Ziyadullah Mukadasovich Shahidi (Ziyadullah Shahidi) |

Ziyadullah Shahidi

Z. Shakhidi ndi m'modzi mwa omwe adayambitsa luso lamakono lanyimbo ku Tajikistan. Nyimbo zake zambiri, zachikondi, zisudzo ndi ntchito za symphonic zidalowa mu thumba la golide la nyimbo zapamwamba za mayiko a Soviet East.

Wobadwira ku Samarkand, yomwe inali imodzi mwa malo akuluakulu a chikhalidwe cha Ancient East, ndipo anakulira m'malo ovuta, Shakhidi nthawi zonse ankafuna kulimbikitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira yatsopano yopangira luso la nyengo ya pambuyo pa kusintha, luso loimba. zomwe sizinali zodziwika kale za Kum'mawa, komanso mitundu yamakono yomwe idawonekera chifukwa cholumikizana ndi miyambo ya ku Europe.

Monga oimba ena angapo omwe adachita upainiya ku Soviet East, Shakhidi adayamba kudziwa zoyambira zaluso zamtundu wamtundu, adaphunzira luso lopanga luso ku studio yapadziko lonse ku Moscow Conservatory, kenako ku dipatimenti yake yapadziko lonse m'gulu la V. Feret. (1952-57). Nyimbo zake, makamaka nyimbo (zoposa 300), zimatchuka kwambiri ndikukondedwa ndi anthu. Nyimbo zambiri za Shakhidi ("Holide yopambana, Nyumba yathu siili kutali, Chikondi") imayimbidwa kulikonse ku Tajikistan, amakondedwa m'maiko ena, ndi kunja - ku Iran, Afghanistan. Mphatso yanyimbo ya woimbayo inaonekeranso m’ntchito yake yachikondi. Pakati pa zitsanzo za 14 za mtundu wa mawu ang'onoang'ono, Moto wa Chikondi (pa Khiloli station), ndi Birch (pa S. Obradovic station) amawonekera makamaka.

Shakhidi ndi wolemba wa tsogolo losangalatsa la kulenga. Mphatso yake yaluso yowala idawonetsedwanso mosangalatsa m'magawo awiri omwe nthawi zina amagawanika kwambiri a nyimbo zamakono - "kuwala" ndi "kuzama". Olemba amakono ochepa amatha kukondedwa kwambiri ndi anthu ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo amapanga nyimbo zomveka bwino za symphonic pa luso lapamwamba la luso pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zopangira. Izi ndi zomwe "Symphony of the Maqoms" (1977) yake ili ngati mawonekedwe amitundu yosokoneza komanso yosokoneza.

Kukoma kwake kwa orchestra kumatengera zotsatira za Sonor-phonic. Zolemba za aleatoric, mphamvu zokakamiza ostinato complexes zimagwirizana ndi masitayelo aposachedwa kwambiri. Masamba ambiri a ntchitoyi amabwezeretsanso chiyero chokhazikika cha Tajik monody wakale, monga wonyamula zinthu zauzimu ndi zamakhalidwe abwino, komwe malingaliro ambiri a nyimbo amabwerera nthawi zonse. "Zomwe zili m'ntchitoyi ndi zamitundumitundu, mwaukadaulo wokhudza mitu yamuyaya komanso yofunika kwambiri pazaluso zamasiku athu monga kulimbana pakati pa zabwino ndi zoyipa, kuwala kolimbana ndi mdima, ufulu wotsutsana ndi chiwawa, kugwirizana kwa miyambo ndi masiku ano, wamba, pakati pa ojambula ndi dziko,” analemba motero A. Eshpay.

Mtundu wa symphonic muzolemba za wolembayo umayimiridwanso ndi ndakatulo ya Solemn (1984) yowoneka bwino, yomwe imatsitsimutsa zithunzi za zikondwerero za Tajik, ndi ntchito za kalembedwe kapamwamba, kamaphunziro: ma suites asanu a symphonic (1956-75); symphonic ndakatulo "1917" (1967), "Buzruk" (1976); ndakatulo za mawu omveka "In Memory of Mirzo Tursunzade" (1978) ndi "Ibn Sina" (1980).

Wolembayo adapanga opera yake yoyamba, Comde et Modan (1960), kutengera ndakatulo ya dzina lomweli ndi mabuku akum'maŵa a Bedil, panthawi yamaluwa apamwamba kwambiri. Yakhala imodzi mwantchito zabwino kwambiri zamasewera a Tajik. Nyimbo zoimbidwa kwambiri "Comde ndi Modan" zidatchuka kwambiri m'dziko la Republic, zidalowa mu repertoire yakale ya Tajik bel canto masters ndi thumba la All-Union la nyimbo za opera. Nyimbo za opera yachiwiri ya Shakhidi, "Akapolo" (1980), yomwe idapangidwa potengera zolemba zamtundu wa Tajik Soviet S. Aini, idalandira ulemu waukulu ku Republic.

Cholowa cha nyimbo cha Shakhidi chimaphatikizanso nyimbo zazikuluzikulu zakwaya (oratorio, 5 cantatas ku mawu andakatulo amasiku ano a Tajik), zipinda zingapo ndi zida zoimbira (kuphatikiza String Quartet - 1981), 8 zoimba ndi choreographic suites, nyimbo zopanga zisudzo ndi makanema. .

Shahidi adaperekanso mphamvu zake zakulenga ku zochitika zamagulu ndi maphunziro, polankhula pamasamba a republican ndi central press, pawailesi ndi wailesi yakanema. Wojambula wa "makhalidwe a anthu", sakanatha kunyalanyaza mavuto a moyo wamakono wa nyimbo za Republic, sakanatha kusonyeza zofooka zomwe zimalepheretsa kukula kwa chikhalidwe cha achinyamata: "Ndikukhulupirira kwambiri kuti. ntchito za wopeka sizimaphatikizapo kupanga ntchito zoimbira, komanso kufalitsa zitsanzo zabwino za luso la nyimbo, kutenga nawo mbali mu maphunziro okongoletsa a anthu ogwira ntchito. Momwe nyimbo zimaphunzitsidwira m'masukulu, ndi nyimbo zotani zomwe ana amaimba patchuthi, ndi nyimbo zotani zomwe achinyamata amakonda ... ndipo izi ziyenera kuda nkhawa ndi wolembayo.

E. Orlova