Natan Grigorievich Rakhlin (Natan Rakhlin).

Nathan Rakhlin

People's Artist of the USSR (1948), Laureate wa Stalin Prize wa digiri yachiwiri (1952). “Tsiku lina madzulo ndinapita ndi anzanga ku dimba la mzinda. Kyiv Opera Orchestra inali kusewera mu sinki. Kwa nthaŵi yoyamba m’moyo wanga ndinamva kulira kwa gulu la oimba, ndinaona zida zoimbira zimene sindinakayikire n’komwe kuti zinalipo. Pamene “Preludes” ya Liszt inayamba kuyimba ndipo nyanga ya Chifalansa inayamba payekha, ndinaona ngati nthaka ikutsetsereka kuchokera pansi pa mapazi anga. Mwinamwake, kuyambira nthawi imeneyo ndinayamba kulota za ntchito ya wochititsa symphony orchestra.

Rachlin panthawiyo anali ndi zaka khumi ndi zisanu. Pa nthawiyi ankatha kudziona kuti ndi woimba. M'tawuni yakwawo ya Snovsk, m'chigawo cha Chernihiv, adayamba "ntchito yake ya konsati", akusewera violin m'mafilimu, ndipo ali ndi zaka khumi ndi zitatu adakhala woyimba lipenga mu gulu la G. Kotovsky. Ndiye woimba wamng'ono anali membala wa gulu mkuwa wa Apamwamba Military School mu Kiev. Mu 1923 anatumizidwa ku Kyiv Conservatory kuti akaphunzire kuimba violin. Pakalipano, maloto otsogolera sanamusiye Rakhlin, ndipo tsopano akuphunzira kale ku dipatimenti yotsogolera ya Lysenko Music and Drama Institute motsogoleredwa ndi V. Berdyaev ndi A. Orlov.

Nditamaliza maphunziro a Institute (1930), Rakhlin ntchito ndi Kyiv ndi Kharkov oimba wailesi, ndi Donetsk Symphony Orchestra (1928-1937), ndipo mu 1937 anakhala mutu wa Chiyukireniya SSR Symphony Orchestra.

Pampikisano wa All-Union (1938), iye, pamodzi ndi A. Melik-Pashayev, adalandira mphoto yachiwiri. Posakhalitsa, Rakhlin adakwezedwa kukhala otsogolera akuluakulu a Soviet. Pa Nkhondo Yaikulu Yosonyeza kukonda dziko lako, iye anatsogolera State Symphony Orchestra wa USSR (1941-1944), ndipo pambuyo kumasulidwa kwa Ukraine, iye anatsogolera oimba Republican kwa zaka makumi awiri. Pomaliza, mu 1966-1967 Rakhlin anakonza ndi kutsogolera Kazan Symphony Orchestra.

Nthawi yonseyi kondakitala anapereka zoimbaimba ambiri m'dziko lathu ndi kunja. Kusewera kulikonse kwa Rakhlin kumabweretsa zopeka zosangalatsa komanso zowoneka bwino kwa okonda nyimbo. Chifukwa Rakhlin, atapeza kale kuzindikirika konsekonse, mosatopa akupitiriza kufufuza kwake, kupeza mayankho atsopano mu ntchito zomwe wakhala akuchita kwa zaka zambiri.

Wodziwika bwino wa cellist wa ku Soviet G. Tsomyk, yemwe mobwerezabwereza adatenga nawo mbali pamakonsati a kondakitala, akuwonetsa chithunzi cha wojambulayo: "Rakhlin amatha kutchedwa wokonda kukonzanso. Zomwe zidapezeka pakubwereza ndikujambula kwa Rakhlin. Kondakitala amaphukadi maluwa pa konsati. Kudzoza kwa wojambula wamkulu kumamupatsa mitundu yatsopano ndi yatsopano, nthawi zina zosayembekezereka osati kwa oimba a orchestra okha, komanso kwa wotsogolera yekha. Mu ndondomeko ya machitidwe, zomwe zapezazi zidakonzedwa panthawi yobwereza. Koma chithumwa chawo chapadera chili mu “pang’ono” amene amabadwa m’ntchito yogwirizana ya wotsogolera ndi oimba pano, m’holo, pamaso pa omvetsera.

Rakhlin ndi womasulira wabwino kwambiri wa ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Koma ngakhale pakati pawo, kuwerenga kwake kwa Passacaglia ndi Bach-Gedicke, Beethoven's Ninth Symphony, Berlioz's Fantastic Symphony, ndakatulo za symphonic za Liszt ndi R. Strauss, Sixth Symphony, Manfred, Francesca da Rimini ndi Tchaikovsky zimaonekera. Amaphatikizapo nthawi zonse m'mapulogalamu ake ndi ntchito za olemba Soviet - N. Myaskovsky, R. Glier, Y. Shaporin, D. Shostakovich (buku loyamba la Eleventh Symphony), D. Kabalevsky, T. Khrennikov, V. Muradeli, Y. Ivanov ndi ena.

Monga wotsogolera wamkulu wa Chiyukireniya Symphony Orchestra, Rakhlin adachita zambiri kuti adziwitse luso la olemba nyimbo za Republic. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, adapereka kwa omvera ntchito za olemba otchuka - B. Lyatoshinsky, K. Dankevich, G. Maiboroda, V. Gomolyaka, G. Taranov, komanso olemba achinyamata. Mfundo yomaliza inanenedwa ndi D. Shostakovich: "Ife, oimba a Soviet, timakondwera kwambiri ndi khalidwe lachikondi la N. Rakhlin kwa oyambitsa nyimbo achichepere, ambiri a iwo analandira moyamikira ndikupitirizabe kuvomereza uphungu wake wamtengo wapatali pamene akugwira ntchito pa nyimbo za symphonic."

Ntchito yophunzitsa ya Pulofesa N. Rakhlin ikugwirizana ndi Kyiv Conservatory. Kumeneko anaphunzitsa makondakitala ambiri a ku Ukraine.

Lit.: G. Yudin. Makondakitala aku Ukraine. "SM", 1951, No. 8; M. Goosebumps. Nathan Rahlin. "SM", 1956, No. 5.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, 1969