Fani |

italo. fanfare, German Fanfare, French ndi English. fani

1) Nyimbo zamphepo zamkuwa. chida. Mtundu wa chitoliro chokhala ndi sikelo yopapatiza yopanda mavavu. Kukula kwachilengedwe (kuchokera pa 3 mpaka 12 phokoso lachilengedwe). Amapangidwa muzomanga zosiyanasiyana. Masiku ano nyimbo mchitidwe ntchito preim. F. mu Es (gawolo lalembedwa gawo laling'ono lachitatu pansi pa phokoso lenileni). Zimakhudza Ch. ayi. kupereka zizindikiro. Mtundu wapadera wa F. unapangidwa pa malangizo a G. Verdi pa positi. opera "Aida" (analandira dzina "Lipenga la Aigupto", "lipenga la Aida"). Lipenga ili (utali pafupifupi 1,5 m), lokhala ndi mawu amphamvu ndi owala, linapangidwa mu C., B., H, As, ndipo linali ndi valavu imodzi yomwe imatsitsa kamvekedwe.

2) Chizindikiro cha lipenga la zikondwerero. kapena makamu. khalidwe. Kawirikawiri zimakhala ndi phokoso la triad yaikulu, yomwe imatha kusewera pa chilengedwe (popanda ma valve) mizimu yamkuwa. zida. Mu zigoli 2. F. amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri otchedwa. nyanga imasuntha (onani nyanga ya French). Mitu ya ziwonetsero nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu nyimbo. ntchito zamitundu yosiyanasiyana - masewero, ma symphonies, maulendo, ndi zina zotero. Chimodzi mwa zitsanzo zoyambirira - F. kuchokera ku 5 yodziimira. Zina mwazotengera za opera "Orfeo" ndi Monteverdi (1607). Lipenga F. linaphatikizidwa mu ma overtures "Leonore" No. 2 (mu mawonekedwe owonjezera) ndi "Leonore" No. 3 (mwachidule chofotokozera), komanso mu Fidelio Overture ya Beethoven.

L. Beethoven. "Fidelio".

Mitu yamasewera idagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu Chirasha. olemba ("Italian Capriccio" ndi Tchaikovsky), amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu akadzidzi. nyimbo (opera "Amayi" ndi Khrennikov, "Festive Overture" ndi Shostakovich, "Pathetic Oratorio" ndi Sviridov, chikondwerero cha "Symphonic Fanfare" ndi Shchedrin, etc.). F. amalengedwa ndi mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono odziimira. zidutswa zomwe zimapangidwira kuti zigwire ntchito mu decomp. zikondwerero. milandu. Mu orc. ma suites a m'zaka za zana la 18 pali mbali zazifupi komanso zaphokoso zotchedwa F. ndi kubwereza mofulumira kwa nyimbo. M’nthano, mawu oti “nyimbo zanyimbo” amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyerekezera ndi nyimbo za anthu ena (mwachitsanzo, Amwenye, komanso A Pygmies a ku Africa ndi Aaborijini a ku Australia), momwe nthawi zambiri zimayendera - magawo atatu, quarts ndi yachisanu, komanso kwa omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana amitundu ya nyimbo ku Europe. anthu (kuphatikizapo yodel). Zizindikiro zamatsenga zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita zimasonkhanitsidwa m'magulu angapo. zosonkhanitsira, zoyambilira zomwe zili m'zaka za zana la 17.

Zothandizira: Rogal-Levitsky D., Modern Orchestra, vol. 1, M., 1953, p. 165-69; Rozenberg A., Nyimbo zamasewera osaka nyama ku Russia m'zaka za m'ma XVIII, m'buku: Miyambo ya chikhalidwe cha nyimbo za ku Russia za m'zaka za m'ma XVIII, M., 1975; Modr A., ​​Zida Zanyimbo, M., 1959.

AA Rosenberg