Chicago Symphony Orchestra |

Chicago Symphony Orchestra

Chicago Symphony Orchestra imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwamagulu oimba anthawi yathu ino. Zisudzo za CSO zikufunika kwambiri osati m'dziko lakwawo lokha, komanso m'malikulu a nyimbo padziko lapansi. Mu Seputembala 2010, wokonda ku Italy Riccardo Muti adakhala mtsogoleri wa khumi wa CSO. Masomphenya ake pa ntchito ya oimba: kukulitsa kuyanjana ndi omvera aku Chicago, kuthandizira m'badwo watsopano wa oimba, komanso kugwirizana ndi akatswiri otsogola zonse ndizizindikiro za nyengo yatsopano ya gululo. Wolemba nyimbo wa ku France komanso wochititsa chidwi Pierre Boulez, yemwe ubale wake wautali ndi CSO unathandizira kuti asankhidwe kukhala Principal Guest Conductor mu 1995, adatchedwa Honorary Conductor wa Helen Rubinstein Foundation mu 2006.

Mothandizana ndi otsogolera odziwika padziko lonse lapansi ndi akatswiri ojambula alendo, CSO imachita makonsati opitilira 150 pachaka ku Chicago Center, Symphony Center, komanso chilimwe chilichonse pamwambo wa Ravinia ku Chicago's North Shore. Kupyolera mu maphunziro ake odzipatulira, "Institute for Learning, Access, and Training," CSO imakopa anthu oposa 200.000 okhala m'dera la Chicago chaka chilichonse. Njira zitatu zopambana zofalitsa nkhani zidakhazikitsidwa mu 2007: CSO-Resound (gulu la orchestral la kutulutsa ma CD ndi kutsitsa kwa digito), kuwulutsa dziko lonse ndi kuwulutsa kwatsopano kwa sabata zopanga zawo, komanso kukulitsa kupezeka kwa CSO pa intaneti - kutsitsa kwaulere kwa orchestra. mavidiyo ndi zowonetsera zatsopano.

Mu Januwale 2010, Yo-Yo Ma adakhala mlangizi woyamba wa Judson & Joyce Green Foundation, wosankhidwa ndi Riccardo Muti kwa zaka zitatu. Paudindowu, ndi mnzake wamtengo wapatali wa Maestro Muti, oyang'anira CSO ndi oimba, ndipo kudzera muukadaulo wake wosayerekezeka komanso luso lapadera lolumikizana ndi ena, Yo-Yo Ma, pamodzi ndi Muti, akhala chilimbikitso chenicheni kwa omvera aku Chicago. , kuyankhula za mphamvu yosinthira nyimbo. Yo-Yo Ma atenga nawo gawo pakupanga ndi kukhazikitsa njira zatsopano, mapulojekiti ndi nyimbo zotsatiridwa ndi The Institute for Learning, Access, and Training.

Oyimba awiri atsopanowa adayamba mgwirizano wazaka ziwiri ndi oimba mu autumn 2010. Mason Bates ndi Anna Kline adasankhidwa ndi Riccardo Muti kuti azitha kuyang'anira MusicNOW Concert Series. Kupyolera mu mgwirizano ndi ojambula ochokera m'madera ena ndi mabungwe, Bates ndi Kline amayesetsa kudutsa zolepheretsa chikhalidwe cha Chicago pobweretsa malingaliro atsopano ku mgwirizano ndikupanga zochitika zapadera za nyimbo. Kuphatikiza pa mndandanda wa MusicNOW, womwe woyimba aliyense adalemba nyimbo yatsopano (yoyamba mchaka cha 2011), CSO idachita ntchito ndi Kline ndi Bates pamakonsati olembetsa a nyengo ya 2010/11.

