Alexander Brailovsky |

Alexander Brailowsky

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 20 SERGEY Rachmaninov anapita Kiev Conservatory. M’kalasi lina, anaphunzitsidwa ndi mnyamata wazaka 11. “Muli ndi manja a katswiri woimba piyano. Bwerani, sewerani kena kake,” Rachmaninov analingalira motero, ndipo pamene mnyamatayo anamaliza kuimba, iye anati: “Ndikutsimikizira kuti udzakhala woimbira piyano wamkulu.” Mnyamata uyu anali Alexander Brailovsky, ndipo iye analungamitsa kulosera.

... Bambo, mwini wa shopu yaying'ono ya nyimbo ku Podil, yemwe adapatsa mnyamatayo maphunziro ake oyambirira a piyano, posakhalitsa anamva kuti mwana wake analidi waluso kwambiri, ndipo mu 1911 anamutengera ku Vienna, ku Leshetitsky wotchuka. Mnyamatayo anaphunzira naye kwa zaka zitatu, ndipo pamene nkhondo yapadziko lonse inayamba, banjali linasamukira ku Switzerland kosaloŵerera m’ndale. Mphunzitsi watsopanoyo anali Ferruccio Busoni, yemwe anamaliza "kupukuta" talente yake.

Brailovsky adayamba ku Paris ndipo adachita chidwi ndi ukoma wake kuti mapangano adagwa kuchokera kumbali zonse. Chimodzi mwa zoyitanirazo chinali, komabe, chinali chachilendo: chinachokera kwa munthu wokonda nyimbo komanso woyimba zenera, Mfumukazi Elizabeth waku Belgium, yemwe nthawi zambiri ankaimba naye nyimbo kuyambira nthawi imeneyo. Zinangotengera zaka zochepa kuti wojambulayo adziwike padziko lonse lapansi. Potsatira malo a chikhalidwe cha ku Ulaya, New York amamuyamika, ndipo patapita nthawi adakhala woimba piyano woyamba ku Ulaya kuti "apeze" South America - palibe amene adasewera kumeneko kwambiri pamaso pake. Atafika ku Buenos Aires kokha, anaimba nyimbo 17 m’miyezi iŵiri! M'mizinda yambiri ya zigawo za Argentina ndi Brazil, sitima zapadera zinayambitsidwa kuti zitenge anthu omwe ankafuna kumvetsera Brailovsky ku konsati ndi kubwerera.

Kupambana kwa Brailovsky kunalumikizidwa, choyamba, ndi mayina a Chopin ndi Liszt. Chikondi kwa iwo chinaikidwa mwa iye ndi Leshetitsky, ndipo iye anachichita icho mu moyo wake wonse. Mu 1923, wojambula anapuma kwa pafupifupi chaka chimodzi m'mudzi French Annecy. kukonzekera kuzungulira kwa mapulogalamu asanu ndi limodzi operekedwa ku ntchito ya Chopin. Zinaphatikizapo ntchito 169 zomwe adachita ku Paris, ndipo chifukwa cha izi konsati inaperekedwa ndi piyano ya Pleyel, yomwe F. Liszt anali womaliza kuigwira. Pambuyo pake, Brailovsky anabwereza maulendo ofanana kangapo m'mizinda ina. “Nyimbo za Chopin zili m’mwazi wake,” inalemba motero The New York Times pambuyo pa kuwonekera kwake koyamba ku Amereka. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, adagwiritsa ntchito zoimbaimba ku Paris ndi London ku ntchito ya Liszt. Ndipo kachiwiri, imodzi mwa nyuzipepala ya ku London inamutcha kuti "The Sheet of Our Time."

