba. kapena kufa! Ndikufuna kuyimba!"

Ndipo anapitiriza kuyimba modabwitsa, ndipo soprano Arnoldson ndi dokotala anali atakhala pa mipando pafupi ndi siteji, okonzeka nthawi yomweyo, ngati n'koyenera, kupereka jekeseni wa morphine.

Pa October 17, 1927, Battistini anachita konsati yake yomaliza ku Graz. Ludwig Prien, wotsogolera nyumba ya zisudzo ku Graz, anakumbukira kuti: “Pobwerera kuseri kwa siteji, anadzandima, moti analephera kuima. Koma holoyo itamuyitana, adatulukanso kukayankha moni, adawongoka, adasonkhanitsa mphamvu zake zonse ndikutuluka mobwerezabwereza ... "

Pasanathe chaka chimodzi, pa November 7, 1928, Battistini anamwalira.