Kuyambira mu 1916, kujambula mawu kwakhala mbali yofunika kwambiri ya oimba. Zotulutsidwa pa CSO-Resound label zikuphatikiza Verdi's Requiem motsogozedwa ndi Riccardo Muti komanso wokhala ndi Chicago Symphony Choir, Rich Strauss's A Hero's Life ndi Webern's In the Summer Wind, Bruckner's Seventh Symphony, Shostakovich's Fourth Symphony, First, Third Symphony 'Symphony's Mahnies, First, Third Symphony's Symphony, Chachiwiri, ndi Webern's In the Summer Wind. - onse motsogozedwa ndi Bernard Haitink, Poulenc's Gloria (wokhala ndi soprano Jessica Rivera), Ravel's Daphnis ndi Chloe ndi Chicago Symphony Choir pansi pa B. Haitink, Stravinsky's Pulcinella, Four Etudes ndi Symphony mumayendedwe atatu Pierre Boulez, "Miyambo ndi Kusintha" : Sounds of Chicago's Silk Road, yomwe ili ndi Silk Road Ensemble, Yo-Yo Ma ndi Wu Man; ndipo, kutsitsa kokha, kujambula kwa Fifth Symphony ya Shostakovich yochitidwa ndi Moon Wun Chung.

CSO ndiyomwe yalandila Mphotho 62 za Grammy kuchokera ku National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. Kujambula kwa Shostakovich's Fourth Symphony with Haitink, yomwe ili ndi DVD ya "Beyond the Score", idapambana Grammy ya 2008 ya "Best Orchestral Performance". Chaka chomwecho, Traditions and Transformations: Sounds of the Silk Road adapambana Grammy ya Best Classical Album Mixing. Posachedwapa, mu 2011, kujambula kwa Verdi's Requiem ndi Riccardo Muti kunapatsidwa ma Grammys awiri: "Best Classical Album" ndi "Best Choral Performance".

CSO yakhala ikupanga zowulutsa zake zamlungu ndi mlungu kuyambira Epulo 2007, zomwe zimawulutsidwa pa wailesi ya dziko lonse ya WFMT, komanso pa intaneti patsamba la orchestra - www.cso.org. Kuwulutsa kumeneku kumapereka njira yatsopano, yodziwika bwino ya pulogalamu yapawayilesi yanyimbo zakale - nyimbo zosangalatsa komanso zopatsa chidwi zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zipereke chidziwitso chakuya ndikupereka kulumikizana kwina ku nyimbo zomwe zimaseweredwa munyengo ya konsati ya oimba.

Mbiri ya Chicago Symphony idayamba mu 1891 pomwe Theodore Thomas, wotsogolera wamkulu waku America komanso wodziwika kuti ndi "mpainiya" mu nyimbo, adaitanidwa ndi wabizinesi waku Chicago Charles Norman Fey kuti akhazikitse gulu loimba la symphony kuno. Cholinga cha Thomas - kupanga gulu loimba lokhazikika lomwe limatha kuchita bwino kwambiri - linali litakwaniritsidwa kale m'makonsati oyamba mu Okutobala chaka chimenecho. Thomas anatumikira monga wotsogolera nyimbo mpaka imfa yake mu 1905. Iye anamwalira patatha milungu itatu atapereka holo, nyumba yachikhalire ya oimba a Chicago Orchestra, kwa anthu ammudzi.

Woloŵa m’malo wa Thomas, Frederick Stock, yemwe anayamba ntchito yake ngati viola mu 1895, anakhala wothandizira kondakitala zaka zinayi pambuyo pake. Kukhala kwake pa utsogoleri wa oimba zinatenga zaka 37, kuyambira 1905 mpaka 1942 - nthawi yaitali kwambiri ya atsogoleri khumi a gulu. Zaka zamphamvu komanso upainiya wa Stock mu 1919 zidapangitsa kuti kukhazikitsidwa kwa Civic Orchestra ya ku Chicago, gulu loyamba lophunzitsira ku United States lomwe linali logwirizana ndi gulu lalikulu la oimba. Stock adagwiranso ntchito mwachangu ndi achinyamata, kukonza zoimbaimba zoyamba zolembetsa za ana ndikuyambitsa nyimbo zingapo zodziwika bwino.

