Oda Abramovna Slobodskaya |

Oda Slobodskaya

Pali nkhani pamene mawu akuti "m'badwo wofanana ndi October" samveka ngati sitampu wandiweyani ndi theka laiwalika nthawi ya Soviet, koma amatenga tanthauzo lapadera. Zonse zidayamba chonchi...

“Nditavala mkanjo wolemera wa porphyry, ndi ndodo m’manja mwanga, ndi korona wa Mfumu Philip ya ku Spain pamutu panga, ndikuchoka ku tchalitchichi kupita ku bwalo ... kuwombera mwadzidzidzi kumveka. Monga mfumu yosatsutsika, ndimvera mwaukali; kodi uku ndiko kubwezera? Kuwombera kumabwerezedwa. Nditakwera masitepe a tchalitchichi, ndikuona kuti anthu akunjenjemera. Kuwombera kwachitatu ndi chachinayi - chimodzi pambuyo pa chimzake. Malo anga mulibe. Oimba makwaya ndi owonjezerawo anasuntha m'mapiko ndipo, poiwala anthu ampatuko, anayamba kukambirana mokweza kuti athamangire njira yoti athamangire ... Patadutsa mphindi imodzi, anthu adathamangira kumbuyo ndipo adanena kuti zipolopolozo zikuwulukira kwina ndipo palibe choopera. Tinakhala pa siteji ndikupitiriza kuchita. Omvera anatsalira m’holoyo, osadziwanso njira yoti athamangire, motero anaganiza zokhala chete.

Chifukwa chiyani mfuti? tidawafunsa atumiki. - Ndipo izi, mukuwona, sitima yapamadzi "Aurora" ikuphulitsa Winter Palace, momwe Boma Lokhazikika limakumana ...

Chidutswa chodziwika bwino chochokera m'mabuku a Chaliapin "Mask ndi Soul" chimadziwika kwa aliyense. Si kudziwika kuti pa tsiku losaiwalika October 25 (November 7) 1917 kuwonekera koyamba kugulu pa siteji opera wa osadziwika wamng'ono woimba Oda Slobodskaya amene anachita mbali ya Elizabeth.

Ndi matalente angati odabwitsa a ku Russia, kuphatikizapo oimba, adakakamizika kusiya dziko lawo pambuyo pa kuukira kwa Bolshevik pazifukwa zina. Mavuto a moyo wa Soviet anali osapiririka kwa ambiri. Ena mwa iwo ndi Slobodskaya.

Woimbayo anabadwira ku Vilna pa November 28, 1895. Anaphunzira pa Conservatory ya St. Akadali wophunzira, adasewera mu symphony ya 9 ya Beethoven yoyendetsedwa ndi Sergei Koussevitzky.

Pambuyo bwino kuwonekera koyamba kugulu, wojambula wamng'ono anapitiriza kuchita pa People's House, ndipo posakhalitsa anaonekera pa siteji ya Mariinsky Theatre, kumene iye kuwonekera koyamba kugulu ake monga Lisa (mwa maudindo ena m'zaka zimenezo anali Masha mu Dubrovsky, Fevronia, Margarita. Mfumukazi ya Shemakhan, Elena ku Mephistopheles). ). Komabe, kutchuka kwenikweni anabwera Slobodskaya kokha kunja, kumene iye anachoka mu 1921.

Pa June 3, 1922, chiwonetsero cha dziko lonse cha F. Stravinsky's Mavra chinachitika ku Paris Grand Opera monga gawo la ntchito ya Diaghilev, yomwe woimbayo adagwira ntchito yaikulu ya Parasha. Elena Sadoven (Woyandikana) ndi Stefan Belina-Skupevsky (Hussar) nawonso adayimba pawonetsero. Kupanga kumeneku kunali chiyambi cha ntchito yabwino monga woimba.

Berlin, amacheza ndi kwaya yaku Ukraine ku North ndi South America, zisudzo ku Mexico, Paris, London, Holland, Belgium - izi ndizochitika zazikulu za mbiri yake yakulenga. Mu 1931, zaka 10 pambuyo zisudzo olowa Petrograd, tsoka kachiwiri kumabweretsa pamodzi Slobodskaya ndi Chaliapin. Ku London, iye nawo pa ulendo wa gulu la zisudzo A. Tsereteli, kuimba mbali ya Natasha mu "Mermaid".

Zina mwa kupambana kwakukulu kwa Slobodskaya mu 1932 ku Covent Garden monga Venus ku Tannhauser pamodzi ndi L. Melchior, mu nyengo ya 1933/34 ku La Scala (gawo la Fevronia) ndipo, potsiriza, kutenga nawo mbali mu masewero a Chingerezi a D. Shostakovich. "Lady Macbeth wa Mtsensk District", anachita mu 1936 ndi A. Coates ku London (gawo la Katerina Izmailova).

Mu 1941, pachimake cha nkhondo, Oda Slobodskaya nawo chidwi kwambiri English ntchito, wochitidwa ndi kondakitala wotchuka, mbadwa ya Russia, Anatoly Fistulari *. Chiwonetsero cha Mussorgsky cha Sorochinskaya chinachitika ku Savoy Theatre. Slobodskaya anaimba udindo wa Parasi mu zisudzo. Kira Vane nayenso adagwira nawo ntchitoyi, akufotokoza za kupanga izi mwatsatanetsatane m'mabuku ake.

Pamodzi ndi zisudzo pa siteji opera, Slobodskaya ntchito bwino kwambiri pa wailesi, mogwirizana ndi BBC. Adatenga nawo gawo pano pamasewera a The Queen of Spades, akuchita gawo la Countess.

Pambuyo pa nkhondo, woimba makamaka ankakhala ndi kugwira ntchito ku England, kuchita khama konsati. Anali wotanthauzira bwino wa ntchito za chipinda cha S. Rachmaninov, A. Grechaninov, I. Stravinsky komanso, makamaka, N. Medtner, omwe adachita nawo mobwerezabwereza. Ntchito ya woimbayo yasungidwa muzojambula zamakampani a galamafoni Ake Masters Voice, Saga, Decca (zokonda za Medtner, ntchito za Stravinsky, J. Sibelius, "Kalata ya Tatyana" komanso ngakhale nyimbo ya M. Blanter "In the Front Forest"). Mu 1983, zolemba zingapo za Slobodskaya zinasindikizidwa ndi kampani ya Melodiya monga gawo la disc ya wolemba N. Medtner.

Slobodskaya anamaliza ntchito yake mu 1960. Mu 1961 anapita ku USSR, akuyendera achibale ku Leningrad. Slobodskaya mwamuna, woyendetsa ndege, anamwalira pa nkhondo ya ku England. Slobodskaya anamwalira pa July 30, 1970 ku London.

Zindikirani:

* Anatoly Grigoryevich Fistulari (1907-1995) anabadwira ku Kyiv. Anaphunzira ku St. Petersburg ndi bambo ake, omwe anali kondakita wotchuka m’nthaŵi yake. Anali mwana wodabwitsa, ali ndi zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri adaimba nyimbo ya 6 ya Tchaikovsky ndi oimba. Mu 1929 anachoka ku Russia. Adachita nawo mabizinesi osiyanasiyana. Zina mwa zisudzo ndi Boris Godunov ndi Chaliapin (1933), Barber wa Seville (1933), The Sorochinskaya Fair (1941) ndi ena. Adachita ndi Russian Ballet ya Monte Carlo, London Philharmonic Orchestra (kuyambira 1943). Anagwiranso ntchito ku USA ndi New Zealand. Anakwatiwa ndi mwana wamkazi wa Gustav Mahler Anna.

E. Tsodokov