Nyumba za Concert |

Malo ochitirako konsati ndi malo opangira nyimbo zoimbidwa ndi anthu. zopangidwa, zokhala ndi zida zoyenera ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira zina zamayimbidwe. ndi zofunikira zomanga. Zochitika Kuti. - zotsatira zachilengedwe istorich. chitukuko cha nyimbo. chikhalidwe mu con. 17 - pemphani. Zaka za m'ma 18 Ngati m'nthawi yapitayi malo isp. nyimbo zinali matchalitchi, nyumba zachifumu, ma parishi. t-ry, wolemekezeka. salons kupezeka kuthira ochepa. gulu la anthu, ndiye pamene bourgeoisie akukula. chikhalidwe cha anthu. omvera anayamba kukula kwambiri, panali conc. mabungwe omwe adakonza zisudzo pafupipafupi zamagulu ndi oimba pawokha m'malo amalonda. ndi mabungwe amisiri, maholo amahotela ndi malesitilanti, komanso m’mabwalo a zisudzo. Woyamba wapadera K. z. idamangidwa mu 1690 ku London ndi Concerts of Vocal and Instrumental Music Society. M’zaka zonse za m’ma 18 K. z. zinabuka ku France, Holland, Germany, ndi maiko ena angapo a ku Ulaya; makampani, nyumba zosindikizira, zolemba zakale zidatenga nawo gawo pakumanga kwawo. za-va ndi mabungwe ena. Ntchito yomanga K.z. m'zaka za zana la 19 monga chotsatira cha ndondomeko ya demokalase ya muses. moyo, komanso zikamera lalikulu okhazikika oimba. Izi zinapangitsa kuti kukula ndi mphamvu za maholo (mpaka 1,5-2 anthu zikwi). Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zomangamanga ndi zomveka. zikhalidwe zogwirizana ndi zomangamanga. luso la nthawi imeneyo.

M'zaka za m'ma 20, kumanga kwakukulu kwa K. z kukupitiriza. Akatswiri akukwezedwa. Zipinda zochitirako makonsati akuzipinda zikukonzedwanso ndi kukonzedwanso kuti zikhale maholo ochitirako makonsati. nyumba zachifumu ndi zinyumba zakale, nthawi zina monga K. z. mipingo imagwiritsidwa ntchito. kumanga. Pamodzi ndi izi, K.z yayikulu imapangidwa. (malo 3 kapena kupitilira apo), komwe zachitika posachedwa kwambiri pamayimidwe. luso. Kusintha kuchokera ku mawonekedwe amtundu wa mabwalo afupiafupi oyambirira kumakhala khalidwe. kukhala amakona anayi kapena oval, yokhala ndi siteji, yosiyana momveka bwino ndi omvera. mizere. M'mabwalo a dipatimenti, siteji ili pakatikati pa holo. Makulidwe amakono a K.z. ndizosiyana: zipinda zachipinda (mpaka mipando 500) zimapangidwira Ch. ayi. pamasewera a soloists, madzulo a sonata ndi instr yaying'ono. ndi wok. ensembles; zipinda zazikulu (kuchokera ku mipando 500 kapena kuposerapo) - pazochita za symphonic. okhestra, kwaya, nyimbo ndi choreographic. magulu, komanso otsogolera soloists. Palinso otchedwa. Nyumba zochitira masewera zachilimwe zomangidwa panja ngati mabwalo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi okhala ndi siteji ya "chipolopolo" kapena okhala ndi mipando yowonera pansi padenga lowala. Nyumba zofananirazi zikumangidwa bh m'malo ochezera komanso madera akumidzi amizinda yayikulu. Zosiyanasiyana za K.z. ali ndi zikhalidwe zonse zamakono padziko lapansi. Maholo ambiri ndi a philharmonic, nyimbo. za inu, conservatories, Prof. mayanjano. Ku zarub yabwino. K.z. ndi K.z. Society of Friends of Music (Vienna), House of Arts. Smetana (Prague), Ateneum (Bucharest), Bulgaria (Sofia), Festival Hall ndi Albert Hall (London), Lincoln Center, Carnegie Hall (New York), Concertgebouw (Amsterdam), West Berlin Philharmonic, Gavo, Pleyel (Paris), Concerthuset (Stockholm), etc.

