Adolphe Charles Adam |

Adolphe Charles Adam

Wolemba wa ballet wotchuka padziko lonse "Giselle" A. Adam anali mmodzi mwa oimba otchuka komanso okondedwa a ku France m'zaka zoyambirira za m'ma 46. Ma opera ake ndi ma ballets adachita bwino kwambiri ndi anthu, kutchuka kwa Adana ngakhale nthawi ya moyo wake adadutsa malire a France. Cholowa chake ndi chachikulu: opitilira 18, ma ballet XNUMX (mwa iwo ndi The Maiden of the Danube, Corsair, Faust). Nyimbo zake zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kukongola kwa nyimbo, pulasitiki ya chitsanzo, ndi kuchenjera kwa zida zoimbira. Adan anabadwira m'banja la woimba piyano, pulofesa ku Paris Conservatory L. Adan. Kutchuka kwa abambowo kunali kwakukulu, pakati pa ophunzira ake anali F. Kalkbrenner ndi F. Herold. Ali wamng'ono, Adan sanasonyeze chidwi ndi nyimbo ndipo anakonzekera ntchito ya sayansi. Komabe, adalandira maphunziro ake oimba ku Paris Conservatory. Msonkhano ndi wolemba nyimbo F. Boildieu, mmodzi mwa oimba otchuka a ku France a nthawi imeneyo, anali ndi chikoka champhamvu pa chitukuko cha luso lake lolemba. Nthawi yomweyo adawona mphatso yanyimbo ku Adana ndikumutengera mkalasi mwake.

Kupambana kwa wolemba nyimbo wachinyamata kunali kofunika kwambiri kotero kuti mu 1825 adalandira mphoto ya Rome. Adana ndi Boildieu anali ndi kulumikizana mwakuya. Malinga ndi zojambula za mphunzitsi wake, Adamu adalemba zolemba za opera yotchuka komanso yotchuka ya Boildieu, The White Lady. Nayenso Boildieu anaganiza mu Adana ntchito ya zisudzo nyimbo ndipo anamulangiza kuti ayambe kutembenukira kwa mtundu wa zisudzo opera. Sewero loyamba la sewero la Adana linalembedwa mu 1829 potengera chiwembu cha mbiri yakale ya ku Russia, pomwe Peter I anali m'modzi mwa otchulidwa kwambiri. Opera ankatchedwa Peter ndi Catherine. Ma opera omwe adawonekera m'zaka zotsatila adatchuka kwambiri komanso kutchuka: The Cabin (1834), The Postman from Longjumeau (1836), The King from Yveto (1842), Cagliostro (1844). Wolembayo analemba zambiri komanso mofulumira. “Pafupifupi onditsutsa onse amandiimba mlandu wa kulemba mofulumira kwambiri,” analemba motero Adan, “ndinalemba The Cabin m’masiku khumi ndi asanu, Giselle m’milungu itatu, ndi Ngati Ndili Mfumu m’miyezi iŵiri.” Komabe, kupambana kwakukulu ndi moyo wautali kwambiri kunagwera ku gawo la ballet yake Giselle (libre. T. Gauthier ndi G. Corali), yomwe inali chiyambi cha otchedwa. French chikondi ballet. Mayina a ballerinas odabwitsa Ch. Grisi ndi M. Taglioni, omwe adapanga chithunzi cha ndakatulo ndi chachifundo cha Giselle, akugwirizana ndi Adana ballet. Dzina lakuti Adana linali lodziwika bwino ku Russia. Kalelo mu 1839, iye anabwera ku St. Petersburg, limodzi ndi wophunzira wake, woimba wotchuka Sheri-Kuro, pa ulendo. Ku St. Petersburg, anthu ankakonda kuvina. Taglioni anachita pa siteji. Wolemba nyimboyo adawona kupambana kwa wovina m'mbali yayikulu ya ballet yake "Mtsikana wa Danube". Nyumba ya opera idachita chidwi kwambiri ndi Adana. Iye adawona zofooka za gulu la zisudzo ndipo adalankhula mokoma mtima za ballet: “… Apa aliyense amakonda kuvina. Komanso, popeza kuti oimba akunja pafupifupi samabwera ku St. Kupambana kwa woimba yemwe ndimapita naye kunali kwakukulu ... "

Zopambana zonse zaposachedwa za ballet yaku France zidasamutsidwa mwachangu kupita ku siteji ya Russia. Ballet "Giselle" inachitikira ku St. Petersburg mu 1842, patatha chaka chimodzi kuchokera ku Paris. Ikuphatikizidwabe m'mabuku ambiri owonetsera nyimbo mpaka lero.

Kwa zaka zingapo woimbayo sanayambe kupeka nyimbo. Atasemphana maganizo ndi mkulu wa Opera Comique, Adan anaganiza zotsegula yekha ntchito yake yotchedwa National Theatre. Zinangotha ​​chaka chimodzi, ndipo woimba wowonongekayo adakakamizika, kuti apititse patsogolo chuma chake, kuti atembenukirenso nyimbo. M'zaka zomwezo (1847-48), zolemba zake zambiri ndi zolemba zinasindikizidwa, ndipo kuyambira 1848 anakhala pulofesa ku Paris Conservatory.

Zina mwa ntchito za nthawiyi ndi ma opera angapo omwe amadabwa ndi ziwembu zosiyanasiyana: Toreador (1849), Giralda (1850), The Nuremberg Doll (kutengera nkhani yachidule ya TA Hoffmann The Sandman - 1852), Be I King. "(1852)," Falstaff "(malinga ndi W. Shakespeare - 1856). Mu 1856, imodzi mwa ma ballet ake otchuka kwambiri, Le Corsaire, idachitika.

Anthu a ku Russia anali ndi mwayi wodziwa talente ya wolembayo pamasamba a Theatrical and Musical Bulletin, yomwe mu 1859 inafalitsa zidutswa za zolemba za wolemba pamasamba ake. Nyimbo za Adani ndi imodzi mwamasamba owala kwambiri azikhalidwe zanyimbo zazaka za zana la XNUMX. Sizongochitika mwangozi kuti C. Saint-Saens analemba kuti: “Kodi masiku osangalatsa a Giselle ndi Corsair ali kuti?! Awa anali ma ballet achitsanzo. Miyambo yawo iyenera kutsitsimutsidwa. Chifukwa cha Mulungu, ngati n’kotheka, tipatseni mikwingwirima yokongola ya m’mbuyomu.”

L. Kozhevnikova