Makulidwe ndi mawonekedwe a piyano

Piyano mosakayikira ndi yoyenera dzinali ngati chida chachikulu kwambiri pakati pa zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poimba. Inde, osati chifukwa cha kukula kwake ndi kulemera kwake, mawuwa adakakamira piyano, koma koposa zonse chifukwa cha makhalidwe ake a sonic ndi mwayi wodabwitsa womasulira pa chida ichi.

Piyano ndi chida cha nyundo cha kiyibodi ndipo mulingo wake wokhazikika umachokera ku A2 mpaka c5. Ili ndi makiyi a 88 ndipo phokoso lochokera ku chidacho limapezeka mwa kukanikiza kiyi yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi makina a nyundo akugunda chingwe. Titha kupeza ma piano a konsati okhala ndi makiyi ochulukirapo, mwachitsanzo 92 kapena 97 monga zilili ndi piano ya Bösendorfer Modell 290 Imperial.

Panapita zaka mazana angapo kuti piyano yamasiku ano isayambike. Chiyambi chotero cha njira yachisinthiko chinali clavichord ya m'ma 1927, yomwe kwa zaka zambiri inasintha mawonekedwe ake, mfundo za ntchito ndi zomveka. Chida ichi chinali chokondweretsa, mwa ena, Johann Sebastian Bach. Kwazaka zambiri, komabe, clavichord idasinthidwa nthawi zambiri ndi harpsichord, ndipo chapakati pazaka za zana la XNUMX piyano idakhala chida chachikulu mu salons. Ndipo kuyambira zaka za m'ma XNUMX pomwe piyano idayamba kutengera mawonekedwe ake omwe timadziwika masiku ano mu piano zamasiku ano. Monga tanenera kale ku mayina akuluakulu anyimbo, sitingathe kusiya mmodzi mwa olemba odziwika kwambiri omwe ali m'gulu lotchedwa Viennese classics ndi Ludwig van Beethoven, yemwenso adathandizira kukulitsa piyano. Kugontha kwake kwapang’onopang’ono kunafunikira kupanga choimbira chomveka bwino, ndipo m’nthaŵi imeneyi ndi pamene zidazo zinakulirakulira panthaŵi imodzimodziyo. Ponena za umunthu wapamwamba kwambiri komanso wodziwika bwino kwambiri wanyimbo, pankhani yosewera bwino komanso nyimbo, mpaka lero ndi Fryderyk Chopin, yemwe ntchito yake imadziwika ndikuyamikiridwa padziko lonse lapansi, ndikukumbukira woyimba piyano ndi woyimba uyu kuyambira XNUMX aliyense asanu aliwonse. zaka ku Warsaw mpikisano wotchuka wa piyano padziko lapansi, wotchedwa Frederic Chopin. Pampikisanowu ndi pamene oimba piyano ochokera padziko lonse lapansi amayesa kusonyeza ndi kutanthauzira ntchito ya mbuyeyo mokhulupirika momwe angathere.

Chifukwa cha kutalika kwa piyano, titha kuwagawa m'magulu anayi. Kuyambira 140 mpaka 180 masentimita adzakhala piano nduna, kuchokera 180 mpaka 210 masentimita adzakhala piano salon, kuchokera 210 mpaka 240 cm kwa piyano theka-konsati, ndi pamwamba 240 cm kwa limba konsati. Nthawi zambiri, limba konsati ndi 280 masentimita yaitali, ngakhale palinso zitsanzo yaitali, monga Fazioli 308 masentimita yaitali.

Chida ichi ndi chabwino pamasewera a solo ndi timu. Chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zomveka komanso kutanthauzira, ndi chimodzi mwa zida zomwe zimakhala ndi mawu omveka bwino komanso osinthika. Kusinthasintha kwake kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera pamitundu yonse yanyimbo, kuyambira zakale mpaka zosangalatsa ndi jazi. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a chipinda ndi magulu akuluakulu a symphony.

Mosakayikira, kukhala ndi piyano kunyumba ndilo loto la oimba piyano ambiri. Sikuti kutchuka kokha, komanso chisangalalo chachikulu kusewera. Tsoka ilo, makamaka chifukwa cha kukula kwa chida ichi, palibe amene angakwanitse kugula chidachi kunyumba. Sikuti mumangofunika kukhala ndi chipinda chochezera chachikulu chokwanira kuti muyike piyano yaying'ono kwambiri, komanso muyenera kubweretsa kumeneko. Inde, mtengo wa chida ichi ukhoza kukuchititsani chizungulire. Makonsati okwera mtengo kwambiri amawononga ndalama zochulukirapo kapena zochepa ngati galimoto yamtengo wapatali, ndipo muyenera kukonzekera ma zloty masauzande ambiri kuti mugule galimoto yochulukirapo. Zoonadi, zida zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndizotsika mtengo kwambiri, koma pamenepa tidzayenera kulipira ma zloty zikwi zingapo pa piyano yabwino. Pachifukwa ichi, oimba piyano ambiri amasankha kugula piyano.

Opanga piyano otchuka kwambiri akuphatikizapo, pakati pa ena: Fazioli, Kawai, Yamaha ndi Steinway, ndipo ndizofala kwambiri mwazinthu izi zomwe oimba piyano omwe akuchita nawo mpikisano wa Chopin angasankhe chida chomwe amawonetsera luso lawo.

Monga tanena kale, si aliyense amene angakwanitse kugula chida choterocho ngati piyano, koma ngati tili ndi mwayi wopeza ndalama ndi nyumba, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kuyika ndalama pa chida choterocho. Lingaliro losangalatsa ndi piyano yayikulu ya Yamaha GB1 K SG2, yomwe ndi kuphatikiza kukongola ndi miyambo yokhala ndi mayankho amakono.