Woyamba K.z. adatumikira ku Russia m'zaka za zana la 18. zisudzo. holo, makalabu oimba nyimbo, mabungwe a maphunziro (mabungwe a Smolny ndi Ekaterininsky, Academy of Arts ku St. Petersburg, University of Moscow, etc.), kuyambira zaka za m'ma 19. komanso malo amisonkhano yolemekezeka ya St. Petersburg, Moscow ndi mizinda ina, kumene makonsati olipidwa ankachitidwa mokhazikika. Mu 2nd floor. Zaka za m'ma 19 nyumba zazikulu zosungiramo zinthu zakale zinamangidwa. ku Petersburg. ndi Mosk. conservatories, ndipo kenako malo angapo apadera m'mizinda ina. Pambuyo pa Great Oct. socialist. kusintha kwa K.z. malo amisonkhano yolemekezeka adasinthidwa (K. z. Leningrad. Philharmonic Society, Column Hall of the House of the Unions ku Moscow, NV Lysenko Philharmonic Hall ku Kyiv, etc.). Pamodzi ndi kumangidwa kwa K. z. katswiri. kusankhidwa (ku Yerevan, Tallinn, Minsk, ndi mizinda ina) pansi pa K. z. malo angapo akale omwe kale ankagwiritsidwa ntchito pazifukwa zina anakonzedwanso (Holo ya Engelhardt—kenako Nyumba Yaing’onoyo inatchedwa MI Glinka wa Leningrad Philharmonic Society, Kremlin Concert Hall ku Gorky, holo ya Dome Cathedral ku Riga, ndi ena). Katswiri. K.z. zilipo m'ma Capital onse a Union republic ndi zikhalidwe zazikulu. Pa 60 - oyambirira. 70s mchitidwe kumanga otchedwa. Maholo ophatikizana, omwe amasiyanitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwawo (kuchokera pa 3 mpaka 6) ndipo adasinthidwa kuti azichitira makonsati ndi zochitika zina zazikulu - ma congress, zisudzo, ndi ziwonetsero zamakanema (Kremlin Palace of Congresses ku Moscow, cinema ndi holo zamakonsati) Oktyabrsky ” ku Leningrad, “October” ku Moscow, “Ukraine” ku Kharkov, ndi zina zotero). Wamkulu K.z. akumangidwa m'mahotela akuluakulu ("Soviet" ku Moscow, etc.). K.z. Mu USSR, pali zambiri. mabungwe, mabizinesi, magulu. mabungwe (kuphatikizapo All-Union House of Composers ku Moscow), ogwira ntchito, kumidzi ndi nyumba za ophunzira ndi nyumba za chikhalidwe, ndi zibonga. K.z. amtundu wachilimwe adamangidwa m'matawuni a Sochi, Jurmala, Palanga, ndi ena. mu USSR: Nyumba Zazikulu ndi Zing'onozing'ono za Moscow. Conservatory iwo. PI Tchaikovsky, Column Hall of the House of Unions, Concert Hall yotchedwa PI Tchaikovsky, State Concert Hall "Russia" ku Moscow, Nyumba Zazikulu ndi Zing'onozing'ono za Leningrad. Conservatory iwo. Na Rimsky-Korsakov, Nyumba Yaing'ono. MI Glinka Leningrad. Philharmonic, K. z. Azerbaijan Conservatory (Baku), K. z. “Estonia” (Estonian State Philharmonic in Tallinn), K. z. Georgian State Philharmonic ku Tbilisi, K. z. philharmonic society ku Kazan, K. z. organ ndi chamber music Kutaisi, K. z. t-ra “Vanemuine” ku Tartu, K. z. Palace of Culture "Ukraine" ku Kyiv, K. z. Palace iwo. VI Lenin ku Alma-Ata ndi ena.

Zothandizira: Semenova IN, Stupel AM, Nyumba Yaing'ono yotchedwa MI Glinka; Andronikov IL, The Great Hall of the Philharmonic ndi amodzi mwa malo abwino kwambiri padziko lapansi, onse mgululi: Leningrad State. Dongosolo la Red Banner of Labor Philharmonic, M., 1972; Philharmonic ya Moscow (yolembedwa ndi L. Grigoriev, J. Platek), M., 1973, p. 219-22.

MM Yakovlev