Alexander Iosifovich Baturin |

Alexander Baturin

Kumene anabadwira Aleksandr Iosifovich ndi tauni ya Oshmyany, pafupi Vilnius (Lithuania). Woyimba wamtsogolo adachokera kubanja la mphunzitsi wakumidzi. Bambo ake anamwalira pamene Baturin anali ndi chaka chimodzi chokha. M'manja mwa amayi, kuwonjezera pa Sasha wamng'ono, panali ana ena atatu, ndipo moyo wa banja unali wosowa kwambiri. Mu 1911, banja Baturin anasamukira ku Odessa, kumene patapita zaka zingapo woimba tsogolo analowa maphunziro auto umakaniko. Pofuna kuthandiza amayi ake, amayamba kugwira ntchito m’galaja ndipo amayendetsa magalimoto ali ndi zaka khumi ndi zisanu. Akuthamanga pa injini, dalaivala wachinyamatayo ankakonda kuimba. Tsiku lina, anaona kuti anzake akuntchito atamuzungulira, akumvetsera mwachidwi mawu ake aang’ono okongola. Pa kuumirira kwa abwenzi, Alexander Iosifovich amachita madzulo ankachita masewera m'galimoto yake. Kupambana kunakhala kofunika kwambiri kotero kuti oimba odziwa bwino anaitanidwa usiku wotsatira, omwe adayamikira kwambiri AI Baturin. Kuchokera ku mgwirizano wa ogwira ntchito zoyendera, woimba wam'tsogolo amatumizidwa kukaphunzira ku Petrograd Conservatory.

Atamvetsera kuimba kwa Baturin, Alexander Konstantinovich Glazunov, yemwe panthawiyo anali rector wa Conservatory, ananena kuti: "Baturin ali ndi kukongola kwakukulu, mphamvu ndi mawu a mawu ofunda ndi olemera ... woimba anavomereza kalasi ya Professor I. Tartakov. Baturin anaphunzira bwino panthaŵiyo ndipo analandira maphunziro kwa iwo. Borodin. Mu 1924, Baturin anamaliza maphunziro aulemu ku Petrograd Conservatory. Pa mayeso omaliza, AK Glazunov analemba kuti: “Mawu abwino kwambiri a timbre okongola, amphamvu komanso otsekemera. Waluso kwambiri. Mawu omveka bwino. Chidziwitso cha pulasitiki. 5+ (kuphatikiza zisanu). People's Commissar for Education, atazolowera kuwunika uku kwa wopeka wotchuka, amatumiza woimbayo ku Roma kuti apite patsogolo. Kumeneko, Alexander Iosifovich adalowa ku Santa Cecilia Academy of Music, komwe adaphunzira motsogoleredwa ndi Mattia Battistini wotchuka. Ku La Scala ku Milan, woimbayo wachinyamata amaimba mbali za Don Basilio ndi Philip II ku Don Carlos, ndiyeno amaimba nyimbo za Bastien ndi Bastienne ndi Mozart ndi Gluck's Knees. Baturin adayenderanso mizinda ina yaku Italy, akugwira nawo ntchito ya Verdi's Requiem (Palermo), akuchita nawo ma concerts a symphony. Nditamaliza maphunziro a Academy of Rome, woimba amayenda ulendo wa ku Ulaya, kuyendera France, Belgium ndi Germany, kenako anabwerera kwawo ndipo mu 1927 analembedwa soloist pa Bolshoi Theatre.

Ntchito yake yoyamba ku Moscow inali ngati Melnik (Mermaid). Kuyambira pamenepo, Alexander Iosifovich wachita maudindo ambiri pa siteji ya Bolshoi. Amayimba mbali zonse za bass ndi baritone, chifukwa mawu ake ndi ochuluka kwambiri ndipo amamuthandiza kupirira mbali za Prince Igor ndi Gremin, Escamillo ndi Ruslan, Demon ndi Mephistopheles. Kusiyanasiyana kotereku kunali chifukwa cha khama la woimbayo popanga mawu ake. Zoonadi, sukulu yabwino kwambiri ya mawu yomwe Baturin adadutsamo, luso lomwe adapeza pogwiritsa ntchito zolembera zamawu zosiyanasiyana, komanso kuphunzira njira za sayansi yomveka. Woimbayo amagwira ntchito mozama kwambiri pazithunzi za classics Russian opera. Omvera ndi otsutsa makamaka amawona zithunzi zomwe zinapangidwa ndi wojambula wa Pimen ku Boris Godunov, Dosifei ku Khovanshchina, Tomsky mu The Queen of Spades.

Ndi kumverera ofunda, dzina lake Aleksandr Iosifovich anakumbukira NS Golovanov, amene anakonza mbali ya Prince Igor, Pimen, Ruslan ndi Tomsky. Kupanga kwa woimbayo kunakulitsidwa chifukwa chodziwana ndi nthano zaku Russia. AI Baturin adayimba mwamtima nyimbo zachi Russia. Monga otsutsa a zaka zimenezo anati: "Hei, tiyeni titsike" ndi "Pafupi ndi Piterskaya" ndi opambana makamaka ... "Pa Great kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo, pamene Bolshoi Theatre anasamutsidwa Kuibyshev (Samara), kupanga opera ndi. J. Rossini "William Tell". Alexander Iosifovich, amene anachita udindo udindo, analankhula za ntchito imeneyi motere: "Ndinkafuna kulenga chithunzi cha munthu wolimba mtima womenya opondereza anthu ake, motentheka kuteteza dziko lakwawo. Ndinaphunzira nkhaniyi kwa nthawi yaitali, ndikuyesera kumva mzimu wa nthawiyo kuti ndijambule chithunzi chenicheni cha ngwazi yolemekezeka. Ndithudi, ntchito yolingalira bwino yabala zipatso.

Baturin ankakonda kwambiri kugwira ntchito pamasewero akuluakulu a chipinda. Mwachidwi, woimbayo adachita ntchito za olemba amakono. Anakhala woimba woyamba wa mafilimu asanu ndi limodzi operekedwa kwa iye DD Shostakovich. AI Baturin nawonso adatenga nawo mbali pamakonsati a symphony. Zina mwa zopambana za woimbayo, anthu a m'nthawi yake adanena kuti amaimba nyimbo payekha mu Ninth Symphony ya Beethoven ndi symphony-cantata ya Shaporin "Pa Field Kulikovo". Alexander Iosifovich nayenso nyenyezi mafilimu atatu: "A Simple Case", "Concert Waltz" ndi "Earth".

Nkhondo itatha, AI Baturin anaphunzitsa kalasi yoimba payekha ku Moscow Conservatory (N. Gyaurov anali mmodzi mwa ophunzira ake). Anakonzanso ntchito ya sayansi ndi methodological "School of Singing", yomwe adafuna kukonza zochitika zake zolemera ndikufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane njira zophunzitsira kuimba. Ndi kutenga nawo gawo, filimu yapadera idapangidwa, momwe nkhani za chiphunzitso cha mawu ndi machitidwe zimafotokozedwa mofala. Kwa nthawi yayitali ku Bolshoi Theatre, Baturin amagwira ntchito ngati mphunzitsi wothandizira.

Zithunzi za AI Baturin:

1. The Queen of Spades, kujambula koyamba kwa opera mu 1937, udindo wa Tomsky, kwaya ndi oimba a Bolshoi Theatre, wotsogolera - SA Samosud, pamodzi ndi K. Derzhinskaya, N. Khanaev, N. Obukhova, P. Selivanov, F. Petrova ndi ena. (Pakadali pano chojambulirachi chatulutsidwa kutsidya kwa nyanja pa CD)

2. The Queen of Spades, wachiwiri wathunthu kujambula kwa opera, 1939, mbali ya Tomsky, kwaya ndi oimba a Bolshoi Theatre, wochititsa - SA Samosud, mu gulu ndi K. Derzhinskaya, N. Khanaev, M. Maksakova, P. Nortsov, B. Zlatogorova ndi etc. (Zojambulazi zatulutsidwanso kunja kwa CD)

3. "Iolanta", wolemba woyamba wathunthu wa zisudzo 1940, mbali ya dokotala Ebn-Khakiya, kwaya ndi oimba a Bolshoi Theatre, wochititsa - SA Samosud, pamodzi ndi G. Zhukovskaya, A. Bolshakov, P. Nortsov. , B. Bugaisky, V. Levina ndi ena. (Nthawi yomaliza kujambula uku kudatulutsidwa pa zolemba za Melodiya zinali mu 1983)

4. "Prince Igor", kujambula komaliza kwa 1941, gawo la Prince Igor, kwaya ndi oimba a State Opera House, wotsogolera - A. Sh. Melik-Pashaev, pamodzi ndi S. Panovoy, N. Obukhovoi, I. Kozlovsky, M. Mikhailov, A. Pirogov ndi ena. (Pakadali pano chojambulirachi chatulutsidwanso pa CD ku Russia ndi kunja)

5. "Alexander Baturin akuimba" (mbiri ya galamafoni ndi kampani ya Melodiya). Arias kuchokera ku zisudzo "Prince Igor", "Iolanta", "Mfumukazi ya Spades" (zidutswa za nyimbo zonse za opera izi), Kochubey's arioso ("Mazeppa"), Escamillo's couplets ("Carmen"), couplets Mephistopheles (" Faust"), "Field War" ndi Gurilev, "Flea" ndi Mussorgsky, nyimbo ziwiri za anthu aku Russia: "Ah, Nastasya", "Along the Piterskaya".