Brailovsky wakhala akutsagana ndi kupambana kwachangu kwambiri. M'mayiko osiyanasiyana anakumana ndi kunyamulidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, anapatsidwa maoda ndi mendulo, anapatsidwa mphoto ndi maudindo aulemu. Koma akatswiri, otsutsa ankakayikira kwambiri za masewera ake. Izi zinadziwika ndi A. Chesins, yemwe analemba m'buku lake lakuti "Speaking of Pianists" kuti: "Alexander Brailovsky ali ndi mbiri yosiyana pakati pa akatswiri komanso pakati pa anthu. Kukula ndi zomwe zili paulendo wake ndi mapangano ndi makampani ojambula, kudzipereka kwa anthu kwa iye kunapangitsa Brailovsky kukhala chinsinsi mu ntchito yake. Sikuti munthu wachinsinsi, ndithudi, popeza nthawi zonse anadzutsa chidwi kwambiri ndi anzake monga munthu ... Pamaso pathu pali munthu amene amakonda ntchito yake ndipo amapangitsa anthu kumukonda, chaka ndi chaka. Mwina uyu si woyimba piyano komanso woimba wa oimba, koma ndi woyimba piyano kwa omvera. Ndipo m'pofunika kuganizira. "

Mu 1961, pamene wojambula wa imvi anayendera USSR kwa nthawi yoyamba, Muscovites ndi Leningrad adatha kutsimikizira kuti mawuwa ndi olondola ndikuyesera kuthetsa "mwambi wa Brailovsky". Wojambulayo adawonekera pamaso pathu mwaluso kwambiri komanso m'mbiri yake yodziwika bwino: adasewera Chaconne ya Bach - Busoni, sonatas ya Scarlatti, Nyimbo Zopanda Mawu za Mendelssohn. Sonata yachitatu ya Prokofiev. Liszt a sonata mu B wamng'ono ndipo, ndithudi, ntchito zambiri ndi Chopin, ndi oimba - zoimbaimba ndi Mozart (A yaikulu), Chopin (E wamng'ono) ndi Rachmaninov (C wamng'ono). Ndipo chinthu chodabwitsa chinachitika: mwinamwake kwa nthawi yoyamba mu USSR, anthu ndi otsutsa adagwirizana pa kuwunika kwa Brailovsky, pamene anthu adawonetsa kukoma kwakukulu ndi chidziwitso, ndipo kutsutsa kunasonyeza kuti ali ndi zolinga zabwino. Omvera analeredwa pa zitsanzo zazikulu kwambiri, omwe adaphunzira kupeza muzojambula ndi kutanthauzira kwawo, choyamba, lingaliro, lingaliro, sakanakhoza kuvomereza mopanda malire kuwongoka kwa malingaliro a Brailovsky, chikhumbo chake cha zotsatira zakunja, zomwe zinkawoneka zakale. -opangidwa kwa ife. Zonse "zowonjezera" ndi "minuses" za kalembedwe kameneka zinafotokozedwa bwino mu ndemanga yake ya G. Kogan: "Kumbali imodzi, njira yanzeru (kupatula ma octaves), mawu olemekezeka kwambiri, chikhalidwe chansangala, rhythmic "chisangalalo. ”, kukopa kumasuka, kukhala ndi moyo, kugwira ntchito kwa mphamvu, luso la "kupereka" ngakhale zomwe, kwenikweni, "sizimatuluka" m'njira yodzutsa chisangalalo cha anthu; Kumbali inayi, kutanthauzira kwachiphamaso, kumasulira kwa salon, ufulu wokayikitsa, kukoma kwaluso kovutirapo.

Zomwe tafotokozazi sizikutanthauza kuti Brailovsky sanachite bwino m'dziko lathu. Omverawo adayamikira luso lapamwamba la wojambulayo, "mphamvu" ya masewera ake, chidziwitso chake chachibadwa ndi chithumwa nthawi zina, komanso kuwona mtima kwake kosakayikitsa. Zonsezi zinapangitsa msonkhano ndi Brailovsky kukhala chochitika chosaiwalika m'moyo wathu wanyimbo. Ndipo kwa wojambula mwiniwakeyo, kwenikweni inali "nyimbo ya swan". Posakhalitsa anatsala pang'ono kusiya kuchita pamaso pa anthu komanso kujambula nyimbo. Zolemba zake zomaliza - Chopin's First Concerto ndi "Dance of Death" ya Liszt - yopangidwa kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 60, zimatsimikizira kuti woyimba piyano sanataye makhalidwe ake abwino mpaka kumapeto kwa ntchito yake.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya.