Mitundu yakale ya tchalitchi: mwachidule kwa okonda solfegists - kodi Lydian, Mixolydian ndi mitundu ina yanyimbo yapamwamba kwambiri?

Kamodzi mu imodzi mwazolemba zoperekedwa kumayendedwe oimba, zidanenedwa kale kuti pali mitundu yambiri ya nyimbo. Pali zambiri mwa izo, ndipo mitundu yodziwika bwino ya nyimbo zachikale za ku Ulaya ndi zazikulu ndi zazing'ono, zomwe zilinso ndi mitundu yambiri.

Chinachake cha mbiri yakale ya frets

Koma zisanawonekere zazikulu ndi zazing'ono komanso kuphatikizika kwawo komaliza ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa kachitidwe ka homophonic-harmonic mu nyimbo zapadziko lapansi, mitundu yosiyana kwambiri inalipo mu nyimbo zaluso zaku Europe - tsopano zimatchedwa njira zamatchalitchi akale (nthawi zina amatchedwanso njira zachilengedwe) . Zoona zake n’zakuti kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwawo mwachangu kunachitika m’zaka za m’ma Middle Ages, pamene nyimbo zaukatswiri makamaka zinali nyimbo zatchalitchi.

Ngakhale kwenikweni, zomwezo zomwe zimatchedwa kuti mipingo ya tchalitchi, ngakhale kuti zinali zosiyana pang'ono, sizinali zodziwika zokha, komanso zinali zochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi afilosofi ena kumbuyo mu nthanthi yakale ya nyimbo. Ndipo mayina amitundu iyi adabwerekedwa kumitundu yakale yachi Greek.

Mitundu yakaleyi ili ndi zina mwazinthu zamagulu ndi mapangidwe, zomwe, komabe, inu, ana asukulu, simuyenera kudziwa. Ingodziwani kuti zidagwiritsidwa ntchito mu nyimbo zakwaya za mawu amodzi komanso polyphonic. Ntchito yanu ndikuphunzira kupanga ma modes ndikusiyanitsa pakati pawo.

Kodi izi ndi zamtundu wanji?

Samalani: Pali ma frets asanu ndi awiri okha akale, aliwonse ali ndi masitepe asanu ndi awiri, mitundu iyi siili, m'lingaliro lamakono, kaya ndi wamkulu wokwanira kapena wamng'ono, koma muzochita zamaphunziro njira yofananizira mitundu iyi ndi zazikulu ndi zachilengedwe zazing'ono, kapena m'malo ndi masikelo awo, yakhazikitsidwa. ndi ntchito bwinobwino. Kutengera mchitidwewu, pazolinga zamaphunziro, magulu awiri amitundu amasiyanitsidwa:

• njira zazikulu;
• modes zazing'ono.

Major modes

Nawa mitundu yomwe ingafanane ndi zazikulu zachilengedwe. Muyenera kukumbukira atatu mwa iwo: Ionian, Lydian ndi Mixolydian.

Ionian mode - iyi ndi njira yomwe sikelo yake imagwirizana ndi kukula kwachilengedwe. Nazi zitsanzo zamachitidwe a Ionian kuchokera ku zolemba zosiyanasiyana:

Lydian mode - iyi ndi njira yomwe, poyerekeza ndi yaikulu yachirengedwe, ili ndi digiri yachinayi yapamwamba muzolemba zake. Zitsanzo:

Mixedian mode - iyi ndi njira yomwe, poyerekeza ndi kukula kwakukulu kwachilengedwe, ili ndi digiri yachisanu ndi chiwiri. Zitsanzo ndi:

Tiyeni tifotokoze mwachidule zomwe zanenedwa ndi chithunzi chaching'ono:

Mitundu yaying'ono

Izi ndi njira zomwe tingaziyerekezere ndi zazing'ono zachilengedwe. Pali anayi mwa iwo omwe angakumbukiridwe: Aeolian, Dorian, Phrygian + Locrian.

Aeolian mode - palibe chapadera - kukula kwake kumagwirizana ndi kukula kwa zazing'ono zachilengedwe (analogue yayikulu - mukukumbukira, sichoncho? - Ionian). Zitsanzo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Aeolian Ladics:

Dorian - sikelo iyi ili ndi msinkhu wachisanu ndi chimodzi poyerekeza ndi chilengedwe chaching'ono chaching'ono. Nazi zitsanzo:

Chifrigiya - sikelo iyi ili ndi digiri yachiwiri yotsika poyerekeza ndi chilengedwe chaching'ono chaching'ono. Onani:

Wolemba Locrian - mawonekedwe awa, poyerekeza ndi ang'onoang'ono achilengedwe, ali ndi kusiyana kwa masitepe awiri nthawi imodzi: yachiwiri ndi yachisanu, yomwe ili yochepa. Nazi zitsanzo:

Ndipo tsopano titha kunenanso mwachidule zomwe zili pamwambapa mu chithunzi chimodzi. Tiyeni tifotokoze mwachidule zonse apa:

Lamulo lofunikira la mapangidwe!

Kwa frets izi pali lamulo lapadera lokhudza mapangidwe. Tikalemba zolemba mumitundu iliyonse yotchulidwa - Ionian, Aeolian, Mixolydian kapena Phrygian, Dorian kapena Lydian, komanso ngakhale Locrian, komanso tikamalemba nyimbo m'njira izi - ndiye kuti kumayambiriro kwa ogwira ntchito palibe zizindikiro, kapena zizindikiro zimayikidwa nthawi yomweyo poganizira zachilendo (zapamwamba ndi zotsika).

Ndiko kuti, mwachitsanzo, ngati tikufuna Mixolydian kuchokera ku D, ndiye tikayerekeza ndi D wamkulu, sitilemba digirii yotsika C-bekar m'mawu, osayika C-lakuthwa kapena C-bekar mu kiyi, koma sungani ma bekars ndi zina zowonjezera, ndikusiya F imodzi yokha yakuthwa pakiyi. Zimakhala mtundu wa D wamkulu wopanda C wakuthwa, mwa kuyankhula kwina, wamkulu wa Mixolydian D.

Chidwi #1

Onani zomwe zimachitika ngati mupanga masikelo a masitepe asanu ndi awiri kuchokera pa makiyi oyera a piyano:

Wofuna kudziwa? Zindikirani!

Chidwi #2

Pakati pa ma tonali akuluakulu ndi ang'onoang'ono, timasiyanitsa ofanana - awa ndi ma tonali omwe amasiyana modal, koma mawonekedwe omwewo. Zofananazo zimawonedwanso m'njira zamakedzana. Gwirani:

Kodi mwachigwira? Cholemba chinanso!

Chabwino, ndizo zonse. Palibe chapadera choti tinene apa. Zonse zikhale zomveka. Kuti tipange chilichonse mwa mitundu iyi, timangopanga zazikulu kapena zazing'ono m'malingaliro athu, kenako mophweka komanso mophweka kusintha masitepe ofunikira pamenepo. Wodala solfegeing!