Otsogolera oimba atatu otchuka anatsogolera gulu la oimba m’zaka khumi zotsatira: Désiré Defoe kuyambira 1943 mpaka 1947, Artur Rodzinsky anatenga udindo mu 1947/48, ndipo Rafael Kubelik anatsogolera gulu loimba kwa nyengo zitatu kuyambira 1950 mpaka 1953.

Zaka khumi zotsatira zinali za Fritz Reiner, yemwe nyimbo zake ndi Chicago Symphony Orchestra zimaganiziridwabe ngati zovomerezeka. Anali Reiner yemwe, mu 1957, adaitana Margaret Hillis kuti akonze kwaya ya Chicago Symphony Choir. Kwa nyengo zisanu - kuyambira 1963 mpaka 1968 - Jean Martinon adakhala mtsogoleri wa nyimbo.

Sir Georg Solti ndi wotsogolera nyimbo wachisanu ndi chitatu wa orchestra (1969-1991). Anali ndi udindo wa Honorary Music Director ndipo ankagwira ntchito ndi gulu la oimba kwa milungu ingapo nyengo iliyonse mpaka imfa yake mu September 1997. Kufika kwa Solti ku Chicago kunali chiyambi cha umodzi wa mayanjano oimba opambana kwambiri a nthawi yathu ino. Ulendo woyamba wakunja wa CSO unachitika mu 1971 motsogozedwa ndi utsogoleri wake, ndipo maulendo otsatizana ku Europe, komanso maulendo opita ku Japan ndi Australia, adalimbitsa mbiri ya oimba ngati imodzi mwamagulu oimba abwino kwambiri padziko lapansi.

Daniel Barenboim adasankhidwa kukhala wotsogolera nyimbo mu September 1991, udindo womwe adagwira mpaka June 2006. Chitsogozo chake choyimba chidadziwika ndi kutsegulidwa kwa Chicago New Music Center ku 1997, zojambula za opera mu holo ya oimba, machitidwe ambiri abwino ndi oimba mu oimba. Udindo wapawiri wa woyimba piyano ndi wochititsa, maulendo 21 apadziko lonse adachitika motsogozedwa ndi utsogoleri wake (kuphatikiza ulendo woyamba wopita ku South America) ndipo nyimbo zotsatizana za oimba zidawonekera.

Pierre Boulez, yemwe tsopano ndi wochititsa ulemu, ndi m'modzi mwa oimba atatu okha omwe ali ndi udindo wa Principal Guest Conductor wa orchestra. Carlo Maria Giulini, yemwe adayamba kuchita nthawi zonse ku Chicago kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1950, adasankhidwa kukhala Principal Guest Conductor mu 1969, komwe adakhalako mpaka 1972. Claudio Abbado adatumikira kuyambira 1982 mpaka 1985. Kuyambira 2006 mpaka 2010, wotsogolera wotchuka wachi Haitink Bernhard Haitink kondakitala wamkulu, akuyambitsa projekiti ya CSO-Resound ndikuchita nawo maulendo angapo opambana padziko lonse lapansi.

The Chicago Symphony Orchestra yakhala ikugwirizana ndi Ravinia ku Highland Park, Illinois, itaimba koyamba kumeneko mu November 1905. Gulu la oimba linathandiza kutsegula nyengo yoyamba ya Chikondwerero cha Ravinia mu August 1936 ndipo wakhala akuchita kumeneko mosalekeza chilimwe chilichonse kuyambira pamenepo.

Otsogolera nyimbo ndi otsogolera akuluakulu:

Theodore Thomas (1891-1905) Frederic Stock (1905-1942) Desiree Dafoe (1943-1947) Artur Rodzynski (1947-1948) Rafael Kubelik (1950-1953) Fritz Reiner (1953-1963-1963) Hoffman (1968-1968) Georg Solti (1969-1969) Daniel Barenboim (1991-1991) Bernard Haitink (2006-2006) Riccardo Muti (kuyambira 2010)